分流擠型和微量Sc對Al-5.6Mg-0.7Mn合金微結構及熱加工性之影響

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陳建瑋(Chien-wei Chen) 查詢紙本館藏

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機械工程學系

論文名稱

分流擠型和微量Sc對Al-5.6Mg-0.7Mn合金微結構及熱加工性之影響
(Effects of cross-channel extrusion process and scandium on microstructure and mechanical properties of the Al-5.6Mg-0.7Mn alloys)

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摘要(中)

分流擠型(cross-channel extrusion process，CCEP)為本實驗室自行開發之等截面劇烈加工製程，本製程除保有等通道轉角擠型(equal channel angular extrusion，ECAE)等截面加工之特色外，亦能連續加工至指定道次再將材料取出，具有累積應變均勻散佈第二相之效果，因而製造極細晶粒(ultra-fine grain，UFG)材料。
本研究擬於Al-5.6Mg-0.7Mn合金中添加微量(0.3wt.%)Sc元素，鑄造時即能形成細小且均勻散佈之Al3Sc相，期望藉由自行開發之分流擠型來產生細晶且具高溫穩定之微結構，並於高溫下測試其超塑性以評估含Sc之Al-5.6Mg-0.7Mn之熱加工性。
結果顯示合金經分流擠型於300℃下擠製六道次，能獲得晶粒尺寸為1~2μm之細晶微結構，且大幅提升機械性質。含0.3wt.%Sc合金中會產生L12結構之Al3Sc相，能有效抑制再結晶並提高合金之熱穩定性，於500℃下退火一小時仍維持等軸細小之再結晶晶粒，且經分流擠型擠製六道次，於450℃、應變速率為1x10-1s-1下進行高溫拉伸能獲得最大伸長量為873%。

摘要(英)

Cross-channel extrusion (CCE) is a new method which is designed to improve the process of manufacturing a bulk fine-grained material. The material can be deformed in the cross-shaped channel repeatedly without removing during extrusion time. The CCE process is potentially appropriate for industry application because of its continuing working ability.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of CCE process and scandium on microstructure and mechanical properties of the Al-5.6Mg-0.7Mn alloys.
The result indicate that Al-5.6Mg-0.7Mn alloys with and without 0.3wt.% Sc after extrusion 6 passes at 300 ℃, fine-grained structures were observed with grain sizes of 1~2 μm and improvement of mechanical properties. Addition of Sc to Al-5.6Mg-0.7Mn alloys resulted in a uniform distribution of fine coherent Al3Sc precipitates which effectively pinned grain boundary to obtained equiaxed and fine grain after annealing 1hr at 500 ℃. The maximum elongation to failure of 873% was achieved at 450 ℃ and initial strain rate of 1x10-1 s-1 in an Al-5.6Mg-0.7Mn-0.3Sc alloy extruded by CCEP 6 passes at 300 ℃.

關鍵字(中)

★ 分流擠型
★ 鋁鎂合金
★ 超塑性

關鍵字(英)

★ cross-channel extrusion process
★ Al-Mg alloy
★ superplasticity

論文目次

中文摘要..........................................................i
英文摘要.........................................................ii
誌謝........................................................iii
總目錄.........................................................iv
圖目錄........................................................vii
表目錄.........................................................ix
一、前言...............................................1
1.1 Al-Mg合金簡介......................................1
1.2 超塑性.............................................1
1.2.1 細晶超塑性.........................................2
1.2.2 內應力超塑性.......................................2
1.3 Sc對鋁合金之影響...................................3
1.3.1 晶粒細化...........................................3
1.3.2 抑制再結晶.........................................4
1.3.3 提高超塑性.........................................4
1.4 加工方式...........................................5
1.4.1 累積軋延結合(accumulative roll bonding)............5
1.4.2 往復式擠型(reciprocating extrusion)................5
1.4.3 等通道轉角擠型(equal channel angular extrusion，
ECAE)..............................................6
1.4.4 分流擠型(cross channel extrusion process，CCEP)....7
1.5 實驗目的與設計.....................................8
二、實驗步驟與方法.....................................9
2.1 合金配置、分流擠型與退火處理.......................9
2.1.1 合金配製與成分分析.................................9
2.1.2 分流擠型...........................................9
2.1.3 退火處理...........................................9
2.2 微結構分析........................................11
2.2.1 金相觀察(OM)......................................11
2.2.2 穿透式電子顯微鏡觀察(TEM).........................11
2.3 機械性質分析......................................11
2.3.1 硬度試驗..........................................11
2.3.2 常溫拉伸試驗......................................11
2.3.3 高溫拉伸試驗......................................12
2.3.4 拉伸試片觀察......................................12
三、結果與討論........................................14
3.1 微結構分析........................................14
3.1.1 鑄態及擠製後金相觀察..............................14
3.1.2 穿透式電子顯微鏡觀察..............................18
3.1.3 退火金相觀察......................................19
3.2 機械性質分析......................................21
3.2.1 硬度試驗..........................................21
3.2.1.1 鑄態及CCEP擠製....................................21
3.2.1.2 退火處理..........................................22
3.2.2 常溫拉伸試驗......................................24
3.2.3 高溫拉伸試驗......................................24
四、結論..............................................34
五、未來研究方向......................................35
六、參考文獻..........................................36

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指導教授

李勝隆(Sheng-long Lee)

審核日期

2008-7-16

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