不同含水量皂土之壓實性質

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蔡孟勳(mon-shin Thsai) 查詢紙本館藏

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土木工程學系

論文名稱

不同含水量皂土之壓實性質
(compaction quality of bentonite in different water ratio)

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摘要(中)

高放射性廢料於地下深層處置中常利用緩衝材料阻隔放射性核種外移，目前之候選緩衝材料以膨潤土為主要對象。目前世界各國以單軸壓實技術來壓製緩衝材料塊體，因壓實過程中受壁面摩擦力之影響，使得塊體內部密度不均勻，而影響了緩衝材料塊體之品質；同時皂土內含有大量之蒙脫石，故皂土為具有高塑性、膨脹性之黏土材料。為了瞭解含水量對皂土之影響，因此本研究以直接量測法來探討不同含水量皂土於單軸壓實過程中之壓實行為。
由郭明峰(2004)提出之「長徑比外插法」與吳柏林(2005)提出之「積分平均法」，去求得不同含水量皂土之無壁面摩擦力影響之壓縮曲線，以代表不同含水量皂土之真正壓實行為。
　　最後本研究利用Tien等人(2004)所提出一套皂土-碎石混合物之預測模式，來預測純皂土添加不同重量比之花崗岩碎石及矽砂時之壓縮曲線。

摘要(英)

Buffer materials are used to separate the migration of radionuclides emitted from high level wastes in a repository. Bentonite is the primary candidate for the buffer materials at present. The uniaxial compaction method is generally used to produce the bentonite blocks over the world. Since a density within the block is not even by the influence of the wall friction forces during the compaction period and then influenced the quality of buffer blocks. At the same time, a large number of montmorliionites is included into bentonite so that the clay materials of bentonite become high plasticity and expansion. Therefore, the direct method is used to find out the compaction behavior of bentonite in cases of different water content during the compaction test in the study.Compression curves of bentonite in different water contents are unable to represent real behavior of bentonite affected by the wall friction force. In the study, “Aspect ratio method” by Guo (2004) and “Integral average method” by Wu (2005) are used to obtain friction-free compression curve of bentonite in different water contents to represent real behavior of bentonite. Finally, the model by Tien et al. (2004) is used to predict compression equations of bentonite-crushed rock mixtures in this study with different granite and slica sand fractions in different weight ratios.

關鍵字(中)

★ 不同含水量皂土

關鍵字(英)

★ bentonite

論文目次

第一章緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機與目的 2
1.3 論文內容大綱 3
第二章文獻回顧 4
2.1 放射性廢料與處置介紹 4
2.1.1 低放射性廢棄物處置 5
2.1.2 高放射性廢棄物處置 6
2.2 緩衝材料之概念與功能 7
2.2.1 緩衝材料之規格 8
2.2.2 皂土之特性 9
2.3 含水量對皂土之影響 10
2.4 緩衝材料壓實技術分類 10
2.5 各國緩衝材料壓實技術現況 13
2.5.1 瑞典緩衝材料塊體之製作 13
2.5.2 日本緩衝材料塊體之製作 14
2.6 單軸壓實技術之壁面摩擦效應 14
2.7 微分模式(DIFFERENTIAL SCHEME) 15
第三章壁面摩擦力量測方法 33
3.1 壁面摩擦力間接量測法與直接量測方法 33
3.1.1 壁面摩擦力間接量測法 33
3.1.2 壁面摩擦力直接量測法 34
3.2 壁面摩擦力量測方法之誤差比較 36
3.2.1 壁面摩擦力量測誤差比較 36
3.2.2 密度量測誤差比較 41
3.2.3 脫模力量測誤差 44
3.3 綜合討論 45
第四章試驗材料、儀器設備及試驗程序 52
4.1 試驗材料 52
4.1.1 美國皂土 52
4.1.2 花崗岩碎石 52
4.2 不同含水量試體準備方法 52
4.2.1 增加含水量方法 52
4.2.2 減少含水量方法 53
4.3 試驗儀器設備以及壓實模具 53
4.3.1 試驗儀器設備 53
4.4 壓實試驗程序 56
4.4.2 皂土塊體推出程序 57
第五章不同含水量皂土之壓實行為 68
5.1 皂土含水量對壓實行為之影響 68
5.2 不同含水量皂土之壓實行為 68
5.2.1 含水量=1.85%皂土之壓實行為 68
5.2.2 開封含水量=10.92%皂土之壓實行為 69
5.2.3 含水量=17%皂土之壓實行為 70
5.2.4 含水量=26%皂土之壓實行為 72
5.3 綜合討論 73
第六章不同含水量皂土之無壁面摩擦力影響壓縮曲線 97
6.1 壓縮曲線 97
6.2 無壁面摩擦力影響壓縮曲線之觀念 97
6.3 不同含水量皂土之無壁面摩擦力影響壓縮曲線 98
6.3.1 長徑比外插法 98
6.3.1.1 長徑比外插法之觀念 98
6.3.1.2 無壁面摩擦力影響壓縮曲線求取程序 99
6.3.1.3　不同含水量皂土之無壁面摩擦力影響壓縮曲線 99
6.3.2 壓實應力平均法 101
6.3.2.1 摩擦力分佈理論 101
6.3.2.2 壓實應力平均法之觀念 105
6.3.2.3 結果說明 106
6.3.3 長徑比外插法與積分平均法之比較 107
第七章皂土-碎石混合物之預測 128
7.1 皂土-碎石混合物之試驗結果 128
7.2　皂土-碎石混合物之預測模式 128
7.2.1 加壓曲線之預測 132
7.2.2 解壓回彈曲線之預測 133
7.3 預測成果說明 133
第八章結論 147
8.1 結論 147
8.2 建議 150
參考文獻 151

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指導教授

田永銘(Yong-Ming Tien)

審核日期

2006-7-24

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