以ABAQUS模擬粉體之壓實行為

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姓名

呂紹垣(Shao-Yuan Lyu) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

土木工程學系

論文名稱

以ABAQUS模擬粉體之壓實行為
(Modelling the compaction behaviour of powders with ABAQUS)

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摘要(中)

目前世界各國主要以單軸壓實法壓製緩衝材料，本研究根據瑞典單軸壓實法之概念，藉以數值方法來探討粉體材料受壓實力下之力學行為，以作為未來緩衝材料之設計參考。
　　緩衝材料塊體一般可分為盤形、扇形及環形等形狀，本研究嘗試利用粉體受壓實力作用下產生之應變硬化模式（Drucker-Prager/Cap Model），建立至大型的非線性有限元素分析軟體（ABAQUS）中，利用合理的分析條件及適當的材料參數，針對三種不同形狀之緩衝材料塊體進行數值模擬，探討不同外形之緩衝材料塊體於壓實過程中之力學行為差異。
　　此外，緩衝材料塊體壓製過程中，材料與模具間會產生壁面摩擦力，單純的施加壓實應力與密度之關係並無法真正表現粉體之壓實特性，故須找出不受試驗條件影響之無壁面摩擦力壓縮曲線。本數值模擬分別以摩擦係數為零之方式及平均壓實應力法求取無壁面摩擦力壓縮曲線，並與前人所做之試驗結果加以比較，驗證數值分析模式之可行性及適用性。

摘要(英)

Many nations take advantage of uniaxial compaction to produce buffer materials. This research aims to discuss the mechanical behavior of powders in compaction with numerical method.
　　The buffer material blocks usually have three shapes, inculding disk, fan, and ring. With rational consideration and appropriate material parameters in finite elements analysis（ABAQUS）, this research attempts to distinguish the diversity among these buffer material blocks. Drucker-Prager/Cap Model was chosen as the yield surface of the medium, which represents the failure and yield behaviors.
　　In addition, as the buffer material blocks in the process of compaction, it will produce wall friction between the block and the die. The relationship between compaction stress and density cannot reveal the characteristics of the powders in compaction. It’s necessary to find out the friction-free curve that without limited in the experimental conditions. This research use zero as the coefficient of friction and average integral method to get friction-free curve, and make these results to compare with the former researches in order to verify the feasibility of numerical analysis.

關鍵字(中)

★ 壓實
★ 粉體
★ ABAQUS
★ Drucker-Prager/Cap Model

關鍵字(英)

★ powder
★ ABAQUS
★ Drucker-Prager/Cap Model
★ compaction

論文目次

第一章緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機 1
1.3 研究目的 1
1.4 研究方法 2
1.5 論文內容 2
第二章文獻回顧 3
2.1 放射性廢棄物簡介 3
2.2 放射性廢棄物處置概念 4
2.2.1 低放射性廢棄物處置 4
2.2.2 高放射性廢棄物處置 7
2.3 緩衝材料之概念與功能 8
2.4 緩衝材料壓實技術分類 11
2.5各國緩衝材料塊體壓製方式概述 14
2.5.1瑞典緩衝材料塊體壓製方式概述 14
2.5.2日本緩衝材料塊體壓製方式概述 17
2.6 粉體壓實應用領域及前人數值模擬研究 24
2.6.1粉體壓實相關領域之數值模擬研究 24
第三章數值模擬 38
3.1有限元素軟體簡介 38
3.2 ABAQUS相關理論說明 39
3.2.1 數值求解方法 39
3.2.2 Modified Drucker-Prager/Cap Model 降伏準則 40
3.2.2.1 Drucker-Prager Shear Failure Surface 42
3.2.2.2 Transition Yield Surface 43
3.2.2.3 Cap Yield Surface 44
3.2.3 接觸分析 45
3.2.3.1 接觸摩擦類型 47
3.2.3.2 接觸主控（Master）與從屬（Slave）表面 49
3.3 數值模擬之壓實模具概述 51
3.3.1 壓實模具設計 51
3.3.2 壓實模具設計概念 51
3.4 有限元素數值分析 54
3.4.1 分析流程 54
3.4.2 幾何模型 55
3.4.2.1 盤形緩衝材料塊體 55
3.4.2.2 扇形緩衝材料塊體 57
3.4.2.3 環形緩衝材料塊體 59
3.4.3 材料參數 62
3.4.4 接觸性質 63
3.4.4.1 盤形緩衝材料塊體接觸對 63
3.4.4.2 扇形緩衝材料塊體接觸對 65
3.4.4.3 環形緩衝材料塊體接觸對 66
3.4.5 邊界條件 69
3.4.5.1盤形緩衝材料塊體邊界條件 69
3.4.5.2扇形緩衝材料塊體邊界條件 70
3.4.5.3環形緩衝材料塊體邊界條件 72
3.4.6 網格及元素 73
3.4.6.1盤形緩衝材料塊體之網格與元素 73
3.4.6.2扇形緩衝材料塊體之網格與元素 75
3.4.6.3環形緩衝材料塊體之網格與元素 76
第四章數值模擬結果 78
4.1網格變化 78
4.1.1盤形緩衝材料塊體之網格變化 78
4.1.2扇形緩衝材料塊體之網格變化 80
4.1.3環形緩衝材料塊體之網格變化 81
4.1.4緩衝材料塊體之網格變化比較 82
4.2位移變化 82
4.2.1盤形緩衝材料塊體之位移變化 82
4.2.2扇形緩衝材料塊體之位移變化 85
4.2.3環形緩衝材料塊體之位移變化 88
4.2.4緩衝材料塊體之位移變化比較 91
4.3受力變化 92
4.3.1盤形緩衝材料塊體之受力變化 92
4.3.2扇形緩衝材料塊體之受力變化 96
4.3.3環形緩衝材料塊體之受力變化 100
4.3.4緩衝材料塊體之受力變化比較 103
4.4無壁面摩擦力壓縮曲線 105
4.4.1無壁面摩擦力壓縮曲線觀念 105
4.4.2求取無壁面摩擦力壓縮曲線方法 105
4.4.2.1以摩擦係數為零方式求取無壁面摩擦力壓縮曲線 105
4.4.2.2以平均壓實應力法求取無壁面摩擦力壓縮曲線 107
4.4.3無壁面摩擦力壓縮曲線比較 112
4.4.3.1壓實應力平均法與摩擦係數為零求得之無壁面摩擦力壓縮曲線比較 112
4.4.3.2數值模擬與試驗之無壁面摩擦力壓縮曲線比較 115
第五章結論與建議 119
5.1結論 119
5.2建議 122
參考文獻 123

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指導教授

吳柏林、田永銘
(Po-Lin Wu、Yong-Ming Tien)

審核日期

2006-7-21

推文