以離心機模型試驗模擬基樁抗壓與抗拉行為

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姓名

郭致均(Chih-Chun Kuo) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

土木工程學系

論文名稱

以離心機模型試驗模擬基樁抗壓與抗拉行為
(The simulation of the pile behaviors on the compressive and the tensile pile head loading by centrifuge modeling tests)

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摘要(中)

過去許多研究指出，基樁受拉拔時之樁身摩擦力約為受壓時的50%。顯示基樁之受力機制在受到承壓與拉拔荷載影響時有明顯差異。因此本研究欲進ㄧ步以離心機模型樁載重試驗探討在不同長徑比下，基樁受壓與受拉時承載力與摩擦力之差異，試驗首先進行不同長徑比之樁在乾砂中之極限承壓與拉拔承載力試驗，藉以討論基樁在達到極限破壞時承壓與拉拔行為之差異以及極限荷載的大小與長徑比之關係。爾後再以單一樁徑進行工作荷載下反覆壓、拉樁載重試驗，總計進行五次循環作用，探討工作荷載下壓樁與拉樁循環作用的軸力與摩擦力之變化。依據試驗所得結果在極限破壞的狀況下，拉拔與承壓之承載力百分比隨長徑比的減少由63 %降至38 %，摩擦力百分比則由85 %降至62 %，而反覆壓、拉樁載重試驗結果得到基樁拉拔與承壓百分比值約在52 %~46 %間，承壓的摩擦阻抗無論在極限破壞或是工作荷載下皆大於拉拔的摩擦阻抗。

摘要(英)

This study conducted a series of centrifuge model test to discuss the mechanism of the pile subjected to compressive and tensile loadings, and three different slender ratios of piles with the same embedded length were designed in the test. During the test, the model pile was first driven into the dry sand at 1g condition, and then an artificial gravity of 80g was applied in the centrifuge to simulate a full-scale prototype situation. Subsequently, two kinds of loading conditions were performed - monotonic loading and cyclic loading, and the differences of ultimate capacity, skin friction and end-bearing between the pile subjected to compressive and tensile loadings could be observed by measuring the axial force along the pile. From the results, the smaller the slender ratio, the smaller the skin friction ratio of tension to compression, the quantity of which ranges between 85 to 62% at ultimate state of monotonic loading. In cyclic loading test, the skin friction ratio of tension to compression gradually decreased from 52% to 46%. Besides, the pile skin friction in compressive condition is always larger than the one in tensile condition.

關鍵字(中)

★ 樁載重試驗
★ 摩擦力
★ 砂土
★ 模型試驗
★ 拉力樁
★ 壓力樁

關鍵字(英)

★ pile load test
★ friction
★ sand
★ model test
★ tensile pile
★ compressive pile

論文目次

中文摘要.......................................I
英文摘要......................................II
目錄..........................................III
表目錄..........................................V
圖目錄.........................................VI
第一章緒論.......................................1
1-1 研究動機與目的................................1
1-2 研究方法與流程................................2
1-3 論文架構......................................3
第二章文獻回顧...................................5
2-1 現地基樁載重試驗..............................5
2-2基樁承壓之行為與機制...........................7
2-2-1受力機制.....................................7
2-2-2承載力理論...................................8
2-3基樁拉拔之行為與機制..........................15
2-3-1受力機制....................................15
2-3-2拉拔承載力理論..............................16
2-4基樁與土壤之界面摩擦行為......................20
2-4-1樁徑在摩擦行為之影響........................20
2-4-2側向土壓力係數在摩擦行為之影響..............22
2-5基樁承壓與抗拉之差異..........................23
2-6離心機模型試驗原理............................31
2-6-1離心模型之基本相似律........................31
2-6-2離心模型試驗之模型模擬......................32
2-6-3以離心模型試驗進行模型樁載重文獻研究........36
第三章離心機模型試驗............................40
3-1試驗規劃與設計................................40
3-2試驗土樣及其基本性質..........................40
3-3試驗儀器設備..................................42
3-4試驗方法與步驟................................57
3-4-1試體製作....................................57
3-4-2樁土界面直接剪力試驗........................60
3-4-3模型基樁載重試驗............................63
第四章試驗結果與分析............................69
4-1試驗分析與貫樁準備............................69
4-2極限承壓試驗..................................73
4-3極限拉拔試驗..................................88
4-4綜合分析與討論................................97
4-4循環工作載重試驗.............................110
第五章結論與建議...............................139
5-1 結論........................................139
5-2 建議........................................142
參考文獻........................................143

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指導教授

李崇正、黃俊鴻
(Chung-Jung Lee、Jin-Hung Hwang)

審核日期

2008-1-28

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