污泥灰渣全資源化水泥砂漿之研究

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吳岳澤(Yue-Ze Wu) 查詢紙本館藏

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論文名稱

污泥灰渣全資源化水泥砂漿之研究
(Study of Cement Mortar Totally Composed by Recycled Materials Derived from Sludge and Ash)

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摘要(中)

污泥灰渣做為卜作嵐材料或骨材應用於水泥砂漿，不但解決廢棄物處理問題，也能減少水泥天然原料和砂石等資源的消耗。為進一步提升污泥灰渣使用量，本研究以全資源化為目標進行研究，並且希望藉由多重取代型式，配合使用目前已資源化之爐石和飛灰等卜作嵐反應性佳的材料，使原本單一取代時並不理想的污泥灰渣材料，如下水污泥灰渣，能有更佳的工程性質，增加污泥灰渣資源化的出路。
本研究使用下水污泥灰渣、燃煤飛灰、水淬爐石粉做為卜作嵐材料取代水泥以及利用垃圾焚化底渣取代骨材，擬以雙材料取代水泥、三材料取代水泥和再生材料同時取代水泥和骨材之形式進行試驗。
研究結果顯示，爐石由於具有高卜作嵐活性和較高含量之(CaO+MgO)，可提升其他低卜作嵐活性之混合卜作嵐材料(如飛灰和下水污泥灰渣)的卜作嵐反應，因此雙取代和三取代，可較過去研究之下水污泥灰渣或飛灰單一取代時，有較佳之工程性能。當水泥取代量50 %時，28天抗壓強度可達一般水泥砂漿控制組之88.9~93.1 %，而應用添加氯化鈣和添加石灰於下水污泥混燒之改良方法，可改良凝結時間過長之限制因子，進一步提升水泥取代率為70 %，仍具有一定之工程性能，28天抗壓強度皆符合結構混凝土之強度範圍。在耐久性部分，除控制組之配比，由於卜作嵐有效的消耗氫氧化鈣，且產生的C-S-H膠體可使結構更緻密，因此可有效抵抗硫酸鹽侵蝕，經120天抗壓強度仍持續增長。

摘要(英)

Sludge and ash recycled as pozzolanic material and fine aggregate applying to cement mortar would not only solve treatment problem of waste, but also reduce the consumption of sandstone and natural materials which used in cement manufacturing. To increase the amounts of using sludge and ash, the objective of this study was to make cement and aggregate in mortar totally be composed by these recycled materials. This study expected to improve the poor engineering properties of using single recycled material (e.g. sewage sludge ash) as cement by additionally adding high pozzolanic activity of slag and/or fly ash simultaneously in multiple cement-replaced formed. Therefore, the potential of using recycled sludge and ash could be enhanced.
This study used sewage sludge ash(SSA), coal fly ash(FA), granulated blast furnace slag(S) as pozzolanic material and municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash(BA) as fine aggregate in cement mortar. In one hand, the cement in cement mortar was replaced by two types. In dual-replaced type, cement was replaced by SSA and S or FA. In triple-replaced type, SSA,FA, and S were all used to replace cement. On the other hand , in addition to cement, fine aggregate in mortar were also replaced by BA.
According to the experimental results, slag which have high pozzolanic activity and high content of CaO and MgO can increase pozzolanic activity in mortar, even other recycled materials with low pozzolanic activity such as FA and SSA were used. Therefore, dual or triple-replaced type for cement in mortar have better engineering properties than single-replaced one indicated by previously researches which only used FA or SSA for cement replacement. When the cement replacement rate of SSA with FA and/or S reached 50%, the percentage of compressive strength in mortar at the age of 28 days reached to 88.9~93.1% compared to controlled mortar. The modifications by adding calcium chloride and lime mixed with SSA could improve the limiting factor of longer setting time. Further more, the modifications had potential to increase cement replacement rate to 70%, and owned good engineering property of compressive strength at the age of 28 days, (i.e. meeting the standard of structural concrete). In durability tests, expect for the mixes of control mortar, because the consumption of calcium hydroxide by pozzolanic reaction and the filling porosity by C-S-H gel, the mortar structure was more dense and sulfate attack could be avoided. The compressive strength was thus increased with age during 120 days.

關鍵字(中)

★ 下水污泥灰渣
★ 燃煤飛灰
★ 水淬爐石粉
★ 垃圾焚化底渣
★ 卜作嵐活性
★ 抗壓強度

關鍵字(英)

★ municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash
★ granulated blast furnace slag
★ coal fly ash
★ sewage sludge ash
★ compressive strength
★ pozzolanic activity

論文目次

第一章前言1
1-1研究緣起1
1-2研究目的與內容2
第二章文獻回顧3
2-1水泥水化及硬固原理3
2-1-1水泥水化原理3
2-1-2水泥硬固原理8
2-2卜作嵐原理10
2-2-1卜作嵐物質10
2-2-2卜作嵐反應及機制10
2-3污泥灰渣物化特性及對混凝土之影響13
2-3-1下水污泥灰渣13
1.下水污泥灰渣之性質13
2.下水污泥灰渣化學特性13
3.下水污泥灰渣物理特性16
4.下水污泥灰渣卜作嵐特性18
2-3-2.垃圾焚化底渣19
1.垃圾焚化底渣性質19
2.垃圾焚化底渣之化學特性20
3.垃圾焚化底渣物理特性25
2-3-3 燃煤飛灰26
1.燃煤飛灰性質26
2.燃煤飛灰化學特性27
3.燃煤飛灰物理特性27
4.燃煤飛灰卜作嵐特性27
2-3-4 水淬爐石粉28
1.爐石粉性質28
2.爐石化學特性29
3.爐石卜作嵐特性29
2-4污泥灰渣單一取代應用於混凝土之成效30
2-4-1.下水污泥灰渣取代成效30
2-4-2.垃圾焚化底渣取代成效35
2-4-3 燃煤飛灰取代成效36
2-4-4 水淬爐石粉取代成效38
2-5 污泥灰渣多重取代應用於混凝土之成效41
第三章研究方法42
3-1 研究材料42
3-2 試驗與分析方法43
3-2-1 材料製備及分析方法43
3-2-2 灰渣卜作嵐性質分析方法49
3-2-3 砂漿製備及分析方法50
3-2-4 精密儀器分析方法54
3-3 實驗計畫59
3-3-1 實驗流程59
3-3-2 全資源化水泥砂漿配比試拌60
1.雙材料取代水泥砂漿配比試拌60
2.三材料取代水泥砂漿配比試拌62
3.同時取代水泥和骨材之水泥砂漿配比試拌63
3-3-3經改良並提升取代率之全資源化水泥砂漿配比試拌64
1.雙材料取代水泥砂漿配比試拌65
2.同時取代水泥和骨材之水泥砂漿配比試拌67
第四章結果與討論69
4-1 污泥灰渣物化特性分析69
4-1-1 污泥灰渣物理性質69
4-1-2 污泥灰渣化學性質75
4-1-3 污泥灰渣卜作嵐性質79
4-2 全資源化水泥砂漿新拌性質82
4-2-1未改良之全資源化水泥砂漿新拌性質82
1.雙材料取代水泥砂漿試拌82
2.三材料取代水泥砂漿試拌90
3.同時取代水泥和骨材之水泥砂漿試拌92
4-2-2 經改良並提升取代率之全資源化水泥砂漿新拌性質95
1.雙材料取代水泥砂漿試拌95
2.同時取代水泥和骨材之水泥砂漿試拌98
4-3 全資源化水泥砂漿硬固性質102
4-3-1 未改良之全資源化水泥砂漿硬固性質102
1.抗壓強度發展103
2.微觀分析結果105
4-3-2 經改良並提升取代率之全資源化水泥砂漿硬固性質128
1.抗壓強度發展129
2.微觀分析結果131
4-4 全資源化水泥砂漿耐久性、經濟性和可行性評估145
第五章結論與建議150
5-1 結論150
5-2 建議152

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指導教授

曾迪華(Dyi-Hwa Tseng)

審核日期

2006-10-18

推文