學校社團參與對員工早期生涯成功之影響─以高科技產業員工為例

以作者查詢圖書館館藏

、以作者查詢臺灣博碩士

、以作者查詢全國書目

、勘誤回報

、線上人數：32

、訪客IP：18.116.118.46

姓名

彭馨瑩(Hsin-Ying Peng) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

人力資源管理研究所

論文名稱

學校社團參與對員工早期生涯成功之影響─以高科技產業員工為例
(The Impact of Extracurricular Activities on Early Career Success: An Empirical Study on Employees in Hi-tech Companies)

相關論文

★ 企業全球化布局的可行模式：以趨勢科技為個案研究	★ 轉換型領導與企業創新-以T公司為例
★ 高階經理人薪酬決定因子之研究：以C公司為例	★ 高等教育師資移動因素之探討
★ 高階經理人誘因機制隊公司財務槓桿之影響	★ 企業購併後對員工工作壓力與工作績效之影響－以台新銀行為例
★ 影響消費性電子產品業知識工作者留任意願因素之探討-以L公司為例	★ 高離職率職位招募甄選工具之應用與研究－以台灣人壽公司為例
★ 綠色職場生活與綠色家庭生活平衡之研究	★ 個人績效評估與時序變動之動態資料包絡分析: 人力資本效率模型的模式發展與實證分析
★ 企業社會責任與招募成效關聯性之研究	★ 高科技產業工程專業人員職能需求分析～以某半導體公司為例
★ SOHO族經營技術來源之初探	★ 銀行業主管人員管理能力取得管道及其決定因素之分析
★ 經濟發展與員工福利	★ 高科技產業知識創造與產品創新之研究

檔案

[Endnote RIS 格式]

[Bibtex 格式]

[相關文章]

[文章引用]

[完整記錄]

[館藏目錄]

[檢視]

[下載]

本電子論文使用權限為同意立即開放。
已達開放權限電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的，進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。
請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定，切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送，以免觸法。

摘要(中)

近年來，企業徵選人才不再以學歷作為優先考量，而更加重視「實務經驗」與「社團經驗」。然而，國內目前針對社團經驗的研究僅限於在校生的問卷調查，缺乏對在職工作者的實證研究，也就無從得知社團參與對職涯發展的實際效益何在。因此，本研究以問卷調查擁有大學以上學歷、年資十年以下之高科技產業全職員工，透過t檢定、MANOVA分析與階層迴歸分析358份有效問卷後發現：
1. 就「職業技能」而言，社團經驗較學校教育有助於「創造性思考能力」、「問題解決能力」、「應徵工作能力」、「領導與團隊合作能力」、「關係建立能力」、「口語表達能力」與「企劃撰寫能力」之養成。其中，曾經擔任社團幹部者可自社團經驗中提升「領導能力」與「溝通技巧」；而社團參與程度愈高，愈有助於各項職業技能的獲得。值得注意的是，對主修自然科學領域的學生而言，參與社團更能強化其「獲得工作能力」與「溝通技巧」；同時，相較於私立大學與技術學院畢業生，國立大學與國外大學的畢業生更肯定學校教育對其「學術能力」的養成。
2. 就「生涯成功」而言，社團經驗對於生涯成功的外在因素並無顯著影響。然而，參與社團可帶動較高之生涯滿意度，尤以高度參與社團者更為明顯。另外，相較於主修社會科學領域的學生，理工醫背景的學生若曾高度參與社團，將有助於提升其內部生涯成功。

摘要(英)

Nowadays, corporate recruiters value job candidates’ experience in work and extracurricular activities instead of mere educational background. However, in Taiwan, studies on extracurricular activities lack of empirical investigation, which makes it harder for us to comprehend the actual impact of extracurricular activities on workers’ career success. Thus, it is the purpose of this thesis to investigate the actual impact of college students’ extracurricular activities on their career success. This study surveyed 358 college-educated employees who have less-than-ten-year working experience and work in hi-tech companies. With t-test, MANOVA analysis, and regression analysis of these questionnaires, the findings of this study are as follows:
1. In terms of job related skills, extracurricular activities provides higher level of preparation than coursework in creative thinking, problem solving, job interviewing, leadership and teamwork, relationship building, oral presentation, and proposal writing. In addition, respondents with leadership experience in extracurricular activities gained significantly in leadership ability and communication skills during their participation in extracurricular activities. Besides, the more the respondents’ involvement in extracurricular activities, the greater the job related skills they learned. In general, respondents whose majors are science learn more about communication and job related skills from their involvement in extracurricular activities as compared with those whose majors are in social science; however, graduates from nationally renowned universities acknowledged the greater value of school coursework in preparing them for the needed academic skills.
2. In terms of career success, there were no significant differences between extracurricular activities participants and non-extracurricular activities participants on extrinsic career success, while respondents with extracurricular activities experience reported higher levels of intrinsic career success, especially those who involved more deeply in extracurricular activities. Finally, graduates with science majors reported receiving greater intrinsic career success than graduates with social science majors when involving more deeply in extracurricular activities.

關鍵字(中)

★ 生涯成功
★ 社團參與
★ 職業技能

關鍵字(英)

★ Extracurricular Activities
★ Career Skills
★ Career Success

論文目次

第一章　緒論……………………………………………………………1
　第一節　研究背景與動機…………………………………………………………1
　第二節　研究對象選擇與研究目的………………………………………………3
　第三節　研究流程…………………………………………………………………4
第二章　文獻探討………………………………………………………5
　第一節　生涯成功…………………………………………………………………5
　　一、生涯(Career)的定義…………………………………………………………5
　　二、生涯成功(Career Success) …………………………………………………5
　　三、影響生涯成功的因素………………………………………………………6
　第二節　職業技能………………………………………………………………..11
　第三節　社團經驗………………………………………………………………..13
　　一、社團與社團活動……………………………………………………………13
　　二、社團的分類…………………………………………………………………14
　　三、社團經驗對職業技能與生涯成功之影響………………………………16
第三章　研究設計……………………………………………………20
　第一節　研究架構與研究假設…………………………………………………20
　　一、研究架構………………………………………………………………….20
　　二、研究假設………………………………………………………………….21
　第二節　研究對象與資料來源…………………………………………………..22
　　一、研究對象…………………………………………………………………22
　　二、資料來源………………………………………………………………….22
　第三節　研究工具………………………………………………………………23
　　一、研究變項與問卷設計………………………………………………………23
　　二、信度分析………………………………………………………………….25
　第四節　資料分析方法…………………………………………………………27
第四章　研究結果與分析……………………………………………29
　第一節　樣本分配情形…………………………………………………………29
　第二節　社團經驗對職業技能的影響…………………………………………31
　　一、學校教育與社團經驗對職業技能的影響…………………………………31
　　二、「最高學歷之主修領域」對「社團經驗與職業技能關係」之干擾效果……32
　　三、「最高學歷畢業學校素質」對「社團經驗與職業技能關係」之干擾效果…………………………………………………………………. …………………35
　　四、社團經驗、個人變項與職業技能之相關分析………………………….37
　　五、社團經驗對職業技能之影響………………………………………………38
　第三節　社團經驗對生涯成功之影響…………………………………………43
　　一、社團經驗與生涯成功之相關分析…………………………………………43
　　二、社團經驗對內部生涯成功之影響…………………………………………45
　　三、「最高學歷畢業學校素質」對社團經驗與內部生涯成功之干擾效果……46
　　四、「最高學歷主修領域」對社團經驗與內部生涯成功之干擾效果……….46
第五章　結論與建議…………………………………………………49
　第一節　假設驗證結果與討論…………………………………………………49
　　一、假設驗證結果……………………………………………………………49
　　二、研究發現與討論…………………………………………………………50
　第二節　研究限制與建議………………………………………………………54
　　一、研究限制………………………………………………………………….54
　　二、建議…………………………………………………………………………55
參考文獻………………………………………………………………..58
　　一、中文部分………………………………………………………………….58
　　二、英文部分………………………………………………………………….59
附錄──問卷…………………………………………………………..65

參考文獻

一、中文部份
1. Cheers網站，2004年11月，「1000大企業眼中最佳MBA－台大MBA是大贏家」，http://www.cheers.com.tw/activity/sevenup/page4.htm。
2. 于國欽，2004年10月18日，大學生近百萬，高學歷高失業問題嚴重，工商時報。
3. 井敏珠，1982年5月，我國大學生社團參與、人格特質及其相關之研究，國立政治大學教育研究所碩士論文。
4. 田瑞良、陳鎰明，2003年11月，大學生參與社團活動之影響因素初探，雲科大體育，第6期：137-142。
5. 朱偉競，2002年，「大專社團輔導實務」，嘉義：濤石文化，頁57-64。
6. 李憶微主持，1996年9月，「大學生社團參與對我的生涯影響」座談會紀錄，訓育研究，第35卷第3期：13-28。
7. 吳天方、郭義汶，1999年9月，大學課外活動的輔導與實施，訓育研究，第38卷第3期：83-88。
8. 邱文仁，2001年7月，「新鮮人完全就職秘笈」，國家政策論壇，第1卷第5期，http://www.npf.org.tw/monthly/00105/theme-021.htm。
9. 邱皓政，1996年，大學社團活動與學生的心性發展──一個發展心理學的觀點，訓育研究，第35卷第3期：37-42。
10. 周甘逢，1985年，「不同制握大學生社團參與及其行為適應之分析研究」，國立高雄師範大學教育研究所碩士論文。
11. 林孟儀，2004年7月，「社會狀元贏在事業考卷」，商業週刊，870期，頁98-100。
12. 陳昭雄、林合懋，2005年4月，大專院校社團幹部參與校園社團活動自我成長認知態度之探討，弘光學報，46期：59-76。
13. 張春興、黃淑芬，1992年，大學教育環境與青年期自我統合形成關係的初步研究，台灣師範大學教育心理學報，15期：31-46。
14. 張郁雯，1986年，我國大學生心理社會發展與心理健康之相關研究，國立台灣大學心理學研究所碩士論文。
15. 許龍君，2003年6月，大學生社團參與及其人際關係之研究，國立彰化師範大學商業教育學系行政管理研究所碩士論文。
16. 教育部大專院校學生人數統計資料，http://www.edu.tw/EDU_WEB/EDU_MGT/STATISTICS/EDU7220001/data/serial/u.htm?UNITID=139&CATEGORYID=260&FILEID=130551&open。
17. 葉明珍、陳昭雄、張彩秀、樓美玲，2004年6月，社團參與對護生社會適應及實習表現之影響，弘光學報，44期：27-34。
18. 黃鳳嬌，1996年9月，大學社團經驗之影響，訓育研究，第35卷第3期：33-36。
19. 楊仁壽、俞慧芸、許碧芬等譯，Jones, G. R.著，2002年，組織理論與管理，第三版，台北：雙葉書廊。
20. 謝政瑜，1996年9月，體驗有益的大學社團活動—以達認識與充實生涯規劃，訓育研究，第35卷第3期：29-32。
21. 謝海平、龔充文、黃世琤，1993年12月，中華民國台灣地區五專學生參與社團活動，訓育研究，第32卷第3期：9-22。
22. 羅月鳳，1988年，我國大學院校學生社團評鑑之調查研究，國立台灣師範大學教育研究所碩士論文。
23. 羅麗雲，2001年6月，大學生社團參與態度及其評價之研究—以逢甲大學為例，中華大學工業工程與管理研究所碩士論文。
二、英文部分
1. Aries, E., McCarthy, D., Salovery, P., & Banaji, M. R., 2004. A comparison of athletes at highly selective colleges: Academic performance and personal development. Research in higher education, 45(6): 577-602.
2. Arnold, J., 1997. Managing Careers into 21st Century. 1st ed. London: Paul Chapman Publishing.
3. Arthur, M. B., Hall, D. T. & Lawrence, B. S., 1989. Handbook of Career Theory, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
4. Barr, T. F. & McNeilly, K. M., 2002. The value of students' classroom experiences from the eyes of the recruiter: Information, implications, and recommendations for marketing educators. Journal of Marketing Education, 24(2): 168-173.
5. Barrick, M.R. & Mount, M. K., 1991. The Big Five personality dimensions and job performance: A meta-analysis, Personnel Psychology, 44: 1-26.
6. Becker, G.., 1964. Human capital: A theoretical and empirical analysis with special reference to education. New York: Columbia University Press.
7. Betz, N. and Fitzgerald, L., 1987. Career Psychology for Women, Academic, San Diego, CA. Bozionelos, N., 1996, Networking in the workplace and some of its correlates, paper presented at the Annual Conference of the British Psychological Society, Brighton, April.
8. Bielby, D. D. & Bielby, W. T., 1988. Women's and men's commitment to paid work and family. In Stromberg, A.H., Larwood, L., and Gutek, B. (Eds.), Women and work (pp. 249-263). Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
9. Bloch, F. E. & Kuskin, M. S., 1978. Wage determination in the union and nonunion sectors, Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 31: 183-192.
10. Boatwright, E.W., and Stamps, M.B., 1988. Employers' importance rating of student characteristics: A conjoint analysis approach, Journal of Marketing Education, 10 (summer): 74-78.
11. Boone, L.E., Kurtz, D.L., and Fleenor, C.P., 1988. CEOs: Early Signs of a Business Career, Business Horizons, 31(5): 20-25.
12. Boudreau, J. W. & Boswell, W. R., and Judge, T. A., 2001. Effects of personality on executive career success in the United States and Europe, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 58: 53-81.
13. Bridgman, D.S., 1930. Success in College and Business, Personal Journal, 9: 1-19.
14. Brown, C. & Medoff, J., 1989. The employer size-wage effect, Journal of Political Economy, 97: 1027-1059.
15. Callanan, G. A., 2003. Career Development International. Bradford: Vol. 8, Iss. 3; p. 126.
16. Campion, M.A., 1978. Identification of Variables Most Influential in Determining Interviewers' Evaluation of Applications In a College Placement Center, Psychological Reports, 42: 947-952.
17. Carlson, L. A. & Swartz, C., 1988. The earnings of women and ethnic minorities, 1959-1979, Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 41: 530-546.
18. Christopher, O., 1994. The effects of organizational and individual career management on career success. International Journal of Manpower, 15(1): 27-38.
19. Cole, M. S., Field, H. S., & Giles, W. F., 2003. What can we uncover about applicants based on their resumes? A field study. Applied HRM Research, 8(2): 51-62.
20. Cooper, D. L., Healy, M.A., and Simpson, T., 1994. Student Development through Involvement: Specific Change Over Time, Journal of College Student Development, 35: 99-102.
21. Costa, P. T. & McCrae, R. R., 1992. Revised NEO personality inventory and NEO five-factor inventory professional manual, Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
22. Cox, T. H. & Harquail, C. V., 1991. Career paths and career success in the early career stages of male and female MBAs, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 39: 54-75.
23. Cox, T. H. & Nkomo, S. M., 1991. A race and gender-group analysis of the early career experience of MBAs, Work and Occupations, 18: 431-446.
24. Crites, J. O., 1969. Career Psychology, New York: McGraw-Hill.
25. Dalton, D.R. & Kesner, I. F., 1985. Organizational performance as an antecedent of inside/outside chief executive succession: An empirical assessment, Academy of Management Journal, 28: 749-762.
26. Development Dimensions International(DDI), 1984. American Assembly of Collegiate Schools of Business Project, PhaseⅢ, Summary Report. Pittsburgh, PA: Author.
27. Dreher, G. F. & Bretz, R. D., 1991. Cognitive ability and career attainment: The moderating effects of early career success, Journal of Applied Psychology, 76: 392-397.
28. Erikson, E. H., 1980. Identity and the Life Cycle: A Reissue. New York: W. W. Norton.
29. Festinger, L., 1954. A theory of social comparison processes, Human Relations, 7(1)1 17-140.
30. Floyd, C. J., and Gordon, M.E., 1998. What skills are most important? A comparison of employer, student, and staff perceptions, Journal of Marketing Education, 20 (August): 103-109.
31. Gaedeke, R. M., Tootelian, D.T., and Schaeffer, B.F., 1983. Employers want motivated communicators for entry-level marketing positions: Survey, Marketing News, 5(1).
32. Gandy, J.A., Dye, D.A., and MacLane, C.N., 1994. Federal government selection. The individual achievement record, In G. S. Stokes, M.D. Mumford, & W.A. Owens(Eds.), Biodata handbook. Theory, research, and use of biographical information in selection and performance prediction (pp. 275-309). Palo Alto, CA: CPP Books.
33. Gattiker, U. & Larwood, L., 1986. Subjective career success: a study of managers and support personnel, Journal of Business and Psychology, 1: 78-94.
34. Gattiker, U.E. & Larwood, L., 1988. Predictors for managers' career mobility, success and satisfaction, Human Relations, 41: 569-591.
35. Gattiker, U. E. & Larwood, L., 1989. Career success, mobility and extrinsic satisfaction of corporate managers, Social Science Journal, 26: 75-92.
36. Gault, J., Redington, J., Schlager, T., 2000. Undergraduate business interships and career success: Are they related?, Journal of Marketing Education, 22(1): 45-53.
37. Glennon, J.R., Albright, L.E., and Owens, W.A., 1961. A catalog of life history items. Washington, DC: The Scientific Affairs Committee of the American Phsychology Association.
38. Goleman, D., 1998, What Makes a Leader?, Harvard Business Review, 76(6): 93-102.
39. Gomez-Mejia, L.R. & Welbourne, T. M., 1989. Strategic design of executive compensation programs. In Gomez-Mejia LR, Olsen R, Milkovich GT (Eds.), Compensation and benefits (pp. 216-269). Washington: Bureau of National Affairs.
40. Gould, S. & Penley, L. E., 1984. Career strategies and salary progression: A study of their relationship in a municipal bureaucracy, Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 34: 244-265.
41. Greenhaus, J. H., Callanan, G. and Godshalk, V., 2000. Career Management, Dryden Press, New York, NY.
42. Greenhaus, J. H., Parasuraman, S., and Wormley, W. M., 1990. Effects of race on organizational experiences, job performance evaluations, and career outcomes, Academy of Management Journal, 33: 64-86.
43. Gutteridge, T. G.., 1973. Predicting career success of graduate business school alumni, Academy of Management Journal, 16: 129-137.
44. Hafer, J.C., and Hoth, C. C., 1981. Job selection attributes: Employer preferences vs. student perceptions. Journal of College Placement, 41(winter): 54-57.
45. Harrell, T. W., 1969. The personality of high earning MBA's in big business. Personnel Psychology, 22: 457-463.
46. Hood, A.B., Raihinejad, A.R., and White, D.B., 1986. Changes in ego identity during the college years, Journal of College Student Personnel, 27: 107-113.
47. Howard, A. & Bray, D., 1988. Managerial lives in transition: Advancing age and changing times. New York: Guilford Press.
48. Howard, A., 1986. College Experiences and Managerial Performance, Journal of Applied Psychology, 71(3):530-552.
49. Howard, M., 2000. Happily married to the company: In an era of job hopping, some workers will never leave. The Richmond Times Dispatch, 31: D-14.
50. Hunt, S.D., Chonko, L.B., and Wood, V.R., 1986. Marketing education and marketing success: Are they related?, Journal of Education, 2(summer): 2-12.
51. Hutchinson, H. L., 1984. Personnel administrators’ preferences for resume content. Journal of Business Communication, 21: 5-14.
52. Igbaria, M. & Wormley, W. 1992. Race effects on organizational experiences and career success among MIS managers and professionals, MIS Quarterly, 16(4): 507-529.
53. Igbaria, M., & Chidambaram, L., 1997. The impact of gender on career success of information system professionals: A human-capital perspective, Information Technology & People, 10(1): 63-86.
54. Jaskolka G., Beyer J.M., Trice H.M., 1985. Measuring and predicting managerial success, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 26: 189-205.
55. Judge, T. A., Bono, J. E., lilies, R., and Gerhardt, M. W., 2002. Personality and leadership: A qualitative and quantitative review, Journal of Applied Psychology, 87: 765-780.
56. Judge T.A., & Bretz, R.D., 1994. Political influence behavior and career success, Journal of Management, 20: 43-65.
57. Judge, T.A., Cable, D.M., Boudreau, J.W., Bretz, R.D., Jr., 1995. An empirical investigation of the predictors of executive career success, Personnel Psychology, 48(3): 485-520.
58. Judge, T.A., Thoresen, C. J., Pucik, V., and Welbourne, T. M., 1999. Managerial coping with organizational change: A dispositional perspective, Journal of Applied Psychology, 84: 107-122.
59. Karakaya, F., and Karakaya, F., 1996. Employer expectations from a business education, Journal of Marketing for Higher Education, 7(1): 9-16.
60. Kelley, C.A., and Gaedeke, R.M., 1990. Student and employer evaluation of hiring criteria for entry-level marketing positions. Journal of Marketing Education, 12(fall): 64-71.
61. Kerr, J. L. & Bettis, R. A., 1987. Boards of directors, top management compensation and shareholder returns, Academy of Management Journal, 30: 745-764.
62. Kets de Vries, M. F. R., Mead, C., 1992. The development of the global leader within the multinational corporation. In Pucik, V., Tichy, N. M., and Barnett, C. K. (Eds.), Globalizing management: Creating and leading the competitive organization (pp. 187-205). New York: Wiley.
63. Kohn, M. J., & Schooler, C., 1983. Work and personality: An inquiry into the impact of social stratification. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
64. Konda, S. L. & Stewman, S., 1980. An opportunity labor demand model and Markovian labor supply models: Comparative tests in an organization, American Sociological Review, 45: 276-301.
65. Korman, A. K, Wittig-Berman, U. and Lang, D., 1981. Career success and personal failure: alienation in professionals and managers, Academy of Management journal, 24(2): 342-60.
66. Kuh, G.D., 1995. The Other Curriculum: Out-of-Class Experience Associated with Student Learning and Personal Development, Journal of Higher Education, 66: 123-155.
67. London M., Stumpf, S.A., 1982. Managing careers. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
68. McClelland, D. C., 1973, Testing for Competence Rather than for Intelligence, American Psychologist, 1(1): 1-14.
69. McCorkle, D. E., Alexander, J. F., Reardon, J., & Kling, N. D., 2003. Developing self-marketing skills: Are marketing students prepared for the job search? Journal of marketing education, 25(3): 196-207.
70. McNeilly, K. M., & Barr, T. F., 1997. Convincing the recruiter: A comparison of resume formats. Journal of Education for Business, 72 (6): 359-63.
71. Meka, H.R., 1998. Job pespects look great for rech grades, Campus Life, 25(September): 1-15.
72. Melamed, T., 1996. Validation of stage model of career success. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 45: 35-65.
73. Monroe, W. ed, 1952. Encyclopedia of Educational Research, N.Y., The Macmillan Company.
74. Moore, P., 2005. Career directions: Communication Skills. Tech Directions, 64(10): 26-27.
75. Morrison, A.H., White, R.P. and Van Velsor, E., 1987. Breaking the Glass Ceiling: Can Women Reach the Top of America's Largest Corporations?, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA
76. Mumford, M. D. & Stokes, G. S., 1992. Development determinants of individual action: Theory and practice in the application of background data. In M. D. Dunnette, The handbook of industrial and organization psychology. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
77. Myers, M.B., Griffith, D.A., and Daugherty, P.J., 2004. Maximizing the human capital equation in logistics: education, experience, and skills, Journal of Business Logistics, 25(1): 211-232.
78. Nadherny, C. C., 1997. Today’s catalog marketing executives need a specialized set of skills. Direct Marketing, 59(9): 34-35.
79. Nemanick, R.C., Jr., and Clark, E.M., 2002. The Differential Effects of Extracurricular Activities on Attributions in Resume Evaluation, International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 10(3): 206-217.
80. Ng, T. W. H., Eby, L. T., Sorensen, K. L., and Feldman, D. C., 2005. Predictors of Objective and Subjective Career Success: A meta-analysis, Personnel Psychology. 58(2): 367-408.
81. Olson, A. A., 1994. Long-term networking: A strategy for career success. Management Review, 83(4): 33-35.
82. Pascarella, Ernest T., and Smart, J.C., 1988. The Influence of College on Humanitarian/Civic Involvement Values. Journal of Higher Education, 59(4): 412-437.
83. Pfeffer, J. & Ross, J., 1982. The effects of marriage and a working wife on occupational and wage attainment, Administrative Science Quarterly, 27: 66-80.
84. Pfeffer, J., 1983. Organizational demography, In Cummings, L. L. & Staw, B. M. (Eds.), Research in organizational behavior (pp. 299-357). Greenwich, JAI Press.
85. Pfeffer, J., 1991. Organizational theory and structural perspectives on management. Journal of Management, 17: 789-803.
86. Preston, W. P., & Broder, J. M., 1990. Market Returns to Agribusiness Skills and Competencies. Agribusiness, 6(1): 1-13.
87. Psacharopoulos, G.., 1985. Returns to education: A further international update and implications, Journal of Human Resources, 20: 583-604.
88. Rosenbaum, J. E., 1984. Career mobility in a corporate hierarchy. Orlando, FL: Academic Press.
89. Rubin, R.S., Bommer, W. H., and Baldwin T. T., 2002. Using Extracurricular Activity as An Indicator of Interpersonal Skill: Prudent Evaluation or Recuriting Malpractice?, Human Resource Management, 41(4): 441-454.
90. Sandberg, J., 2000, Understanding Human Competence at Work: An Interpretive Approach, Academy of Management Journal, 43(1): 9-25.
91. Schooler, C., 1990. Psychological effects of complex environments during the life-span: A review and theory. Intelligence, 8: 254-281.
92. Seibert, S. E, Grant, J. M., and Kraimer, M. L., 1999. Proactive personality and career success, Journal of Applied Psychology, 84: 416-427.
93. Seibert, S.E. & Kraimer, M. L., 2001. The five-factor model of personality and career success, Journal of Vocational Behavior, 58: 1-21.
94. Seibert, S. E., Kraimer, M.L., and Grant, J. M., 2001. What do proactive people do? A longitudinal model linking proactive personality and career success. Personnel Psychology, 54: 845-874.
95. Spector, P. E., 1982. Behavior in organizations as a function of employees' locus of control, Psychological Bulletin, 91: 482-497.
96. Stewman, S., & Konda, S. L., 1983. Careers and organizational labor markets: Demographic models of organizational behavior, American Journal of Sociology, 88: 637-685.
97. Stroh, L. K., Brett, J. M. and Riley, A. H., 1992. All the right stuff: a comparison of female and male managers' career progression, Journal of Applied Psychology, 77: 251-260.
98. Super, D. E., 1976. Career Education and the Meaning of Work. Monograph on Career Education, Washing, DC.: The Office of Career Education, U.S. Office of Education.
99. Terenzini, P., Pascarella, E. T., & Bliming, G. S., 1999. Students’ Out-of –class experiences and their influence on learning and cognitive development: A literature review. Journal of College Student Development, 40(5): 610-623.
100. Useem, M. & Karabel, J., 1986. Pathways to top corporate management, American Sociological Review, 51: 184-200.
101. Waldman, D. A., Gabriel, G. R., Robert, J. H., and Phanish, P., 2001. Does Leadership Matter? CEO Leadership Attributes and Profitability under Conditions of Perceived Environmental Uncertainty, Academy of Management Review, 44(1): 134-143.
102. Walters, R. W., and Bray, D. W., 1963. Today's Search for Tomorrow's Leaders, Journal of College Placement, 24: 22-23.
103. Warr, P., 1987. Work, Unemployment, and Metal Health, Claredon Press, Oxford.
104. Whitely, W., Dougherty, T. W., and Dreher, G. E., 1991. Relationship of career mentoring and socioeconomic origin to Managers' and professionals' early career progress, Academy of Management Journal, 34: 331-351.
105. Williams, M., & Winstin,R.B.Jr., 1985. Participation in organized student activities and work: differences in developmental task achievement of traditional aged college students, NASPA Journal, 23(3): 52-59.
106. Winter, D. G., McClelland, D. C., & Stewart, A. J., 1981. A new case for the liberal arts. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.

指導教授

李誠(Joseph S. Lee)

審核日期

2006-6-20

推文