電子相關產業研發人員創新人格特質研究
－強迫選擇題項式人格量表之建構

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邾亦為(Yi-Wai Chu) 查詢紙本館藏

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人力資源管理研究所

論文名稱

電子相關產業研發人員創新人格特質研究－強迫選擇題項式人格量表之建構
(The research of innovative personality of the R&D engineers in the electronics industry － create a forced-choice item personality inventories. )

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摘要(中)

電子資訊產業的發展是世界各國競爭力的重要指標之一，電子資訊為確保與增進科技競爭的優勢，除了必須增加投入研發的資源之外，其關鍵更在於不斷的研發與「創新」。尤其是目前市場變動快速、市場風險與日俱增，高科技產業為求生存與發展，維持產品的地位並求持久之競爭優勢，更需要仰賴研發人員不斷創新的能力，而創造力是研發人員必備的條件，Meinhart & Pederson(1989)的研究更顯示創造力與績效存在正向關係。研發人員是創新、研發的主體，所以是研究創新能力的重點，創新能力不可或缺。瞭解與測量影響科技資訊產業研發人員的創新能力，因而成為本研究所關心的主題。本研究主要的工作是將國內、外有關創新人格特質之期刊、論文、研討會資料、以及專書等加以蒐集並彙整分析，以作為本研究之理論基礎及發展量表之設計依據，再將影響創意發展的因素歸納，並主觀上的加以整理與分類，一共分為十八種構念。再將這些構念，依照其相似性分為七大構面依照各構面的構念與人格特質描述的涵義，編製出200個在內容上相符合的敘述語句，並經由學者與資深心理測驗顧問對每一敘述語句的社會期許性加以評分。然後將用來測量不同人格特質的敘述語句加以配對，成為100個題目，受測者必須從兩個敘述句子中擇一作答，即使皆不同意，也必須勉強選擇，否則即當廢卷處理。首先預試量表初步共編制100題，另外在量表中加入Gough(1979)CPS測驗。
以集群抽樣法針對九家電子相關產業發出研發人員創造力人格量表，進行預試分析與刪除不當題目之後，完成的量表共有65題、7個構面。分析100份回收樣本顯示本量表7個構面庫李信度值達0.816，具有良好信度，與Gough CPS受測結果的相關分析結果顯示，7個構面接達顯著相關，顯示本量表具有相當不錯之建構效度。一份量表所須之信度與效度至此以建構完成。再進行正式施測，針對預試者之外的電子相關產業發出研發人員創造力人格量表，分析417份回收樣本，在跨樣本信度驗證的部分，顯示本量表7個構面庫李信度值達0.863，同樣具有良好信度；在跨樣本效度驗證的部分，與Gough CPS受測結果的相關分析結果顯示，7個構面同樣皆達顯著相關，顯示本量表具有相當不錯之建構效度。本量表不論在總分或七個構面上的常模分配狀態，均相當接近常態分配，顯示本量表確實能夠正確的分辨出研發人員的創造力高低。並且具備信、效度及常模，為一個標準化的量表。

摘要(英)

The development of the electronics industry is one of the important criteria to judge national competitiveness. In addition to increase R&D resources, the electronics industry has to keep on innovating to ensure superiority. Therefore, how to evaluate innovative personality of the R&D engineers in the electronics industry is what we are concerned in this study. We want to create a personality inventories to evaluate innovative personality.
There are 9 steps to create this innovative personality inventories:
1. Check the references of innovation and coordination and analyze them.
2. Classify the whole concept of innovation into 7 dimensions according to category.
3. Develop a forced-choice item personality inventories according to 7 dimensions and add CPS in it.
4. Choose 9 electronics companies by Cluster sampling ,pretest questionnaires by 200 R&D engineers and got 100 valid samples.
5. Use reliability analysis, item analysis, and validity analysis to pretest questionnaires. The pretest reliability is 0.816 (KR20) and the construct effectiveness is good（the value of Pearson correlation coefficient towards CPS is high）.
6. Ensure 65 items of the final personality inventories.
7. Choose 9 electronics companies by Cluster sampling , test questionnaires by 1000 R&D engineers and got 417 samples.
8. Use cross-samples reliability analysis and cross-samples validity analysis. The reliability is 0.863 (KR20) and the construct effectiveness is strong（the value of Pearson correlation coefficient towards CPS is high）.
9. Establish the norm of the R&D engineers in the electronics industry.

關鍵字(中)

★ 創造力
★ 電子相關產業
★ 研發人員
★ 創新
★ 人格特質
★ 自陳式人格量表
★ 強迫選擇題項

關鍵字(英)

★ creativity
★ personality
★ personality inventories
★ R&
★ D engineers
★ innovation
★ the electronics industry
★ forced-choice item

論文目次

第一章、緒論……………………………………………………………1
第一節、研究動機與目的........................................................................................2
第二章、文獻探討..................................................................................................4
第一節、創新與創造力............................................................................................4
第二節、人格特質的意義與測量...........................................................................15
第三節、創造力的人格特質與內在動機...............................................................18
第四節、創造力的理論與測量.............................................................................. 28
第三章、研究方法................................................................................................34
第一節、抽樣方法..................................................................................................34
第二節、研究流程..................................................................................................35
第三節、資料分析方法....................................................................................38
第四章、量表建立與信效度分析..........................................................40
第一節、量表構面與題項之發展..........................................................................40
第二節、量表信度分析..........................................................................................51
第三節、量表鑑別度分析......................................................................................53
第四節、量表效度分析..........................................................................................61
第五節、確立創造力人格評鑑量表......................................................................62
第五章、施測結果分析...........................................................................63
第一節、樣本分析..................................................................................................63
第二節、信度分析..................................................................................................65
第三節、效度分析..................................................................................................66
第四節、常模的建置..............................................................................................67
第六章、結論與建議.............................................................................. 76
第一節、研究結果..................................................................................................77
第二節、研究建議..................................................................................................78
參考文獻...................................................................................................................80
附錄一........................................................................................................................87
附錄二........................................................................................................................88
附錄三........................................................................................................................97
圖目錄
圖3.2-1：研究流程圖................................................................................ 37
圖5.4-1：常模分數分配直方圖.................................................................... 68
圖5.4-2：常模分數分配直方圖（嘗新求變構面）......................................... 68
圖5.4-3：常模分數分配直方圖（高情緒智力構面）...................................... 69
圖5.4-4：常模分數分配直方圖（才華洋溢構面）......................................... 69
圖5.4-5：常模分數分配直方圖（多角推理構面）......................................... 70
圖5.4-5：常模分數分配直方圖（雜亂中找出規則構面）............................... 70
圖5.4-7：常模分數分配直方圖（高度內在動機構面）.................................. 71
圖5.4-8：常模分數分配直方圖（獨立思考構面）......................................... 71
表目錄
表2.1-1：創造力四P研究取向....................................................................... 7
表2.1-2：創造歷程四階段理論與每一階段所須具備的思考運作及要素............ 8
表2.2-1：人格研究的三觀點....................................................................... 15
表2.3-1：國內外學者對具創造力之人格特質的概括研究............................... 22
表2.3-2：Piirto對不同職業別具創造力之人格特質的研究............................. 24
表2.3-3：國外學者對科技類創造力人物之人格特質的研究........................... 26
表2.3-4：國內學者對資訊及科技人員具創造力之人格特質的研究................. 27
表2.4-1：八大類別創造力測量工具介紹表.............................................. 30
表3.1-1：受測樣本名稱及所屬之次群體........................................................34
表4.1-1：創新人格特質描述、構念與構面（嘗新求變構面）........................ 41
表4.1-2：創新人格特質描述、構念與構面（高情緒智商構面）.................... 42
表4.1-3：創新人格特質描述、構念與構面（才華洋溢構面）.........................42
表4.1-4：創新人格特質描述、構念與構面（多角推理構面）........................ 43
表4.1-5：創新人格特質描述、構念與構面（雜亂中找出秩序構面）.............. 43
表4.1-6：創新人格特質描述、構念與構面（高度內在動機構面）................. 44
表4.1-7：創新人格特質描述、構念與構面（獨創思考構面）........................ 45
表4.1-8：創造力人格構面名稱..................................................................... 46
表4.1-9：創新才能量表部分樣本題目.......................................................... 50
表4.1-10：創新人格特質預試量表各構面題目數........................................... 51
表4.2-1：各題項內部一致性（庫李信度）分析結果表.................................. 52
表4.3-1：嘗新求變構面各題項鑑別度分析結果表......................................... 54
表4.3-2：高情緒智力構面各題項鑑別度分析結果表..................................... 55
表4.3-3：才華洋溢構面各題項鑑別度分析結果表......................................... 56
表4.3-4：多角推理構面各題項鑑別度分析結果表….................................... 57
表4.3-5：在雜亂中找出規則構面各題項鑑別度分析結果表........................... 58
表4.3-6：高度內在動機構面各題項鑑別度分析結果表.................................. 59
表4.3-7：獨創思考構面各題項鑑別度分析結果表......................................... 60
表4.3-8：鑑別度分析後各構面刪除的題項表............................................... 60
表4.4-1：各構面總分與Pearson相關係數.................................................... 61
表4.5-1：經過信度、鑑別度、及效度分析之後，各構面所剩下的題項表......... 62
表5.1-1：回收樣本之基本資料..................................................................... 64
表5.2-1：回收樣本庫李信度分析分析結果表............................................... 65
表5.3-1：本研究量表各構面與CPS受測結果相關係數................................... 66
表5.4-1：本量表常模的個構面分數與總分敘述統計表................................... 67
表5.4-2：男性常模的個構面分數與總分敘述統計表...................................... 72
表5.4-3 女性常模的個構面分數與總分敘述統計表..................................... 72
表5.4-4 教育程度為博士常模的個構面分數與總分敘述統計表.................... 73
表5.4-5 教育程度為碩士常模的個構面分數與總分敘述統計表.................... 73
表5.4-6 教育程度為學士常模的個構面分數與總分敘述統計表.................... 73
表5.4-7 教育程度為專科常模的個構面分數與總分敘述統計表…............... 74
表5.4-7 教育程度為高中常模的個構面分數與總分敘述統計表.................... 74

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指導教授

鄭晉昌(Jihn-Chang Jehng)

審核日期

2002-7-15

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