逆向工程之曲面連續性理論與曲面模型自動化重建技術發展

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姓名

蔡耀震(Yao-Chen Tsai) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

機械工程學系

論文名稱

逆向工程之曲面連續性理論與曲面模型自動化重建技術發展
(Development of Surface Continuity Theory and Automatic Surface Reconstruction Technique in Reverse Engineering)

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摘要(中)

逆向工程為一種由實物模型重建CAD模型的技術，已廣泛應用於工業界。由於產品造型變化極大，逆向重建手法繁瑣，同樣的產品往往會因為各人經驗多寡而使得重建結果不一致，影響到重建的品質及效率。本研究針對逆向重建中最困難的部份之一－曲面連續性問題，深入探討連續性理論及發展曲面間平滑且連續接合的技術，並開發逆向工程中網格、曲線及曲面等關鍵技術，協助曲面模型重建技術的提升。進一步將產品造型依照幾何特性歸納整理，分類為簡易造型、複雜造型及連續造型，配合上述逆向技術演算法開發，提出此三種造型的建構流程及範例說明，使逆向重建手法程序化，提升模型重建品質及效率。最後，整合本研究發展的各項技術，發展出曲面模型自動化重建技術，自動重建出具有連續性特徵的完整CAD模型，實現造型產品的自動化快速逆向重建。
　　本研究所發展的各項技術具體說明如下：網格特徵分離技術，以幾何特徵分離出獨立的網格區塊；從網格上擷取出順序性的點資料，發展多種曲線嵌合技術；發展曲面連續性縫合理論，使得曲面接合邊界能達到G0、G1或G2連續；將連續性理論與曲面嵌合理論結合，提出曲面連續性嵌合演算法；結合上述各項技術，發展出曲面模型自動化重建技術，快速重建出完整的CAD模型。

摘要(英)

Reverse engineering, a technique to reconstruct the CAD model from the three-dimensional data of an object, has been widely used in industry. Traditional reverse engineering process mainly relies on manual operation to rebuild the CAD model. Owing to the complexity and variability of the shape of industrial products, the CAD model reconstructed generally varies in terms of the experience and skills of the operators. This study focuses on the investigation of the most difficult problem in reverse engineering－surface continuity. The issues related to the theory, technique and application of surface continuity in reverse engineering are investigated, and the key techniques of processing triangular meshes, curves and surfaces for successful surface reconstruction are developed. The products are typically classified into the following three types in accordance with their shape: simple shape, complicated shape and continuous shape. Different surface reconstruction methods for the above three types of shapes are developed to enhance the quality of the surface model and to promote the efficiency of the surface reconstruction process. Moreover, several examples are presented to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed methods. In addition, an automatic surface reconstruction process is presented to rebuild a model of B-spline surfaces from a huge number of triangular meshes, which can change traditional reverse engineering process tremendously as the entire process is almost done automatically.
　　The techniques developed in this study can specifically be classified into the following five topics: data segmentation for the partition of the triangular meshes, five kinds of curve fitting algorithms to fit points into curves, surface stitching technique for G0, G1 and G2 continuity between two surfaces, surface fitting algorithm of random points with four boundary curves and continuity information from adjacent surfaces, and a novel method for automatic surface reconstruction from a huge number of triangular meshes.

關鍵字(中)

★ 網格特徵分離
★ 曲線嵌合
★ 曲面曲率縫合
★ 曲面連續性嵌合
★ 曲面模型自動化重建

關鍵字(英)

★ data segmentation for triangular meshes
★ curve fitting
★ G2 continuity surface stitching
★ continuity surface fitting
★ automatic surface reconstruction

論文目次

摘要　I
ABSTRACT　II
致謝　IV
目錄　V
圖目錄　X
表目錄　XX
第一章　緒論　1
1-1　前言　1
1-1-1　逆向工程的流程與技術　2
1-1-2　逆向工程常見的問題　14
1-2　文獻回顧　16
1-3　研究目的與方法　22
1-4　論文架構　28
第二章　網格資料特徵分離　30
2-1　前言　30
2-2　特徵分離流程　32
2-3　計算網格頂點特徵值　34
2-3-1　網格頂點之法向量方向　35
2-3-2　網格頂點特徵值　40
2-4　設定閾值定義特徵區域　42
2-5　合併雜訊區域　46
2-6　網格分離　48
2-7　範例　50
2-8　結論　52
第三章　曲線嵌合與縫合技術　53
3-1　前言　53
3-2　嵌合點資料的取得　54
3-3　各種曲線嵌合方法　59
3-3-1　平滑曲線嵌合　64
3-3-2　曲線延伸嵌合　67
3-3-3　封閉曲線嵌合　71
3-3-4　曲線連續性嵌合　72
3-4　曲線縫合　76
3-5　結論　78
第四章　曲面縫合技術探討　80
4-1　前言　80
4-2　B-SPLINE曲面與剪切曲面的定義　82
4-3　曲面位置連續的邊界條件　87
4-3-1　B-spline曲面縫合至B-spline曲面　87
4-3-2　B-spline曲面縫合至剪切曲面　91
4-4　曲面斜率連續的邊界條件　93
4-4-1　B-spline曲面縫合至B-spline曲面　93
4-4-2　B-spline曲面縫合至剪切曲面　104
4-5　曲面曲率連續的邊界條件　111
4-5-1　空間曲線與曲面之曲率　111
4-5-2　B-spline曲面縫合至B-spline曲面　114
4-5-3　B-spline曲面縫合至剪切曲面　125
4-6　連續性條件分類與探討　131
4-6-1　B-spline曲面縫合至B-spline曲面　131
4-6-2　B-spline曲面縫合至剪切曲面　137
4-7　結論　150
第五章　曲面連續性嵌合　153
5-1　前言　153
5-2　基底曲面與初始參數化　157
5-3　最小平方誤差函數及平滑函數　158
5-4　連續性拘束方程式　161
5-5　含邊界連續性拘束之曲面嵌合　166
5-6　範例與分析　169
5-7　結論　175
第六章　自動化曲面模型重建技術　177
6-1　前言　177
6-2　自動化建面流程　177
6-3　架構線自動規劃　180
6-4　依曲線分離網格並建立曲面模型拓撲結構　185
6-5　計算曲面邊界斜率及曲率連續性資料　188
6-6　曲面連續性嵌合　191
6-7　結論　197
第七章　範例　200
7-1　前言　200
7-2　範例一：電話話筒　200
7-3　範例二：汽車引擎蓋鈑金　205
7-4　範例三：膝關節骨頭　210
7-5　範例四：高爾夫球頭　213
7-6　範例五：運動鞋空氣袋　217
7-7　結論　224
第八章　結論與未來展望　225
8-1　結論　225
8-2　未來展望　228
參考文獻　230
蔡耀震　簡歷　238

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指導教授

賴景義(Jiing-Yih Lai)

審核日期

2009-1-6

推文