| 摘要(英) |
This study was to investigate turbidity removal and residuals generation in sedimentation and filtration processes of Ping-Jan Water Treatment Plant. Furthermore, physical-chemical characteristics of residuals were also analyzed.
According to the statistical data, the probability of raw water turbidity lower than 15 NTU in Ping-Jan Water Treatment Plant was 63%. However, raw water turbidity might higher than 10,000 NTU due to typhoon events. By changing the location of collecting raw water, the probability of turbidity over 10,000 NTU reduced from 4 to 1%. When influent turbidity was between the range of 15 to 500 NTU, the removal efficiency of turbidity and probability of settled water turbidity in sludge blanket clarifiers below 5 NTU were upon 90%. Moreover, the probability of settled water turbidity in tube settlers below 5 NTU was under 60% resulting from improper design of overflow weir when influent turbidity over 15 NTU. In addition, 7 NTU was the limit for the influent turbidity of Hardinge and Wheeler filters. Consequently, 3 and 6 NTU were suggested for these limits, respectively.
For coagulation sludge from sludge blanket clarifiers, the SS was 3,955 mg/L, BOD5 was 5 mg/L, and COD was 172 mg/L. In addition, the characteristics of coagulation sludge of tube settlers including 6,262 mg/L SS, 35 mg/L BOD5, and 362 mg/L COD were increased with settled time. The routine amount of coagulation sludge from sludge blanket clarifiers and tube settlers were 1,975 and 2,014 kg/day, respectively. However, sludge production was 73 times of routine amount during typhoon seasons. The analysis results of the filter backwash water (FBW) produced by Hardinge and Wheeler filters revealed that the SS was 252 and 223 mg/L, BOD5 was <1 mg/L, and COD were 17 and 11 mg/L, respectively. FBW was typically only a small fraction of filtered water volume for Harding and Wheeler filters (0.2~0.3% and 1.9~2.5%, respectively). Additionally, the amount of FBW from Wheeler filters was 7~14 times comparing to that from Hardinge filters.
When raw water turbidity was below 5 NTU, direct filtration might decrease PAC dosage in coagulation process and reduce the amount of coagulation sludge. Also, changing the strategy of two-stage coagulation sedimentation and adding flocculent while raw water turbidity was over 10,000 NTU might be reasonable. In addition, monitoring turbidity of FBW from Wheeler filters ensure media wasn’t too clean due to too long backwashing. Therefore, it might keep removal efficiency and reduce the amount of FBW of Wheeler filters. |
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