摘要(英) |
With the constant emergence of new electronic products, the global printed circuit board (PCB) market had reached 1.47 trillion dollars in 2010, making the PCB industry a global trillion-dollar industry. In 2011, Taiwan generated a higher PCB production value compared to Japan to become the biggest producer of PCB in the world. Our PCB industry is one of the few industries that hold an edge over Korean competitors and therefore plays a pivotal role among electronic industries. For PCB manufacturers, developing new production processes that lead to a higher yield rate at a lower cost is a key to their competitive advantage and profitability. Hence, R&D engineers are increasingly important in this industry.
This study investigated the required occupational competencies for R&D engineers in PCB industry to develop occupational competency standards and a occupational competency scale.
Based on the procedure of developing occupational competency standards suggested by ITRI College, the author first conducted a competency interview to compile a draft version of the occupational competency standards and invited experts to assess content validity of the data. After modification, a questionnaire titled “The Occupational Competency Scale for R&D Engineers in PCB Industry” was obtained. In the formal survey, 101 responses were collected. Data were analyzed using methods including descriptive statistics, reliability and validity tests, t-test, and one-way ANOVA.
Results showed that the occupational competencies of PCB R&D engineers could be divided into three dimensions, including “project planning”, “technical service”, and “cost reduction”. The three dimensions had an internal consistency ranging between .80 and .89, and the cumulative variance explained by the scale reached 70.694%. The occupational competency standards and scale were established.
From each dimension, this study also extracted the top three standards by importance, performance, and difference between standard and performance and further observed differences across demographic variables.
The occupational competency standards obtained in this study could be applied to recruitment of new employees, performance evaluation, and training. Schools and education training providers could also use them as a reference to help improve the human capital and competiveness of the PCB industry.
|
參考文獻 |
一、中文部分
工業技術研究院產業學院,2013。職能基準輔導研習會,頁90。
王俊程,2004。視覺化分析輔助PCB新製程研發之研究,元智大學工業工程與管理所碩士論文。
古慧雪,2001。大學會計教育及其畢業生基本能力培育之研究,彰化師範大學商業教育學系在職進修專班碩士論文。
台灣電路板協會,2004。2003年台灣電路板產業調查報告,桃園:台灣電路板協會。
台灣電路板協會,2013。2012年台灣電路板產業調查報告,桃園:台灣電路板協會。
台灣電路板協會,2014。2013年台灣電路板產業調查報告,桃園:台灣電路板協會。
吳佩玲,2013。業務人員核心職能需求之研究─以臺灣港務公司基隆港務分公司為例,國立臺灣海洋大學航運管理所碩士論文。
吳明隆,1999。SPSS 統計應用實務,台北:松崗電腦圖書資料股份有限公司。
吳秉恩等人,2007。人力資源管理:理論與實務。台北市:華泰文化。
吳偉文、李右婷(2006)。人力資源管理:解讀職能密碼。台北:普林斯頓。
吳萬益,2011。企業研究方法第4版,台北:華泰文化事業股份有限公司。
李聲吼,1997。人力資源發展的能力內涵,就業與訓練,15 卷2 期,頁51。
林定皓,2008。印刷電路板概論-養成篇 (二版) ,桃園:台灣電路板協會。
林明潔,2013。跨國企業海外經理人專業職能之分析研究,逢甲大學國際貿易所碩士論文。
林惠惠,2013。金融業理財專員核心職能之研究-客戶之觀點,中國文化大學國際企業管理所碩士論文。
邱皓政,2004。社會與行為科學的量化研究與統計分析SPSS中文視窗版資料分析範例解析,台北:五南圖書出版公司。
陳小紅,2013。產業升級及政策鬆綁是當務之急,talent雜誌,22期,頁16-19。
勞動力發展署,2014。職能發展及應用推動要點,民國103年5月6日修正。
游麗嘉,2013。善用策略人才盤點強化公私部門實力,talent雜誌,22期,頁6-11。
黃彩鳳,2013。立法院國會助理核心職能之研究,銘傳大學公共事務學研究所碩士論文。
黃素芸,2009。職能運用於人力資源管理活動之實務探討,國立中山大學人力資源管理所碩士論文。
勞動部勞動力發展署,2012。泛太平洋地區國家職能標準制度簡介,台北:勞動部勞動力發展署。
楊雅筑,2013。輝瑞大藥廠緊扣職能,人才選訓育留不脫鉤,能力雜誌,22期,頁 62-68。
溫金豐,2013。變革!職能導向UP知識型組織續航力,能力雜誌,22期,頁28-33。
溫瑞烘,2011。台美資訊科技職能標準之比較,Journal of China University of Science and Technology ,46,頁113-125。
葉譯元,2010。職能模型在企業中實施概況之追蹤性調查,國立中央大學人力資源管理研究所未出版之碩士論文。
雷震宇,2005。研發工程師專業職能發展與工作績效關聯性研究—以某汽車零組件製造集團為例,國立成功大學企業管理所碩士論文。
劉玉琳,2013。國際觀光旅館客務部人員專業職能建構模式之研究,正修科技大學運動健康與休閒所碩士論文。
賴春金、李隆盛,2011。職能分析的方法與選擇,T&D 飛訊,頁90。
賴昶樺,2013。推動「職能基準」發展與應用,勞工季刊,34期,頁22-30。
羅采芳,2012。科技公司管理職能模型建構之研究-以G公司為例,國立臺北大學企業管理所碩士論文。
蘇惠莉,2012。建構分公司經理人之管理職能模型及潛能人才評量標準-以某證券公司為例,國立中央大學人力資源管理所碩士論文。
二、英文部分
Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 16(1), 74-94.
Cardy, R. L., & Selvarajan, T. T. (2006). Competencies: Alternative frameworks for competitive advantage. Business Horizons, 49(3), 235-245.
Chang, P.C., & Wang, Y.W. (2006) Fuzzy Delphi and Back-Propagation Model for Sales Forecasting in PCB Industry. Expert System with Application,30(4), 715-726.
Dukes, S. (1984). Phenomenological methodology in the human sciences. Journal of Religion and Health, 23(3), 197-203.
Dalton, M. (1997). Are competency models a waste. Training and Development, 51(10), 46-49.
Cira, D. J., & Benjamin, E. R. (1998). Competency-based pay: A concept in evolution. Compensation & Benefits Review, 30(5), 21-28.
Gatewood, R., Feild, H., & Barrick, M. (2010). Human resource selection. Cengage Learning.
Gonczi, A., Hager, P., & Oliver, L. (1990). Establishing competency-based standards in the professions.
Harris, M. M., & Schaubroeck, J. (1988). A meta‐analysis of self‐supervisor, self‐peer, and peer‐supervisor ratings. Personnel Psychology, 41(1), 43-62.
Hair, J. F., Tatham, R. L., Anderson, R. E., & Black, W. (2006). Multivariate data analysis (Vol. 6). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Hellriegel, D., Jackson, S. E.,& Slocum, J. W. (2002). Management: A competency-based approach, (9th ed.). Mason, OH: Thomson South-Western.
HERMANN, Graham D. Manual on Occupational Analysis. 1989.
Jackson, S. E. and Schuler, R. S., 2003. Managing Human Resources through Strategic Partnerships, (8th ed.). Mason, OH: Thomson South-Western.
Kaslow, N. J. (2004). Competencies in professional psychology. American Psychologist, 59(8), 774.
Lucia, A. D., & Lepsinger, R. (1999). Art & Science of Competency Models. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
McClelland, D. C. (1973). Testing for competence rather than for" intelligence.". American psychologist, 28(1), 1.
Vazirani, N. (2010). Review Paper: Competencies and Competency Model–A Brief overview of its Development and Application. SIES Journal of management, 7(1), 121-131.
Nunnally, J. C., Bernstein, I. H., & Berge, J. M. T. (1967). Psychometric theory (Vol. 226). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Noe, R. A. (1993). Employee Training Development. Chicago : McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
Spencer, L. M. (1993). Spencer. SM (1993). Competence at work. Models for superior performance.
Yin, R. K. (1993). Applications of case study research (Vol. 34). Applied Social Research Methods Series, Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Parry, S. B. (1996). Just What Is a Competency?(And Why Should You Care?). Training, 35(6), 58.
三、參考網站
MBA lib智庫百科:http://wiki.mbalib.com/wiki/STAR%E5%8E%9F%E5%88%99
經濟部產業專業人才發展資訊平台資訊平台網站:http://hrd.college.itri.org.tw/TDI/
ICAP職能發展應用平台網站:http://icap.evta.gov.tw/
工業技術研究院產業學院網站: https://www.itri.org.tw/chi/college/p1.asp?RootNodeId=070&NavRootNodeId=072&nodeid=07221 |