雙參數個別離子活性係數模式應用於雙電解質水溶液蒸汽壓之估算

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許秀菱(Hsiu-Ling Hsu) 查詢紙本館藏

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化學工程與材料工程學系

論文名稱

雙參數個別離子活性係數模式應用於雙電解質水溶液蒸汽壓之估算

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摘要(中)

本研究量測雙成分強電解質NaCl + KBr及NaBr + KCl 水溶液的蒸汽壓數據，量測溫度範圍從303.15K到333.15K。電解質溶液之濃度為1m、2m、3m、4m。從實驗數據得到此二鹽類水溶液之蒸汽壓隨著溫度升高而增加，以及隨著鹽類濃度的增加而有線性降低的情形。對於此二種鹽類混合物既然有相同的鹽類離子，在相同溫度與相同濃度的條件下，應該可觀察到其有相同的蒸汽壓，實驗中也得到一致性的觀察。
由於強電解質水溶液之強解離效應，粒子在水溶液中之作用力應有相同效應，此說明強多電解質在水溶液中為完全解離，因此對水的蒸汽壓影響完全相同。
本研究利用Lin and Lee (2003)雙離子參數之個別活性係數模式推估雙成分電解質水溶液蒸汽壓值比較，結果NaCl + KBr水溶液之平均絕對偏差 (AAD) 與平均絕對相對偏差 (AARD) 分別為0.05kPa 與 0.41%，對於NaBr + KCl為0.05kPa 與0.40% 。

摘要(英)

In this study, the vapor pressures of the aqueous solutions of NaCl + KBr and NaBr + KCl were measured in the temperature range from 303.15 K to 333.15 K and concentrations of 1m, 2m, 3m, and 4m. The experimental data showed that the vapor pressures of these aqueous solutions increase with increasing temperature and linearly decrease with increasing concentration. It is reasonable to consider that these two aqueous solutions should exhibit identical vapor pressure at the same temperature and concentration since they content the same ions in solutions. This was observed consistently with the experimental data.
In this study, the two-parameter ionic activity coefficient model of Lin and Lee (2003) was employed to predict the vapor pressures of these two aqueous solutions. The average absolute deviations (AAD) and the average absolute relative deviations (AARD) are 0.05 kPa and 0.41% for NaCl + KBr aqueous solution and 0.05 kPa and 0.40% for NaBr + KCl aqueous solution, respectively.

關鍵字(中)

★ 蒸汽壓
★ 電解質水溶液
★ 雙參數
★ 模式

關鍵字(英)

論文目次

目錄
致謝
摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
目錄 III
表目錄 V
圖目錄 VI
符號說明 VII
第一章緒論 1
第二章文獻回顧 5
2.1 電解質溶液蒸汽壓模式 5
2.2改良型Antoine equation 5
2.3.平均活性係數模式 9
2.4圖解法 18
2.5統計熱力學法 21
第三章 Lin and Lee電解質蒸汽壓模式估算原理 23
3-1電解質水溶液蒸汽壓與滲透壓係數 23
3-2雙參數模式演導 26
3-3雙參數模式估算多電解質水溶液滲透壓係數與蒸汽壓 34
第四章電解質蒸汽壓實驗 38
4.1儀器裝置 38
4.2 實驗設備 40
4-3藥品 41
4-4實驗步驟 41
4.4.1本實驗裝置可靠度測試 41
4.4.2 實驗前處理 42
4.4.3 實驗步驟 43
第五章實驗結果與討論 45
5.1計算結果 45
第六章結論 55
第七章參考文獻 56
許秀菱 (Hsiu-ling Hsu) 的相關著作 63
表目錄
表4-1. 氯化鋰電解質水溶液於303.15K之蒸汽壓實驗值 ( )
與文獻值( )比較 43
表5-1. NaCl+KBr電解質水溶液之蒸汽壓實驗值 (Pexp) 與Lin
and Lee 模式計算值 (Pcal ) 比較數據 47
表5-2. NaBr+KCl電解質水溶液之蒸汽壓實驗值 (Pexp) 與Lin
and Lee 模式計算值 (Pcal ) 比較數據 48
表5-3. NaCl+KBr電解質水溶液在298.15K之Na+、K+、Cl-、
Br-個別離子活性係數 49
表5-4. NaBr+KCl電解質水溶液在298.15K之Na+、K+、Cl-、
Br-個別離子活性係數 49
表5-5 . 四種電解 (NaCl、KBr、NaBr、KCl)之Lin and Lee
模式個別離子趨近參數bi與溶媒參數Si 50
圖目錄
圖4-1 電解質蒸汽壓裝置圖 44
圖4-2 恆溫水浴槽 44
圖5.1 NaCl+KBr 電解質水溶液蒸汽壓與溫度關係。 51
圖5.2 NaBr+KCl 電解質水溶液蒸汽壓與溫度關係。 52
圖5.3 NaCl+KBr 電解質水溶液不同溫度蒸汽壓與濃度
關係。 53
圖5.4 NaBr+KCl 電解質水溶液不同溫度蒸汽壓與濃度
關係。 5

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許秀菱 (Hsiu-ling Hsu) 的相關著作
1. Hsiu-ling Hsu, and Liang-sun Lee, ”Vapor liquid Equilibrium Measurement and Data Treatment of n-Propanol and Isobutanol Mixture at Atmospheric pressure,” Chem. Eng. Comm., 164, 205-224 (1998).
2. Liang-sun Lee, Min-yi Huang, and Hsiu-ling Hsu, ”Vapor Pressure of Ethanol+ Benzyltributylammonium Chloride Solution and Vapor- Liquid Equilibrium of Ethanol + water + Benzyltributylammonium Chloride Mixture at Atmospheric Pressure, ” J. Chem. Eng. Data, 44, 3, 528-531(1999).
3. Liang-sun Lee, Jiun-hau Fu, and Hsiu-ling Hsu, ” Solubility of Solid 1,4-Dimethoxybenzene in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide, ”J. Chem. Eng. Data, 45, 2, 358-361 (2000).
4. Hsiu-ling Hsu, Yi-chou Wu, and Liang-sun Lee, ” Vapor Pressures of Aqueous Solutions with Mixed Salts of NaCl+KBr and NaBr + KCl,” J. Chem. Eng. Data, 48, 514-518 (2003).

指導教授

李亮三(Liang-Sun Lee)

審核日期

2003-7-14

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