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姓名	施順鵬(Shun-Po She)  查詢紙本館藏	畢業系所	太空科學研究所
論文名稱	台灣地區Ka波段大氣傳播通道之研究
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摘要(中)	中華衛星一號(ROCSAT-1)已經在1999年1月27日成功發射。藉著使用可移動式和固定式的地面站來接收通訊實驗酬載(ECP)中的19.5 GHz標識訊號，Ka波段傳播實驗是為了進行研究大氣對台灣地區Ka波段的衛星訊號的影響，包括下雨粒子、雲、水汽含量、溶解時的水象粒子、大氣的折射指數擾動等。初步的測量顯示即使是在無降雨的環境下，19.5 GHz標識訊號振幅的變化範圍可以大到15 dB。資料分析指出在有雲的情況下，振幅擾動的峰對峰值大於5dB的強閃爍是經常可以觀察到的。我們利用TGT接收衛星的標識訊號，得到台灣地區對流層Ka波段閃爍的頻譜，也量到雨衰的實際變化。在本研究中，也作了標識訊號的振幅變化與由19.5 GHz地面輻射儀所量得之天空噪音溫度的比較。另外，也建立了TGT與大氣輻射儀的校正步驟與操作程序。也利用所有成功觀測的案例，對TGT與RGT兩個系統作比對與校驗的工作。 藉著使用頻率19.5 GHz可操縱式天線的地面微波輻射儀，我們建立了台灣地區亮度溫度的特性，統計結果指出在非下雨情況下，亮度溫度的中間值隨著天頂角變大而增加，其範圍從天頂的30k到離天頂角80?時的128k。大氣所造成的衰減值?也在這裡觀測到。我們發現，基本上大氣衰減值?(?)與天頂角?的關係呈現很好的sec(?)關係，在天頂角小於70?時，?(?)=??osec(?)(?o是天頂的衰減值)。然而，實驗資料顯示，在?大於75?時，sec(?)不再能適當的描述衰減值與天頂角的變化關係。統計結果顯示平均輻射溫度值Tm的變化範圍在270到298k之間，與地表溫度Ts有高度的相關性。在沒有下雨的環境下，溼延遲量?Rv與天頂亮度溫度Tbz之間有一經驗線性關係式?Rv=-3.37+0.755Tbz。19.5 GHz天頂衰減值?o與地表水汽濃度?o的關係也在本文中建立。其它背景資料，如降雨率、0?C等溫線高度、有效地球半徑之K值、仰角誤差等統計結果，均與其它模式如ITU-R、Crane Model及CCIR Model等做比較，結果都顯示有差異。也比較了我們以真實量測值所估算出的雨衰與CCIR Model做比較，結果顯示在降雨率及雨高累積機率為0.001%時，前者比後者來的大，差值將近10 dB。 藉著使用中壢VHF雷達，我們研究了不同降水粒子之平均都卜勒終端速度VT與相對應降水粒子的背向散射回波功率P之間的關係。而一個經由19.5 GHz單頻的大氣輻射儀測量亮度溫度來反演整體可降水量的方法在本篇論文亦被提出及檢驗，比較由反演估算出的可降水量與測量的可降水量，可得到兩者之間有很好的一致性。在晴空時的19.5 GHz大氣輻射儀所測量衰減值與52MHz剖風儀背向散射回波功率之間的相關性在這?也作了分析。結果顯示，當剖風儀背向散射回波功率的垂直分布具有很顯著層狀結構時，其相關性為負的。因此，當利用輻射儀的測量結合剖風儀背向散射回波功率來反演溼度剖面時，是需要很小心的。
關鍵字(中)	★ Ka波段傳播通道實驗 ★ 大氣衰減 ★ 雨衰減 ★ 中華衛星一號	關鍵字(英)
論文目次	圖目 表目 第一章 前言----------------------------------------------------------------1~11 第二章 主要實驗儀器介紹---------------------------------------------12~32 第三章 理論基礎---------------------------------------------------------33~49 第四章 19.5 GHz大氣輻射儀與52 MHz剖風儀之共同觀測與研究-- ------------------------------------------------------------------50~121 第五章 台灣地區大氣傳播通道背景特性------------------------122~153 第六章 中華衛星一號ECP Ka波段傳播通道實驗-------------154~199 第七章 結論------------------------------------------------------------200~203 參考文獻 附錄A 附錄B 附錄C 附錄D
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指導教授	朱延祥(Yen-Hsyang Chu)	審核日期	2002-1-18
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