應用固定式機車駕駛模擬器探討酒精濃度對騎士煞車反應時間之影響

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田文肇(Wun-jhao Tian) 查詢紙本館藏

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機械工程學系

論文名稱

應用固定式機車駕駛模擬器探討酒精濃度對騎士煞車反應時間之影響
(Study on the Effect of Alcohol Concentration on Brake Reaction Times of Riders with Static Motorcycle Riding Simulator)

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摘要(中)

在近幾年裡，台灣都市地區的交通密度、開車的限制和花費逐漸增加，導致使用兩輪交通工具的人數逐漸增加。根據交通部統計處資料顯示，民國95年涉入A2類車禍中的機車數每萬輛機車有1,078輛，而在國內目前所關切之酒醉駕駛方面，從民國93至95年A1類交通事故件數中酒醉(後)駕駛肇事件數所占的比例越來越高，而取締酒後駕駛案件數更是居高不下，顯示國內機車車禍問題確實相當嚴重。
本研究以固定式機車模擬器配合虛擬道路場景，將無法在實際道路上進行的實驗的駕車情境，於安全環境下進行實驗，探討機車騎士對於道路上突發事件的煞車反應時間，並針對未飲酒、呼氣酒精濃度0.15 mg/l和呼氣酒精濃度0.25 mg/l的情況下，探討酒精對機車騎士的煞車反應時間之影響。
結果顯示，煞車反應時間會受到酒精、性別、煞車預備動作、左右手和單手或是雙手操作煞車的影響。而在呼氣酒精濃度為0.15mg/l和0.25mg/l的情況下，受測者的剎車反應時間皆比在未飲酒的情況下高，也就是說喝酒會讓受測者對於突發事件的剎車反應時間變長，增加可能發生事故的機率。

摘要(英)

In recent years, the urban traffic density and the rising constraints and costs supported by car drivers caused an increase of the use of two wheeled vehicles in Taiwan. Base on the department of statistics of MOTC reported in 2006, there are 1078 of every ten thousand motorcycles in A2 traffic accident. And after riding while intoxicated, the amount of motorcycle accidents in A1 traffic accident get more and more from 2004 to 2006. The data show that the motorcycle accident problem is quite serious.
The study integrates the static motorcycle riding simulator and technologies of virtual reality (VR) to develop a VR system for measuring brake reaction time of motorcycle riders. The VR system that can simulate the actual riding scene lets motorcycle rider experiment in a safety condition. The study examined the estimation of influences on riding while intoxicated (breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) 0.15 mg/l and 0.25 mg/l) upon motorcycle riders, a test was taken to examine the brake reaction times of the sudden accident on the road.
The results showed that alcohol, sex, ready-to-brake, braked by using single-handed or both hand and braked by using the left hand or right hand could influence brake reaction times, and higher BrAC was found to be correlated with longer brake reaction times.

關鍵字(中)

★ 機車模擬器
★ 煞車反應時間
★ 呼氣酒精濃度

關鍵字(英)

★ Brake Reaction Times
★ Motorcycle Riding Simulator
★ Breath Alcohol Concentration (BrAC)

論文目次

摘要 i
Abstract ii
致謝 iii
總目錄 iv
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 x
第一章　緒論 1
1-1　研究背景與動機 1
1-2　研究目的 5
1-3　研究方法與流程 5
1-4　論文架構 7
第二章　文獻回顧 8
2-1　國外機車模擬器發展現況 8
2-2　酒精對人體的影響 12
2-2-1 人體對酒精的生理反應 12
2-2-2 酒精對駕駛者造成的影響 14
2-3　駕駛反應時間之相關研究 16
第三章　研究方法 20
3-1　實驗對象 20
3-2　系統軟硬體設備 20
3-2-1 固定式機車模擬器 20
3-2-2 訊號擷取設備 21
3-2-3 影像顯示系統及操控電腦 22
3-2-4 酒測設備 24
3-2-5 駕駛模擬器軟體介紹 25
3-3　實驗設計 28
3-3-1 實驗因子 28
3-3-2 實驗場景規劃 33
3-4　實驗程序 39
3-4-1 未飲酒實驗程序 39
3-4-2 有飲酒實驗程序 40
第四章　實驗結果分析與討論 42
4-1　實驗1煞車反應測試(無場景) 42
4-1-1 實驗1數據資料 42
4-1-2 實驗1結果分析 53
4-2　實驗2煞車反應測試(有道路場景) 55
4-2-1 實驗2數據資料 55
4-2-2 實驗2結果分析 66
4-3　實驗3煞車反應測試(行人橫越道路場景)在無飲酒條件下 68
4-3-1 實驗3在無飲酒條件下的數據資料 68
4-3-1 實驗3在無飲酒條件下的結果分析 70
4-4　實驗3煞車反應測試(行人橫越道路場景)在呼氣酒精濃度為0.15 mg/l條件下 70
4-4-1 實驗3在呼氣酒精濃度為0.15 mg/l條件下的數據資料 70
4-4-2 實驗3在呼氣酒精濃度為0.15 mg/l條件下的結果分析 72
4-5　實驗3煞車反應測試(行人橫越道路場景)在呼氣酒精濃度為0.25 mg/l條件下 72
4-5-1 實驗3在呼氣酒精濃度為0.25 mg/l條件下的數據資料 72
4-5-2 實驗3在呼氣酒精濃度為0.25 mg/l條件下的結果分析 74
4-6　實驗1和實驗2結果比較分析 74
4-7　實驗2與實驗3結果比較分析 77
4-8　實驗3之不同呼氣酒精濃度結果比較分析 79
4-9　小結 82
第五章　結論與未來發展建議 84
5-1　結論 84
5-2　未來發展建議 85
參考文獻 86
附錄A　各受測者的實驗數據散布圖 92
1　實驗1數據 92
2　實驗2數據 98
3　實驗3數據 104
附錄B　各受測者的酒測值 106

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指導教授

鄭銘章(Ming-chang Jeng)

審核日期

2008-7-22

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