Mg-Ni儲氫合金之研究

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許哲瑋(Che-Wei Hsu) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

機械工程學系

論文名稱

Mg-Ni儲氫合金之研究

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摘要(中)

由於傳統能源消耗日益增加，環境汙染問題也日趨嚴重，許多國家已積極進行新能源之開發，氫能應用也隨之受到重視，從產氫、儲氫、氫輸送至氫能應用等，世界各國均投入相當的人力與物力，其目的在尋求一高效率與低污染之氫能利用方式，本研究即著重於氫氣儲存領域的研究與開發，而在各種氫氣儲存方式研究中，金屬氫化物具有體積小、質量密度高、操作壓力低與安全性高等優點，因此被視為氫氣儲存領域之重點研究課題。其中，Mg基儲氫合金因具有儲氫量高、質量輕、原料成本低廉之優點而被視為相當有潛力之儲氫合金系統，但由於Mg蒸氣壓大，且Mg（649℃）與在儲氫應用上所需搭配之元素如Ni（1455℃）、Cu（1085℃）等元素其熔點差異甚大，因此傳統熔煉法無法成功熔配出大量高純度Mg基儲氫合金，如Mg2Ni、Mg2Cu等。因此本研究分為兩部分，第一部分研究著重於高純度Mg2Ni儲氫合金新製程開發研究，改良傳統熔煉法之缺點，利用本實驗室所開發之新製程恆IECP（專利申請中），製備高純度Mg2Ni儲氫合金。第二部分則利用IECP法所製備之Mg2Ni儲氫合金，觀察其外觀結構與微結構變化，並進行不同溫度下之吸放氫性質測試。

摘要(英)

In recent years, there has been a dramatic research concerned with metal hydrides. Metal hydrides offer a safe alternative to storage in compressed or liquid form. Moreover, metal hydrides have the highest volumetric capacity of storage. In this point, the A2B type compound Mg2Ni is considered as one of the interesting hydrogen absorbing materials with its low weight, abundance on the earth’s crust and high hydrogen storage capacity of 3.6 mass％. However, it is thought to be impossible to produce pure Mg2Ni directly by conventional melting because of the large difference melting point and the high vapor pressure of Mg. In this paper, we propose a useful methods IECP to fabricate pure Mg2Ni. Furthermore, the microstructure of pure Mg2Ni will be observed and the storage performances obtained with pure Mg2Ni under different temperatures are reported.

關鍵字(中)

★ 儲氫合金

關鍵字(英)

★ metal hydride
★ mg2ni

論文目次

中文摘要..................................................I
英文摘要.................................................II
謝誌................................................III
總目錄.................................................IV
圖目錄.................................................VI
表目錄...............................................VIII
一、前言與文獻回顧......................................1
1.1儲氫合金吸放氫原理介紹...............................1
1.2儲氫合金種類介紹.....................................5
1.3 Mg2Ni與Mg-Ni儲氫合金基本性質介紹....................6
1.4 Mg2Ni與Mg-Ni儲氫合金常用製備方法及其特性介紹........9
1.4.1機械合金法.......................................9
1.4.2感應熔煉法（Induction Melting）.................13
1.4.3真空甩帶法（Melt-Spinning）.....................15
1.4.4電弧熔煉法（Arc Melting）...................... 16
1.4.5滾壓退火法......................................17
1.4.6燃燒合成法......................................17
1.4.7 RCM............................................19
1.5儲放氫分析儀運作原理................................22
二、實驗方法...........................................25
2.1實驗目的與流程..................................... 25
2.2傳統熔煉法與IECP法..................................26
2.2.1熔配成分說明....................................26
2.2.2IECP法優點......................................28
2.2.3傳統熔煉法流程..................................29
2.3巨觀與微觀結構觀察..................................30
2.3.1外觀觀察........................................30
2.3.2金相觀察........................................30
2.3.3 XRD測試........................................30
2.3.4 EPMA測試.......................................30
2.4吸放氫性質觀察......................................31
2.4.1活化速率測試....................................33
2.4.2吸氫速率測試與吸放氫過程溫度變化觀察............33
2.4.3 PCI測試........................................33
三、結果與討論.........................................34
3.1 傳統熔煉法製備Mg-Xwt.％Ni（X=54.6、49）合金........34
3.2 IECP法製備Mg2Ni儲氫合金............................37
3.2.1 Mg2Ni外觀觀察..................................37
3.2.2 Mg2Ni XRD分析..................................38
3.2.3金相觀察與EPMA分析..............................39
3.3 Mg2Ni吸放氫性質....................................41
3.3.1初始活化時間測試................................41
3.3.2吸氫速率測試....................................42
3.3.3吸放氫過程溫度變化觀察..........................43
3.3.4 PCI測試........................................47
四、結論...............................................51
五、未來研究方向........................................52
六、參考文獻............................................53

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指導教授

李勝隆(Sheng-Long Lee)

審核日期

2006-7-20

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