鎂鋁鋅合金時效析出相變之分析

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姓名

林榮輝(Rong-Hui Lin) 查詢紙本館藏

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機械工程學系

論文名稱

鎂鋁鋅合金時效析出相變之分析
(The study of the phase transformation of artificial aged Mg-Al-Zn alloys.)

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摘要(中)

本研究主要探討時效處理溫度及預壓縮變形參數對鎂-鋁系合金材料性質的影響，實驗中採用A61、AZ80以及AZ91三種材料，於固溶處理後各施加0%、0.2%及2%的預壓縮變形參數，接著對各試片進行140℃及212℃的時效處理，藉由材料平均硬度及耐蝕性變化，分析探討合金成份、析出物形態及析出物密度對材料硬度及耐蝕性的影響。
鎂-鋁合金只有一種穩定析出相Mg17Al12，但該析出相卻具有連續型與非連續型兩種不同的形態，且各具不同的性質。實驗結果發現，AZ61由於析出物量甚少，因而不同溫度與變形條件對其時效處理後的材料性質影響不大。212℃時效處理後，AZ80與AZ91則由於晶粒大小差異，造成析出形態的不同，其中AZ91多數形成連續型析出物，而AZ80則多數形成非連續型析出物。藉由預壓縮變形處理，可使AZ80內形成較多量的連續型析出物，亦可幫助AZ91內的析出物密度增高，而提升材料形質。
140℃時效處理後，AZ80與未經預壓縮變形的AZ91試片硬度略微提升，而腐蝕損耗率則與時效時間成正比；預壓縮變形後的AZ91經140℃時效處理後，硬度會提升甚多，而其腐蝕損耗率則會與時效時間成反比。

摘要(英)

The experimental materials are AZ61, AZ80 and AZ91. After solution treatment, the specimens are strained with 0%, 0.2% and 2% compression, then the specimens are aged at 140℃ and 212℃. The hardness and the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys are affected by the mode, the quantity of precipitates and the alloy components.
There are two modes of Mg17Al12 precipitate, continuous and discontinuous. Each mode has different properties. The experimental results show that:
1. After aging treatment at 212℃, the
precipitates in AZ91 are mainly continuous
mode, but in AZ80 are mainly discontinuous
precipitates.
2. Compared with the specimens after aging
treatment at 212℃, the hardness and corrosion
resistance of AZ80 and AZ91 would raise with
pre-strain treatment.
3. After aging treatment at 140℃, the corrosion
resistance of all AZ80 and non-strained AZ91
specimens would decrease with increasing the
aging time, but the hardness are almost the
same.
4. After aging treatment at 140℃ for a long
time, the hardness and the corrosion
resistance of AZ91 could increase largely with
pre-strain treatment.

關鍵字(中)

★ 時效
★ 連續型析出物
★ 非連續型析出物
★ 預壓縮變形

關鍵字(英)

★ continuous precipitate
★ aging
★ pre-strain
★ discontinuous precipitate

論文目次

總目錄--------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅰ
表目錄--------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅳ
圖目錄--------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅴ
第一章前言-------------------------------------------------------------1
第二章文獻回顧---------------------------------------------------------2
2-1 鎂合金材料簡介---------------------------------------------------2
2-2 鎂資源及其製造------------------------------------------2
2-3 鎂合金材料特性------------------------------------------3
2-4 鎂合金的分類--------------------------------------------4
2-5 合金元素的影響------------------------------------------4
第三章理論探討---------------------------------------------------------7
3-1 鎂的六方最密堆積(Hexagonal Close-Packed)晶格結構簡介-------------7
3-2 顆粒強化理論--------------------------------------------8
3-3 一般合金材料析出硬化熱處理步驟（T6處理）----------------8
3-4 析出物造成的強化作用------------------------------------9
3-5 時效處理參數的影響-------------------------------------10
3-6 鎂合金之析出行為---------------------------------------10
3-7 鎂-鋁(-鋅)系合金析出物---------------------------------11
3-7.1 非連續型析出物-----------------------------------12
3-7.2 連續型析出物-------------------------------------12
3-8 鎂-鋁(-鋅)系合金與鋁合金時效強化的機制-----------------13
3-9 鎂合金之熱處理-----------------------------------------14
3-9.1 固溶及時效處理條件-------------------------------14
3-9.2 影響熱處理之主要因素-----------------------------14
3-9.3 保護氣氛-----------------------------------------15
3-9.4 熱處理設備及製程---------------------------------15
3-10 熱處理對鎂合金性質的影響-------------------------------16
3-11 雙晶結構介紹-------------------------------------------16
3-12 冷加工對時效析出行為的影響-----------------------------18
第四章實驗方法與步驟--------------------------------------------------20
4-1 實驗材料--------------------------------------------------------20
4-2 試片準備-----------------------------------------------20
4-3 實驗儀器設備-------------------------------------------20
4-3.1 高溫爐-------------------------------------------20
4-3.2 光學顯微鏡---------------------------------------21
4-3.3 維氏硬度測試器-----------------------------------21
4-3.4 掃描式電子顯微鏡（SEM）--------------------------21
4-3.5 精密天平-----------------------------------------21
4-4 實驗步驟-----------------------------------------------21
4-4.1 固溶處理-----------------------------------------21
4-4.2 預壓縮變形處理-----------------------------------22
4-4.3 時效處理-----------------------------------------22
4-5 金相製作及觀察-----------------------------------------22
4-5.1 試片製作-----------------------------------------22
4-5.2 腐蝕液配方---------------------------------------23
4-6 鹽水腐蝕測---------------------------------------------23
第五章結果與討論------------------------------------------------------24
5-1 固溶處理與預壓縮變形後之鎂合金材料性質--------------------------25
5-2 高溫（212℃）時效處理對鎂合金之影響--------------------26
5-2-1 高溫時效處理對鎂合金AZ61的影響-------------------26
5-2-2 高溫時效處理對鎂合金AZ80的影響-------------------27
5-2-3 高溫時效處理對鎂合金AZ91的影響-------------------28
5-2-4 高溫時效處理對鎂合金材料硬度變異綜論--------------------------------29
5-3 低溫時效處理(140℃)對鎂合金之影響----------------------31
5-3-1 低溫時效處理對鎂合金AZ61的影響-------------------32
5-3-2 低溫時效處理對鎂合金AZ80的影響-------------------32
5-3-2 低溫時效處理對鎂合金AZ91的影響-------------------33
5-3-4 低溫時效處理對鎂合金硬度變異綜論-----------------33
5-4 時效處理對鎂合金耐蝕性的影響---------------------------35
5-4-1 高溫(212℃)時效處理對AZ80耐蝕性的影響------------35
5-4-2 高溫(212℃)時效處理對AZ91耐蝕性的影響------------36
5-4-3 低溫(140℃)時效處理對AZ80耐蝕性的影響------------36
5-4-4 低溫(140℃)時效處理對AZ91耐蝕性的影響------------37
5-4-5 綜論時效處理對鎂合金的耐蝕性影響-----------------38
5-4-5.1 固溶態的AZ80、AZ91耐蝕性差異---------38
5-4-5.2 高溫時效處理後的材料耐蝕性差異-------39
5-4-5.3 低溫時效處理後的材料耐蝕性差異-------40
5-4-5.4 綜論時效處理對AZ80、AZ91的耐蝕性影響-41
第六章結論-------------------------------------------------------------42
參考文獻------------------------------------------------------------------43
附錄：AZ80試片經212℃時效處理後之析出物分布形態---------------------------92

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指導教授

施登士(Teng-Shih Shih)

審核日期

2002-7-17

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