電解水產氫效率之參數分析

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姓名

黃柏升(Po-Sheng Huang) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

機械工程學系

論文名稱

電解水產氫效率之參數分析
(Study on efficiency of water electrolysis)

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摘要(中)

氫氣在釋放能量的過程中，沒有二氧化碳等溫室氣體的產出，相當具有發展潛力，而電解水產氫(water electrolysis)是目前產生氫氣常用的方法，擁有高效能、產生氫氣純度高、使用便利等特色。
本文利用白金電極並以玻璃U型管為電解槽，強鹼性KOH為電解質溶液，固定輸入電量進行電解水實驗的參數探討，各種工作參數如電解質濃度、電流密度、溫度對所需電壓之影響，找出較佳電解值濃度，以改善電解水產氫的效率。
實驗結果顯示提昇溫度對電解效率的影響很大，溫度由27℃至75℃，每提昇25℃電解效率就增加5~6%。實驗前預估白金電催化效果與電解液離子傳輸現象隨著溫度而有所不同，較佳濃度會隨著不同溫度而有所改變，實驗結果並未顯示出明顯的差異，較佳電解質濃度不隨著溫度而改變，較佳KOH濃度仍為30%。

摘要(英)

During the process of releasing energy, hydrogen produce no green-house-effect gas and has a potential as a energy carrier in the future. Among the methods of hydrogen production, water electrolysis has many advantages, such as high efficiency, high purity in producing hydrogen, easy in use, etc., and thus become one of popular methods.
In this study, we use platinum electrodes and modified experimental set-up to study the effects of working parameters, such as concentration of electrolyte, current, voltage, and the time on the efficiency of electrolysis. Based on the data recorded by AUTOLAB power supply and the energy consumed through electrolysis, we can find out the optimum parameters for water electrolysis to improve the hydrogen production efficiency of water electrolysis.
The results of experiment show that temperature greatly affects the electrolysis efficiency. Each increase of 25℃ gives electrolysis efficiency raising about 5% to 6% from 27℃ to 75℃. Before experiment, I predict that electrocatalytic of Pt and ion transfer of electrolyte would differ from temperature. It’s also found that the relation between temperatures with better concentrations for better electrolysis efficiency is so week and in most conditions the better concentration of KOH is 30%.

關鍵字(中)

★ 電解水
★ 產氫
★ 定電流密度

關鍵字(英)

★ constant current density
★ hydrogen production
★ water electrolysis

論文目次

摘要 I
Abstract II
目錄III
表目錄 VII
圖目錄VIII
符號說明X
第一章緒論1
1-1 前言1
1-2 電解水產氫介紹3
1-3 電解水產氫實驗文獻回顧4
1-4 電解水產氫數值模擬文獻回顧6
1-5 研究動機與目的7
第二章理論基礎9
2-1 電解水反應9
2-2 法拉第電解定律10
2-3 過電位11
2-3-1 活化過電位11
2-3-2 濃度過電位12
2-3-3 歐姆過電位13
2-4 塔弗方程式14
2-5 溫度影響反應速率14
2-6 自由能15
2-7 效率計算16
2-7-1 法拉第效率F ε 17
2-7-2 電解效率ε 18
2-7-3 熱力學效率T ε 18
2-7-4 能量效率E ε 19
2-8 線性掃描伏安法20
第三章實驗裝置與步驟21
3-1 實驗簡述21
3-2 實驗裝置與材料21
3-2-1 白金電極21
3-2-2 電解U 型管22
3-2-3 KOH 氫氧化鉀23
3-3 實驗儀器23
3-3-1 導電度量測器23
3-3-2 恆電位儀23
3-3-3 恆溫加熱器24
3-3-4 磁石攪拌平台25
3-4 實驗步驟25
3-5 實驗注意事項26
第四章結果與討論27
4-1 定電流實驗27
4-2 固定電量實驗優缺點討論28
4-3 溫度27oC，比較電流密度29
4-4 溫度27oC，比較電解質濃度31
4-5 增加溫度對電解效率的效益32
4-6 文獻比較33
第五章結論與建議35
5-1 結論35
5-2 未來研究方向與建議37
參考文獻38
附錄41
I 焓電壓理論預測41
II 凡得瓦狀態方程式42
表43
圖47

參考文獻

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指導教授

洪勵吾(Lih-Wu Hourng)

審核日期

2008-1-29

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