受沖刷橋梁之半主動結構控制

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姓名

戴育錡(Yu-Chi Dai) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

土木工程學系

論文名稱

受沖刷橋梁之半主動結構控制

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摘要(中)

本研究探討半主動控制於單跨含樁基礎簡支橋梁之耐震行為，利用磁流變阻尼器、雙砂箱剪力盒與振動台實驗，研究結構控制之控制效果。本研究目標橋梁分為兩種，基礎裸露實驗與固定基礎實驗，基礎裸露實驗符號分別以H與R 說明鉸接端樁基礎、輥接端樁基礎，D 說明樁徑之倍數代表沖刷深度，共H0D-R0D、H0D-R3D、H3D-R3D、H3D-R6D、H6D-R6D 等5組，固定基礎實驗不含樁基礎並固接於振動台檯面上，以HFix-RFix表示。控制方法有未控制、被動控制與半主動控制共三種。輸入地表加速度歷時有El Centro 地震、集集大地震附近測站TCU076及與符合規範之人造地震TCU076，其最大地表加速度分別為350 gal、200 gal與200 gal。
根據實驗與分析結果，結構週期隨著基礎裸露的深度增加而增加，橋面板加速度隨著基礎裸露的深度增加而減少。運用滑模變控制下，半主動控制的控制效果十分顯著，且5組基礎裸露實驗於震波集集大地震TCU076 測站與人造地震下，與未控制相比，橋面板位移皆下降約30 %，顯示半主動控制於受沖刷之橋梁可行性。

摘要(英)

This study investigated the seismic performance of a scoured bridge with exposed pile foundation and the feasibility of the semi-active control system with MR(Magneto-rheological) damper by dual biaxial laminar shear boxes and shaking table tests. In this study, the experimental testing was divided into a scoured bridge with exposed pile foundation and a bridge without pile foundation. The pile is designated to be scoured as a ratio pile diameter (D) at either hinge-end (H) or roller-end (R). The bridge without pile foundation was bolted on the shaking table (Fix). Category: H0D-R0D, H0D-R3D, H3D-R3D,H3D-R6D, H6D-R6D and HFix-RFix. There were three structure control methods in this study, they were uncontrolled, passive control and semi-active control. The input ground motions included acceleration records from El Centro (PGA 350 gal), Chi-Chi earthquake TCU076 station (PGA 200 gal), and artificial TCU076 (PGA 200 gal).
According to experimental and analytical results, the structural period changed longer gradually when the scoured depth increased, but acceleration of the deck decreased as the scoured depth increased. The semi-active control system with the sliding mode control could effectively reduce the displacement of the deck from the experimental testing of the scoured bridge. Compared with uncontrolled bridge, the semi-active control could decrease about 30% displacement of the deck under the Chi-Chi earthquake TCU076 station (PGA 200 gal).

關鍵字(中)

★ 磁流變阻尼器
★ 振動台
★ 滑模變控制
★ 被動控制
★ 半主動控制

關鍵字(英)

★ MR(Magneto-rheological) damper
★ shaking table
★ sliding mode control
★ passive control
★ semi-active control

論文目次

摘要 ................................................Ⅰ
Abstract.............................................Ⅱ
誌謝................................................Ⅲ
目錄 ...............................................Ⅳ
表目錄 ............................................Ⅵ
圖目錄.............................................Ⅷ
第一章緒論 .........................................1
1.1 研究動機與目的...................................1
1.2 文獻回顧..................................2
1.2.1 結構控制........................2
1.2.2 磁流變阻尼器.....................3
1.2.3 其他.................................3
1.3 論文架構 .................................4
第二章運用滑模變控制於非線性隔震橋梁..................................5
2.1 非線性隔震橋梁之分析模型...................................................5
2.2 滑模變控制之控制器..............6
2.3 滑模面之設計.........................9
2.4 Linear Quadratic Regulator........12
2.5 主動控制之模擬結果................13
2.5.1 目標橋梁模型與輸入地震力....................13
2.5.2 滑模面之設計與分析.................14
2.6 小結 .......................................16
第三章半主動控制於基礎裸露之橋梁實驗.................30
3.1 前言 .......................................30
3.2 目標橋梁 ...............................30
3.2.1 結構尺寸與材料..............30
3.2.2 基礎裸露橋梁...............32
3.2.3 固定基礎橋梁...............32
3.3 磁流變阻尼器........................32
3.3.1 磁流變阻尼器之模型...............................32
3.3.2 磁流變阻尼器之分析模型與實驗...................33
3.4 目標橋梁實驗結果.................36
3.4.1 結構系統識別...............36
3.4.2 控制效果之實驗比較............36
3.4.3 實驗模擬基礎裸露之結果............................37
3.5 小結 .......................................38
第四章基礎裸露橋梁於不同控制下之分析..................98
4.1 前言 .....................................98
4.2 目標橋梁分析模型.................98
4.3 摩擦力 .................................100
4.3.1 庫倫摩擦定律...............100
4.3.2 摩擦力分析模型..........101
4.3.3 摩擦力分析.................103
4.4 目標橋梁實驗與分析比較........104
4.5 小結 ......................................106
第五章結論與建議 ...........................171
5.1 結論 ....................................171
5.2 建議 .....................................173
參考文獻 .............................................174

參考文獻

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陳柏全 (2012)，「隔震橋梁之最佳化結構控制」，國立中央大學土木工程學系博士論文，指導教授：李姿瑩。
陳能鴻 (2013)，「單跨樁基礎橋梁模型之振動台實驗研究」，國立台灣大學工學院土木工程學研究所碩士論文，指導教授：張國鎮。

指導教授

李姿瑩(Tzu-Ying Lee)

審核日期

2015-1-20

推文