棧板儲區走道規劃與佈置

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蔡陳萍(Chen-Ting Tsai) 查詢紙本館藏

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企業管理學系

論文名稱

棧板儲區走道規劃與佈置

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摘要(中)

固定棧板儲區的規劃佈置，通常是以最大的儲存量為第一設計考量，也就是希望倉庫中能擺下愈多的棧板愈好。但是，在實際的倉儲作業中。具有最大儲位佈置的系統設計，往往並非是最有運作效率的佈置，尤其在有空儲位的情況下，儲位愈多代表愈多的成本浪費，如果將空的儲位轉換成走道，以協助倉儲作業增加彈性的揀貨路徑，就能提高揀貨的效率。
基於以上的考量，本研究擬以最短路徑的方法為基礎，發展出利用空儲位轉換成最適通道數與佈置之啟發式演算法，在滿足儲位需求且有最大撿貨效率的目標下，決定出儲區棧板最適的佈置方式。
本研究的目的，在既定棧板儲區佈置下發展出最佳的走道佈置之方法，對於固定棧板儲區揀貨作業效率化問題，雖然國內許多研究學者做過非常多的研究，不過這些研究的研究範圍，集中在訂單的揀取方法、揀貨路徑或儲位規劃的範疇，比較少從最初的儲區佈置問題去做探討。然而，若是能從最原始之儲區佈置方式著手去改善揀貨作業效率，則對於後續有關提高揀貨作業效率問題之研究，如揀貨路徑問題或儲位規劃問題將有很大的幫助。
有鑑於此，本研究將對固定棧板儲區佈置問題進行探討，希望能藉由在固定棧板儲區中作適當的走道佈置來縮短揀貨作業行走路徑、減少揀作業成本，進而提高固定棧板儲區作業效率與服務水準。
經研究實驗證明，在棧板儲區中增加走道，能產生彈性的揀貨路徑，因此能得到更短的揀貨距離。

關鍵字(中)

★ 儲區規劃與佈置

關鍵字(英)

★ Layout

論文目次

第一章緒論…………………………………………….…………………………. 1
1-1 研究背景與動機………………………………………………………………. 1
1-2 研究範圍………………………………………………………………………. 3
1-3 研究目的………………………………………………………………………. 3
1-4 研究方法與架構………………………………………………………………. 4
第二章文獻探討…………………………….……………………………………. 6
2-1 儲區佈置問題…………………………………………………………………. 6
2-2 儲位規劃問題…………………………………………………………………. 7
2-3 儲存策略原則…………………………………………………………………. 8
2-4 儲位指派原則…………………………………..………….…………………. 10
2-5 揀貨政策問題…………………………………..……………………….……. 12
2-6 揀貨路徑問題…………………………………..……………………….……. 14
第三章研究方法與步驟…………………………….……………………………. 16
3-1 系統說明 ...……………………………………..……………………………. 16
3-1-1 系統特徵……………………………………...…………………….…. 17
3-2 基本假設………………………………………………….……………..….…. 17
3-2-1 訂單部分…………………………………………….…………..….…. 17
3-2-2 儲位部分……………………………………………….………..….…. 17
3-2-3 揀取設備部分…………………………………………….……..….…. 17
3-2-4 出入口部分……………………………………………..………..….…. 18
3-2-5 揀取途程部分………………………………………………..……...…. 19
3-2-1 儲區佈置部分………………………………………………..……...…. 18
3-3 系統建構及演算法發展……………………..………………………….……. 19
3-3-1 研究發展設計流程…………………….……..…………………….…. 20
3-3-2 訂單揀取程序…………………………………………………………. 21
3-3-3 儲位之間行走距離的計算.………………………………………...…. 22
3-3-3-1兩兩儲位之間行走距離的計算………………………….…….. 22
3-3-3-1-1 儲位與儲位之間除了走道距離以外的行走距離計算公式………………………………………………………23
3-3-3-1-2 儲位與儲位之間有關走道的行走距離計算方法…….. 23
3-3-3-2 選擇路徑…………………………………………….…………. 26
3-4 範例說明……………………………………………………….……..….…….27
3-4-1 範例說明 ……………………………………………………..…….….27
3-4-1-1 第一階段……………………………………….………………..29
3-4-1-2 第二階段(切割一條走道，重新分派儲位)………….………...32
3-4-1-3 第二階段(切割兩條走道，重新分派儲位) ………….………..36
3-4-2 計算結果…………………………………………………..….………...39
3-4-3 分析出範例中的最佳平面配置…………………………..….………...41
第四章實例計算分析………………………………………………….…………….42
4-1 環境敘述 ……………………………..………………………….…….….…….42
4-2 一個實驗結果與分析……………..…………………………….………..….….44
4-2-1 實驗結果列表………………..………………………….………..….….44
4-2-2 結果分析……………………..………………………….…….….……..53
4-3 三十個實驗結果與比較分析……….………………………….…….……..….54
4-3-1實驗結果……..………………………………………….………...….….54
4-3-2 實驗結果分析討論…………………………………….………...….…..57
4-4 總結……………………...…………………………………….…………….….59
第五章結論與後續研究……………………………………………….……..…….60
5-1 結論………………………… ……………….…………………………....…….60
5-2 後續研究及相關建議……………….………………………….……………….61
參考文獻……………….……………………………..………..………..……..…….62
附錄A程式執行版面……………….………………...………….………………….68
附錄B程式主要內容……………….…………………...……….………………….69

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指導教授

何應欽(Ying-Chin Ho)

審核日期

2003-7-12

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