博碩士論文 92322085 詳細資訊




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姓名 陳俊豪(Jun-Hau Chen)  查詢紙本館藏   畢業系所 土木工程學系
論文名稱 因應臨時事件變動租用數機場共用櫃檯即時指派之研究
(Real-Time Reassignments of Common-Use Counters with Variables Number Following Airport Incidents)
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摘要(中) 在機場共用櫃檯的指派上,一般可分為固定與變動租用櫃檯數指派兩種方法。在櫃檯資源有限的情況下,變動租用櫃檯數指派方式的櫃檯使用效率較高。一般而言,機場之共用櫃檯若受臨時事件影響,而發生無法按預定規劃內容營運之情形時,櫃檯租用情形需做重新調整,以維持機場正常之運作。若機場營運者指派櫃檯不當,則將造成使用者成本的增加或機場服務水準的降低。因此在遭遇臨時事件後,如何有效的即時指派班次至適當的共用櫃檯,以維持機場服務水準及降低使用者成本,對機場當局而言,甚為重要。
針對機場發生意外事件相關設施之調配問題,目前實務界缺乏有效的即時指派工具,仍以人工調整方式進行櫃檯的即時指派。此做法一旦遭遇大規模問題時,將缺乏效率及效果。而少數的共用櫃檯指派相關文獻中,雖有一共用櫃檯即時指派之研究,但主要針對固定租用數共用報到櫃檯,對於使用率較佳且較複雜之變動租用數共用櫃檯即時指派問題,尚未發現有相關的研究。故本研究針對機場發生意外事件時進行變動租用數共用櫃檯之指派作業,以櫃檯使用者,包括旅客、櫃檯服務人員等擾亂值最小為目標,並考量班次租用櫃檯限制、設立臨時櫃檯、允許班次變動租用櫃檯座、報到線數及租用時間等因素,發展兩個整數規劃模式,規劃適宜的變動租用數共用櫃檯即時指派組合。由於針對實務之大型問題勢難以在有限時間內求得最佳解,因此本研究針對問題特性,發展一啟發式求解演算法,並配合CPLEX數學規劃軟體進行求解。為測試模式的實用績效,本研究以國內一國際機場之現有櫃檯設施營運狀況為例進行範例測試與分析,另針對多個參數進行敏感度分析,測試效果良好。
摘要(英) In general, there are two approaches of airport common-use counter assignments, namely fixed and variable number of counter assignments. The latter is more efficient than the former in terms of counter utilization. In general, when the normal operations of airport common-use counters are affected by incidents, the airport staffs usually have to reassign some departure flights to some common-use counters in real-time, in order to keep on its operations. When such reassignments are improperly preformed, it would result in increased cost on the users or decreased level of service of the airport. Therefore, it is important for airport authorities to efficiently and effectively reassign flights to common-use counters in real-time following airport incidents, in order to maintain the airport levels of service and to reduce the user cost.
In the past, there has none systematic analysis or research to the reassignment of flights to common-use counters following incidences in real-time. The reassignment in practice is manually performed, which is both inefficient and ineffective, especially when the problem scale is enlarged today. In the literature, only one research about real-time reassignment of fixed common-use counters following airport incidents, none of a systematic optimization approach to the assignment of variable number of common-use counters following airport incidents. Hence, this research considers the objective of minimizing total inconsistency of flights to common-use counters, coupled with related operating constraints, to develop two models in order to help the airport authority solve for proper reassignments of flights to common-use counters with variables number in real-time following incidents. Due to many complicated factors that have to be considered, the problem size of the model is expected to be huge in practice, making the model difficult to optimally solve. Therefore, we develop a heuristic method to solve the model by using the mathematical programming solver, CPLEX. To test how well the proposed model may be applied in real world, we perform a case study concerning the operations of two major airports in Taiwan. The results show the model could be useful.
關鍵字(中) ★ 共用櫃檯
★ 變動租用櫃檯數
★ 即時指派
★ 擾亂度
★ 零壹整數規劃問題
關鍵字(英) ★ Common-use counter
★ variable number of counters
★ Zero-one integer program
★ Real-time assignment
★ inconsistency
論文目次 摘要………………………………………………………………………I
ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………….II
誌謝…………………………………………………………………….III
目錄………………………………………………………………….......V
圖目錄…………………………………………………………………VII
表目錄………………………………………………………………...VIII
第一章…………………………………………………………………..1
1.1研究背景與動機………………………………………………………………1
1.2研究目的與範圍………………………………………………………………3
1.3研究方法與流程………………………………………………………………3
第二章…………………………………………………………………..5
2.1機場共用資源…………………………………………………………………5
2.1.1櫃檯指派………………………………………………………………….5
2.1.2機門指派………………………………………………………………….6
2.2航空相關即時營運擾動………………………………………………………7
2.3小結……………………………………………………………………………8
第三章…………………………………………………………………..9
3.1櫃檯即時指派…………………………………………………………………9
3.1.1櫃檯外部擾動…………………………………………………………….9
3.1.2櫃檯內部擾動………………………..………………………………….10
3.2模式架構……………………………………………………………………..10
3.2.1櫃檯即時指派相關時點………………………………………………...10
3.2.2櫃檯即時指派相關名詞說明……………………………………………17
3.2.3模式一…………………………………………………………………...21
3.2.3.1模式一前提與假設…………………………………………………21
3.2.4模式二…………………………………………………………………...23
3.2.4.1模式二前提與假設…………………………………………………24
3.3模式應用……………………………………………………………………..27
3.4小結…………………………………………………………………………..28
第四章 求解方法…………….………………………………………29
4.1模式啟發解法………………………………………………………………..29
4.2小結…………………………………………………………………………..34
第五章 範例測試……………………………………………………35
5.1資料分析……………………………………………………………………..35
5.1.1現況櫃檯資料…………………………………………………………...35
5.1.2班次租用櫃檯資料……………………………………………………...35
5.1.3測試之範例資料………………………………………………………...37
5.1.4意外事件發生資料……………………………………………………...38
5.2模式發展……………………………………………………………………..39
5.2.1電腦演算環境…………………………………………………………...39
5.2.2模式輸入資料…………………………………………………………...39
5.3測試結果……………………………………………………………………..40
5.3.1模式一…………………………………………………………………...40
5.3.2模式二…………………………………………………………………...42
5.3.3模式一與模式二比較…………………………………………………...44
5.4敏感度分析…………………………………………………………………..47
5.4.1指派櫃檯數……………………………………………………………...48
5.4.2擾動時窗………………………………………………………………...50
5.4.3權重……………………………………………………………………...54
5.4.4延後時點數目…………………………………………………………...56
5.4.5允許變動租用班次數…………………………………………………...58
5.4.6變動租用條數上下限…………………………………………………...59
5.5小結…………………………………………………………………………..62
第六章 結論與建議…………………………………………………63
6.1結論…………………………………………………………………………..63
6.2建議…………………………………………………………………………..64
6.3貢獻…………………………………………………………………………..65
參考文獻………...………….…………………………………………66
附錄……………………………………………………………………69
附錄一 CPLEX Callable Library Code……………………………………….....69
附錄二 班次租用共用櫃檯資料表……………………………………………..70
附錄三 模式一各啟發解法之指派結果………………………………………..72
附錄四 模式二各啟發解法之指派結果………………………………………..75
附錄五 兩模式權重敏感度分析之求解結果表………………………………..78
附錄六 兩模式允許變動租用班次數敏感度分析之求解結果表……………..79
圖目錄
圖1-1 研究流程……………………………………………………………………..4
圖3-1 櫃檯即時指派與機場營運關係圖………………………………………….11
圖3-2 共用櫃檯外部擾動即時指派示意圖………………………………………..16
圖3-3 共用櫃檯內部擾動即時指派示意圖………………………………………..17
圖3-4 櫃檯區塊劃分示意圖………………………………………………………..19
圖3-5 允許班次變動租用說明圖………………………………………………..…24
圖3-6 班次連續租用………………………………………………………………..27
圖4-1 啟發解流程圖………………………………………………………………..33
圖5-1 中正國際機場一期航廈之平面圖…………………………………………..35
圖5-2 中正機場一期航廈報到櫃檯佈設圖………………………………………..36
圖5-3 模式一租用櫃檯改變原因比例圖…………………………………………..42
圖5-4 模式二租用櫃檯改變原因比例圖…..………………………………………44
圖5-5 模式一與模式二空間擾動值比較圖……………………………………..…45
圖5-6 模式一與模式二時間擾動值與前後時段擾動值比較圖…………………..45
圖5-7 模式一與模式二重新指派櫃檯相對位置比較圖………………………..…46
圖5-8 模式一與模式二班次延後租用比例比較圖………………………………..47
圖5-9 模式一與模式二指派櫃檯數敏感度分析之總擾動值差異分析圖……….50
圖5-10 模式一與模式二擾動時窗敏感度分析之總擾動值比較圖………………52
圖5-11 模式一與模式二擾動時窗敏感度分析之延後租用班次數比較圖………53
圖5-12 模式一擾動時窗敏感度分析之各加入限制方法求解時間圖……………53
圖5-13 模式二擾動時窗敏感度分析之各加入限制方法求解時間圖……………54
圖5-14 模式一與模式二權重敏感度分析不同空間擾動權重
之班次延後比例圖…………………………………………………………55
圖5-15 模式一與模式二權重敏感度分析不同前後時段擾動權重
之班次延後比例圖…………………………………………………………55
圖5-16模式一與模式二權重敏感度分析不同時間擾動權重
之班次延後比例圖…………………………………………………………56
圖5-17 允許變動租用班次數敏感度分析之總擾動值變化圖…………………...58
圖5-18 允許變動租用班次數敏感度分析之求解時間比較圖…………………...59
圖5-19 模式二變動租用條數上下限敏感度分析之總擾動值變化圖…………...60
圖5-20 模式二變動租用條數上下限敏感度分析之空間擾動值變化圖………...61
表目錄
表2-1 櫃檯指派相關文獻比較表………………………………………………….…….6
表3-1 空域型意外事件…………………………………………………………….…...14
表3-2 地域型意外事件…………………………………………………………….…...14
表5-1 中正機場第一航廈一星期起飛班次數表………………………………………38
表5-2 模式一求解結果……………………………………………………………...…42
表5-3 模式二求解結果………………………………………………………………...43
表5-4 模式二允許可變動班次變動租用情形範例說明表……………………………44
表5-5 兩模式之總擾動值比較表………………………………………………………45
表5-6 兩模式問題規模與求解時間綜理表……………………………………………47
表5-7 模式一指派櫃檯數敏感度分析之求解結果表……………………………...…48
表5-8 模式二指派櫃檯數敏感度分析之求解結果表………………………………...49
表5-9 模式一擾動時窗敏感度分析之指派結果與問題規模表………………………51
表5-10 模式二擾動時窗敏感度分析之指派結果與問題規模表……………………..51
表5-11 模式一延後時點數目敏感度分析之求解結果與問題規模表………………..56
表5-12 模式二延後時點數目敏感度分析之求解結果與問題規模表………………..57
表5-13 模式一延後時點數目敏感度分析之各項擾動值與班次租用情形表………..57
表5-14 模式二延後時點數目敏感度分析之各項擾動值與班次租用情形表………..57
表5-15 模式二變動租用條數上下限敏感度分析之指派結果表…………………….60
表5-16 不同變動租用條數上下限之相同班次租用報到線數情形範例說明……….62
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指導教授 顏上堯(Shang-Yao, Yan) 審核日期 2005-7-20
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