供應商管理庫存水準暨補貨規劃之研究

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姓名

蕭妃晏(Feiyen Hsiao) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

土木工程學系

論文名稱

供應商管理庫存水準暨補貨規劃之研究
(Vendor Managed Inventory Level Control and Replenishment Planning)

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至系統瀏覽論文 ( 永不開放)

摘要(中)

近年來，隨著商業環境的快速變遷，使得企業在經營上為了保持市場競爭力，必須提供充足的貨源以隨時能滿足市場的需求變動。因此，若能實施供應商管理庫存系統，且建立良好的補貨水準控管策略，將可以更有效率地進行存貨管理，進而降低整體成本及提升業者營運效率。目前實務上在對於存貨水準的控管仍依賴相關作業人員之經驗與主觀判斷，如此難以瞭解規劃結果之整體最佳性。緣此，本研究以系統最佳化觀點，考量系統總成本最小化為目標，針對存貨水準上下限控管與隨機性需求之問題，發展確定性需求存貨水準上下限控管模式、隨機性需求存貨水準上下限控管模式，以期能提供給決策者進行最佳的補貨水準控管的規劃。本研究利用網路流動技巧及數學規劃方法以構建所有模式，並根據問題特性加上適當的目標式及限制式，以滿足實務的營運條件，此二模式可定式為含額外限制之整數網路流動問題，屬NP-hard問題。因此本研究利用問題分解及合併策略，且配合CPLEX軟體，發展適合的啟發式解法。最後，本研究以連鎖零售業者為立場，針對單一供應商對多個零售商為例，進行範例測試與敏感度分析，進而提出結論與建議。

摘要(英)

Faced with rapid changes and a competitive environment, in order for enterprises to maintain their competitiveness, they must ensure a stable supply of products to satisfy fluctuations in market demand. If a good replenishment strategy is built with the Vendor Management Inventory (VMI), it will not only lead to efficient inventory management, but will also reduce the overall system cost and increase operation efficiency. In practice, the inventory level is controlled manually by experienced planning personnel. Consequently, the planning results may not reflect overall optimality. Therefore, in this study, based on the system optimization perspective, we develop the deterministic-demand upper-and-lower inventory level control model, the stochastic-demand upper-and-lower inventory level control model, with the objective of minimizing the total cost, considering the upper-and-lower inventory level control problem and stochastic daily demands. The models are expected to be useful tools for the planner to decide on the optimal upper-and-lower inventory level planning. We employed the mathematical programming and network flow techniques to develop all the models with suitable objective functions and constraints based on the problem characteristics to comply with real operating requirements. These two models are expected to be formulated as integer network flow problems with side constraints, which are characterized as NP-hard. We developed a solution algorithm for each model by adopting a problem decomposition strategy, coupled with the use of the CPLEX software. Finally, case studies and sensitivity analyses are performed the operating data for one supplier and retailers from the chain retailers. Conclusions and suggestions then are given.

關鍵字(中)

★ 供應商管理庫存
★ 存貨水準上下限
★ 含額外限制之整數網路流動問題
★ 啟發解法

關鍵字(英)

★ vendor management inventory
★ upper-and-lower inventory level
★ integer network flow problems with side constraints
★ heuristic

論文目次

摘要　I
ABSTRACT　II
誌謝　III
目錄　IV
圖目錄　VII
表目錄　VIII
第一章　緒論　1
1.1研究背景與動機　1
1.2研究目的與範圍　4
1.3研究方法與流程 4
第二章　文獻回顧　6
2.1供應鏈管理　6
2.1.1供應鏈演進　6
2.1.2供應鏈管理定義　7
2.2供應商管理庫存　8
2.3存貨管理　10
2.3.1存貨的意義和功能　10
2.3.2存貨成本的組成　11
2.3.3存貨的分類與類型　12
2.3.4存貨管理策略類型 13
2.3.5存貨管理相關文獻 17
2.4時空網路　19
2.4.1空運方面　19
2.4.2陸運方面　20
2.5隨機性規劃　21
2.5.1隨機性規劃問題之相關理論　21
2.5.2隨機性規劃問題之相關文獻　23
2.6小結　25
第三章　模式構建　26
3.1問題描述　26
3.2確定性需求存貨水準上下限控管模式　28
3.2.1基本假設　28
3.2.2時空網路設計　29
3.2.3模式符號說明　34
3.2.4數學定式　35
3.2.5求解演算法　39
3.3隨機性需求存貨水準上下限控管模式　40
3.3.1基本假設或已知資訊　40
3.3.2時空網路設計　40
3.3.3模式符號說明　42
3.3.4數學定式　43
3.3.5求解演算法　47
3.4小結　50
第四章　範例測試　51
4.1資料輸入與電腦演算環境設定　51
4.2測試結果與分析　53
4.2.1確定性需求模式之測試結果　53
4.2.2隨機事件模擬次數分析　54
4.2.3隨機性需求模式之測試結果　55
4.2.4模式評估分析　56
4.3敏感度分析　58
4.3.1確定性需求模式之敏感度分析　58
4.3.1.1零售商需求量變動　58
4.3.1.2零售商存貨水準節線流量上限值變動　59
4.3.1.3零售商存貨水準節線流量下限值變動　60
4.3.1.4供應商與零售商之存貨成本比變動　60
4.3.1.5方案分析　61
4.3.2隨機性需求模式之敏感度分析　65
4.3.2.1隨機需求平均值變動　65
4.3.2.2隨機需求標準差變動　66
4.3.2.3供應商配送固定成本變動　66
4.3.2.4缺貨成本變動　67
4.4小結　67
第五章　結論與建議　68
5.1結論　68
5.2建議 69
5.3貢獻 70
參考文獻 71
附錄　77
附錄一　確定性需求模式之各零售商之平均需求量　77

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指導教授

顏上堯(Shangyao Yan)

審核日期

2015-8-25

推文