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姓名 施昱安(Yu-an Shih)  查詢紙本館藏   畢業系所 土木工程學系
論文名稱 基樁負摩擦力之數值模擬
(Numerical analysis of negative skin friction in pile foundations)
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摘要(中) 本研究利用FLAC2D有限差分軟體,觀察土壤受壓密沉陷時,對基樁所產生的負摩擦力影響。模型土層之上層為軟弱黏土層,下層為承載卵礫石層。基樁承載採軸對稱分析模式,分別探討摩擦與點承兩種型式基樁之負摩擦力行為,並釐清不同的加載模式和承載條件彼此相互影響的關係。
研究結果發現,負摩擦力大小與中立點位置和樁、土間之相對位移有很大的關係,增加載重大小或加載面積造成的樁身沉陷量與下拉力(dragload)皆會變大,使中立點往下移動。若在相同條件下改變摩擦樁長,則只有樁身沉陷量會改變,土壤沉陷大小幾乎相同。點承樁與摩擦樁相比,中立點位置較靠近樁底,樁身沉陷小而造成之下拉力大,須考慮樁材強度是否足夠。
改變承載與壓縮層土層勁度比,發現在10倍勁度比內,沉陷量隨著勁度比提高而減少,下拉力增加;而超過10倍之勁度比後即無明顯變化發生。若改變地表荷重(surcharge)與樁頭荷載之加載先後順序,以先加地表荷重再加樁頭荷載的下拉力值較小,而此兩種方式之最終沉陷量差異不大,故可作為降低下拉力大小之方法之一。
摘要(英) This research uses finite difference program FLAC2D to observe negative skin friction behavior of a single pile. The numerical soil model consists of two layer soils, the upper compressible soft clay and the lower gravel bearing layer. The aim of this research is to find the differences of negative friction behavior between friction and end-bearing piles, and to clarify the influences of different loading patterns and bearing conditions.
The result shows that the downdrag force of a pile and neutral point location depend on the relative displacement in the interface of pile and soil. Increasing loading magnitude and area will cause more dragload and settlement, while the neutral point moves down in the meantime. Compared with friction pile, end-bearing pile has more dragload and smaller settlement, it is necessary to check the buckling potential of pile material.
By varying the stiffness ratio between compressible and bearing layers, the larger the stiffness of bearing layer, the less the pile settlement and the more the pile dragload within 10 times stiffness ratio, but there is no obvious variation when the stiffness ratio is greater than 10. Moreover, applying axial loading then surcharge will have larger dragload than the reverse loading sequence but with similar pile settlement. Therefore, changing loading sequence might be chosen to be one of the ways to reduce dragload.
關鍵字(中) ★ FLAC
★ 樁
★ 負摩擦力
★ 數值分析
關鍵字(英) ★ piles
★ negative skin friction
★ numerical analysis
★ FLAC
論文目次 目錄
摘要...............I
ABSTRACT...............II
目錄...............V
圖目錄...............VIII
表目錄...............XIV
第一章 緒論...............1
1.1 前言...............1
1.2 研究動機與目的...............2
1.3 研究方法...............3
1.4 論文架構...............3
第二章 文獻回顧...............4
2.1 負摩擦力現象及影響...............4
2.2 基樁負摩擦力之推求...............7
2.2.1 中立點位置的決定...............7
2.2.2 單樁負摩擦力之估計...............10
2.3 基樁遇負摩擦力之對策...............13
2.4 基樁負摩擦力之文獻回顧...............15
2.4.1 現地試驗法...............15
2.4.2 室內模型試驗法...............21
2.4.3 數值分析法...............23
第三章 研究方法...............26
3.1 FLAC2D軟體簡介...............26
3.2 數值分析基本假設與條件...............27
3.3 建立數值分析模型...............29
3.4 分析之邊界條件...............30
3.5 材料參數之選取...............33
3.6 界面元素...............34
第四章 分析結果與討論...............38
4.1 數值模型正確性驗證...............38
4.2 摩擦樁受負摩擦力之行為...............46
4.2.1 樁身長度對摩擦樁沉陷量之影響...............46
4.2.2 樁身長度對摩擦樁下拉力之影響...............53
4.2.3 地表荷重對摩擦樁沉陷量的影響...............58
4.2.4 地表荷重對摩擦樁下拉力的影響...............61
4.3 點承樁受負摩擦力之行為...............64
4.3.1 加載面積與大小對點承樁沉陷量的影響...............66
4.3.2 加載面積與大小對點承樁下拉力的影響...............76
4.4 壓縮土層與承載層勁度比之差異...............81
4.5 點承樁貫入深度的影響...............86
4.6 樁身載重與地表荷重加載順序之影響...............89
4.7 層狀土層中負摩擦力之發展...............93
第五章 結論與建議...............96
5.1 結論...............96
5.2 建議...............98
參考文獻...............99
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指導教授 黃俊鴻(Jin-hung Hwang) 審核日期 2009-10-21
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