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姓名 郭書瑄(Shu-hsuan Kuo) 查詢紙本館藏 畢業系所 藝術學研究所 論文名稱 荒誕寫實 夏卡爾之《死魂靈》插畫 (1923-27)
(Grotesque RealismMarc Chagall's Illustrations for Dead Souls )相關論文 檔案 [Endnote RIS 格式]
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摘要(中) 提要
本文以夏卡爾於1923-27年間為果戈里長篇代表作《死魂靈》所作之插圖版本為研究對象，並援引巴赫汀嘉年華美學之「荒誕寫實主義」概念，作為貫穿整部繪本的思考主軸。
在法籍畫家夏卡爾豐富的眾多作品中，這部《死魂靈》插圖系列經常以「旅法三部曲之一」簡略帶過。然而，本文藉由與小說文本的平行參照，研究者將發覺插圖不僅再度闡現了畫家本身的創作風格，更以獨特的詮釋角度點明《死魂靈》小說隱藏的面貌。而在一幅幅乍看之下潦草怪誕的速寫圖中，俄國理論家巴赫汀的對話原則與狂歡美學將清楚表明繪者所切入的詮釋角度，此為本論文所企圖嘗試之探索。
在借用文學理論作為圖像解讀的過程中，研究者與畫家本人採取相同立場，將《死魂靈》繪本中的圖與文視為具有獨立平等的地位；小說與插圖於是作為兩種獨立文本，以此進行文本間的交流對話。本文於是以三層面漸進式進行討論；首先說明文本與插圖分別產生的背景淵源，其次就繪者本身之圖示風格，點明《死魂靈》插圖中特殊的圖示手段，以此達成另一層面的「死魂靈」世界。最後重點則為圖文間之交互呼應與詮釋，並闡明兩者如何達成荒誕寫實主義之美學精神。繪本中所展現的複音對話、去尊性、上下錯置、物質變形與開放肉體等等眾多嘉年華特色，將透過四節不同面向的討論加以釐清。
本論文企圖以不同角度重新審視夏卡爾的《死魂靈》插圖，另一方面亦為巴赫汀理論於圖像領域之嘗試應用。於是，在荒誕寫實的狂歡形式下，讀者與作品間的高度對話性於焉產生；在作者、繪者與理論家相似重疊的社會背景中，亦為繪本中的複音形式展開了一場眾聲喧嘩之解讀。摘要(英) Abstract
The subject matter in this thesis is focused on Marc Chagall’s 96 illustrations for Dead Souls, an epic novel by Nikolai Gogol, produced between 1923-27; and to explore all of these illustrations Mikhail Bakhtin’s theory of “grotesque realism” asserted in his carnival aesthetics is largely adopted.
Among the numerous artworks of Chagall the French painter, this series of illustration is usually glimpsed as one of the trilogy made in his French years, neither has it been regarded as the representative work of the artist noted for his abundant uses of color and imagination. Nevertheless through the parallelism between text and illustration suggested in this thesis, the researcher is going to discover that these etchings not only re-demonstrate the creative style of the painter himself, but indicate the concealed dimensions of the novel from specific point of interpretation. In each seemingly rough and grotesque caricature, Russian literary theorist M. Bakhtin’s viewpoint of dialogical principle and carnivalism is proved to explain the artist’s ways of interpretation appropriately.
In the process of examining iconographs with literary theory, the researcher has chosen the same attitude with the artist himself so as to consider the position of text and illustration as equally independent; the novel and the etchings are taken as two individual texts and thus the dialogues between texts begins. Therefore this thesis is developed as three-chaptered discussion: first, the respective backgrounds of the novel and the illustration; second, the pictorial style of the artist himself in order to point out the specific pictorial techniques in Dead Souls; and last, the inter-dialogue and inner interpretation between word and image, through which the illustrated book had achieved the aesthetics of grotesque realism. All those characteristics of carnival shown in this illustrated book, such as polyphony, degradation, topsy-turvy and the material bodily principal, are demonstrated in four sections of chapter three.
The aim of this thesis is to re-consider Chagall’s illustrations for Dead Souls from a new perspective and meanwhile contribute a different application of Bakhtin’s literary theory to the realm of pictorial images. Thus the dialogue between reader and work stems beneath the grotesque form of a joyous carnival, and a multiple interpretation of the polyphonic style of this illustrated book rouses against the similar social background of the author, the illustrator and the theorist.關鍵字(中) ★ 夏卡爾
★ 果戈里
★ 死魂靈關鍵字(英) ★ Dead Souls
★ Gogol
★ Chagall論文目次 目錄
提要
Abstract
誌謝
圖版資料
表格目錄
緒論 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥01
一 論文研究方法 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥02
二 論文架構 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥05
三 文獻概述 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥07
第一章 創作背景 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥09
第一節 插畫源起 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥09
一 創作背景與出版起源 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥09
二 當代插畫與畫壇運動 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥12
第二節 文本簡介 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥17
一 文本選擇 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥17
二 文本簡介與評論 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥19
第二章 圖示風格 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥24
第一節 脈絡與技法 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥24
一 插畫創作 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥24
二 油畫關聯 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥28
三 媒材技法 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥32
第二節 眾聲喧嘩俄羅斯 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥37
第三節 劇場空間 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥47
一 選景 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥47
二 取角 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥49
三 構圖 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥52
第三章 作品解讀 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥58
第一節 圖文關聯與對話原則 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥58
第二節 多重敘述與聯想並置 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥68
第三節 變形與隱喻 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥74
一 變形 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥75
二 隱喻 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥78
第四節 歡宴與愛慾 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥82
一 歡宴 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥82
二 愛慾 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥86
結論 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥93
一 題旨 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥93
二 複音與對話 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥94
三 狂歡節慶 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥94
夏卡爾生平年表 ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥97參考文獻 參考書目
A. 文本
1. Chagall, Bella, Burning Lights, Biblio Press, 1996
2. Chagall, Bella, Lumières Allumées, trans. Ida Chagall, illus. Marc Chagall, Gallimard, 1973
3. Chagall, Marc, Ma Vie, Stock, 1995
4. Gogol, Nikolai Vasilevich, Dead Souls, Eng. trans. Andrew R. MacAndrew, New American Library, 1961
5. Gogol, Nikolai Vasilevich, Gogol Plays And Selected Writings, Northwestern University Press, 1994
6. 果戈里著，滿濤譯，《死魂靈》，光復書局，1998
7. 果戈里著，滿濤譯，《果戈里小說選》，光復書局，1998
8. 夏戈爾著，黃翰荻譯，《夏戈爾自傳》，遠景，1985
9. 蓓拉‧夏卡爾著，馬克‧夏卡爾圖，董佩蘭譯，《邂逅》，小知堂文化，1996
B. 參考資料
1. Baal-Teshuva, Jacob, Marc Chagall: Tapestries‧Tapisserien‧Tapisseries, Taschen
2. Bakhtin, Mikhail, Rabelais and His World, Trans. Hélène Iswolsky, Indiana University Press, 1984
3. Bakhtin, Mikhail, Problems of Dostoevsky’s Poetics, Manchester University Press, 1984
4. Chagall, Marc, Œuvres sur Papier, Centre Georges Pompidou, 1984
5. Chagall, Marc, Marc Chagall: Druckgraphik, Hatje, 1994
6. Chagall, Marc, Marc Chagall: L’Œuvre Gravé, Musée National Message Biblique Marc Chagall
7. Chagall, Marc, 25 livres illustrés, Cat. Genève, Galerie Patrick Cramer, 1982
8. Chagall, Marc, Marc Chagall: 1887-1985, Réunion des Musées Nationaux, 2000
9. Chagall, Marc, Le Ballet, L’Opéra, Réunion des Musées Nationaux, 1995
10. Clark, Katerina / Holquist, Michael, Mikhail Bakhtin, Harvard College, 1984
11. Ed. Compton, Susan, Chagall: Love and the Stage 1914-22, Merrell Holberton, 1998
12. Compton, Susan, Marc Chagall: My Life- My Dream: Berlin and Paris, 1922-1940, Prestel, 1990
13. Cramer, Patrick, Marc Chagall: Catalogue Raisonné des Livres Illustrés, Genève, 1995
14. Ed. Gauss, Ulrike, Marc Chagall: The Lithographs, Hatje, 1999
15. Ed. Ferrier, Jean-Louis, Art of the 20th Century, A Year-by-Year Chronicle of Painting, Architecture, and Sculpture, Eng. trans. Walter D. Glanze and Lisa Davidson, Éditions du Chêne, 1999
16. Fondation Pierre Gianadda, Martigny, Marc Chagall, L’Exposition Christina Burrus, 1991
17. Griffiths, Frederick T. / Rabinowitz, Stanley J., Novel Epics: Gogol, Dostoevsky, and National Narrative, Northwestern University Press, 1990
18. Haftmann, Werner, Marc Chagall, Thames and Hudson, 1985
19. Harpham, Geoffrey Galt, On the Grotesque: Strategies of Contradiction in Art and Literature, Princeton Univ. Press, 1982
20. Kamenskii, Aleksandr, Chagall: the Russian Years, 1907-1922, Thames and Hudson, 1989
21. Keller, Horst, Marc Chagall: Life and Works, Barron’s Educational Series, 1980
22. Maguire, Robert A., Exploring Gogol, Stanford University Press, 1994
23. Mitchell, W. F. T., Blake’s Composite Art: A Study of the Illuminated Poetry, Princeton University Press, 1978
24. Passeron, Roger, Chagall: Meister der Graphik, Fribourg, Suisse, 1984
25. Peace, Richard, The Enigma of Gogol: An Examination of the Writing of N. V. Gogol and their Place in the Russian Literary Tradition, Cambridge University Press, 1981
26. Rowe, William Woodin, Through Gogol’s Looking Glass: Reverse Vision, False Focus, and Precarious Logic, New York University Press, 1976
27. Ed. Selden, Raman, The Theory of Criticism: From Plato to the Present, Longman, 1988
28. Simmons, Ernest J., Introduction to Russian Realism: Gogol, Dostoevsky, Tolstoy, Chekhov, Sholokhov, Indiana University Press
29. Sorlier, Charles, Marc Chagall: Le Livre des Livres, ed. André Sauret / Michèle Trinckvel, 1900
30. Todorov, Tzvetan, Mikhail Bakhtin: The Dialogical Principle, Eng. trans. Wlad Godzich, University of Minnesota, 1984
31. Venturi, Lionello, Chagall: Biographical and Critical Study, Skira, 1956
32. Walther, I. F. / Metzger, R., Chagall: Painting as Poetry, Taschen, 1993
33. West, Shearer, Chagall, Gallery Books, 1990
34. 李延祥編著，《版畫》，三民書局，2000
35. 何政廣主編，《夏卡爾：鄉愁與愛的畫家》，藝術家，1996
36. 廖修平，《版畫藝術》，雄獅美術，1993
37. 劉康著，《對話的喧聲：巴赫汀文化理論述評》，麥田人文，1995指導教授 吳方正(Wu Fang-Cheng) 審核日期 2003-1-20 推文 plurk
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