福爾摩沙衛星一號與全球定位系統地面接收機觀測太陽活動極大期低緯電離層不規則體

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姓名

孫楊軼(Yang-Yi Sun) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

太空科學研究所

論文名稱

福爾摩沙衛星一號與全球定位系統地面接收機觀測太陽活動極大期低緯電離層不規則體
(Low latitude ionospheric irregularities observed by FORMOSAT-1 and GPS ground-based receivers during soloar maximum)

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摘要(中)

全球定位系統（Global Positioning System, GPS）地面接收機的優點為能以高時間解析度長期連續觀測電離層全電子含量(Total Electron Content,TEC)，缺點為無法進行海洋和偏遠沙漠等地區之觀測；反之，福爾摩沙衛星一號(FORMOSAT-1)之觀測可均勻涵蓋南北緯35°內，卻無法對固定位置進行連續觀測。本研究結合兩者，聯合觀測1999年3月11日至2004年6月15日太陽活動極大期間南北磁緯30°內電離層不規則體(ionospheric irregularities)的日變化、季變化、經度變化與磁暴的影響。資料分析是利用希爾伯黃轉換(Hilbert-Huang Transform, HHT)的瞬時特性，計算福衛一號正離子濃度數據中週期短於25分鐘波動的瞬時總能。另一方面，使用雜訊輔助篩濾程序(noise- assisted sifting process)去除GPSTEC數據內中尺度移行電離層擾動(Middle Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbance, MSTID)的影響，用於計算GPS相位擾亂指數(phase fluctuation index)。最後比較瞬時總能與相位擾亂指數，探討低緯電離層不規則體強度隨時間的改變與空間的分佈，結果顯示不規則體的強度與其產生機率呈正相關。比對44個Dst超過-100的磁暴(magnetic storm)案例與GPS相位擾亂指數長期觀測資料發現，磁暴對於低緯電離層不規則體的成長具有催生和抑制的效應。

摘要(英)

A ground-based receiver of the global positioning system (GPS) can easily probe the ionosphere, except desert and oceanic areas, with a high temporal resolution. By contrast, a satellite orbiting observes large area (for example, FORMOSAT-1 covers the ionosphere within +/- 35°) and, however its revisit time generally is rather long. In this study, seasonal and geographical variations as well as geomagnetic storm signatures in ionospheric irregularities within +/- 35° are examined by employing worldwide ground-based GPS receivers and FORMOSAT-1 during the solar maximum period of 1999/1/27-2004/6/17. The Hilber-Huang transform is first applied to compute the instantaneous total power of waves with period less than 25 minutes of the ion density recorded by FORMOSAT-1 and to remove middle and large scale travel ionospheric disturbances (MSTID) in the ionospheric total electron content derived from the ground-based GPS receivers. Results show that the spatial distributions of the FORMOSAT-1 total power generally agree with those of the GPS TEC phase fluctuation in various seasons. Moreover, a long-tern observation in the GPS TEC phase fluctuation indicates that magnetic storms can either trigger or suppress low latitude ionospheric irregularities.

關鍵字(中)

★ 希爾伯黃轉換
★ 低緯電離層不規則體

關鍵字(英)

★ Hilbert-Huang Transform
★ Low latitude Ionospheric irregularities

論文目次

摘要 ....... ............................................i
Abstract ............................................... ii
致謝 .................................................. iii
目錄 ................................................... iv
圖目錄 .................................................. v
表目錄 ................................................. vi
第一章緒論 ............................................. 1
1.1低緯電離層不規則體與磁暴 ............................. 1
1.2研究動機 ............................................ 12
1.3內容概述 ............................................ 12
第二章觀測儀器與方法 .................................. 13
2.1電離層電漿電動儀 .................................... 13
2.2 全球定位系統 ....................................... 17
2.3 自動化雜訊輔助篩濾趨勢 ............................. 22
第三章觀測結果 ........................................ 31
3.1不規則體之日變化、季變化與經度變化 .................. 32
3.2磁暴對不規則體的催生與抑制 .......................... 36
第四章討論與結論 ...................................... 41
4.1低緯電離層不規則體 .................................. 41
4.2希爾伯黃轉換 ........................................ 47
4.3 結論 ............................................... 48
附錄A 希爾伯黃轉換 ..................................... 50
附錄B 磁暴案例 ......................................... 62
參考文獻 ............................................... 86

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指導教授

劉正彥(Jann-Yenq Liu)

審核日期

2009-7-19

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