探討區域性大腦網路恢復於睡眠遲惰研究

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姓名

洪寅傑(Yin-Jie Hong) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

生物醫學工程研究所

論文名稱

探討區域性大腦網路恢復於睡眠遲惰研究
(Investigating the Brain Recovering along Sleep Inertia using fMRI)

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摘要(中)

睡眠佔了人的一生將近三分之一的時間,是人類維持正常生理機能以及消除疲勞的重要歷程。然而,若沒有良好的睡眠習慣及睡眠效率,睡醒之後我們將面對睡眠遲惰所帶來的短暫負面影響。所謂的睡眠遲惰是從睡眠中覺醒後的暫時性功能下降,包含行為以及認知功能,亦懷疑可能是大腦網路尚未回復聯結的狀態。先前研究指出,睡眠遲惰的持續時間有可能從幾分鐘至幾小時,但其與大腦網路的關聯性所知甚少。因此在本研究中,我們將試圖探討睡眠遲惰對大腦網路影響的動態歷程。我們利用同步記錄腦電圖訊號與功能性磁振造影訊號之技術來進行十位正常受試者的睡眠遲惰研究,其中觀察受試者在經過夜間睡眠後的睡眠遲惰程度以及大腦網路在清醒後的動態變化。我們著重於研究三個主要關於睡眠調節、運動相關的大腦網路: 1. 預設模式網路 (Default Mode Network) 2. 感覺運動網路 (Sensory Motor Network) 3. 丘腦-皮層網路 (Thalamo-Cortical)。結果發現,受試者於認知行為測試中的反應時間長短在睡醒後有明顯地提昇 (約睡醒後五十分鐘),而大腦網路在睡眠遲惰期間,大腦的連結及活化依舊持續地在改變及重整。但將低頻振幅與功能性連結相比,低頻部分 (0.01-0.1Hz) 則沒有隨著清醒時間而產生明顯的變化。另外我們觀察到行為表現和大腦的活化呈現相反的趨勢,且感覺運動網路在慣用/非慣用腦區在睡後的連結及活化有明顯的強弱及變化差異。其中,丘腦的連結及活化在睡後有著明顯的下降,但是與皮層和感覺運動網路之間的連結卻有逐漸增強的趨勢。因此,我們認為丘腦似乎在睡眠遲惰期間扮演著重要的角色,負責調節深層腦區與皮層之間感覺運動相關的大腦網路功能,進而影響我們的行為表現。

摘要(英)

Sleep is an important procedure, which can reboot our brain and refresh our body. However, the sleep inertia occurred immediately after sleeping, if we did not have good sleep habit and efficient. Sleep inertia is transition state, which can attenuate our behavior/cognitive performance in a period of time. Until now, the mechanisms of sleep inertia are poorly understood, but suppose to the connections of brain networks did not recovered to the original level. Previous studies indicated that the sleep inertia duration may last minutes to hours, but rarely understand the brain working patterns during these times. In present study, we used the simultaneous EEG-fMRI recording to investigate the dynamic changes after awakening. We also combine the behavior and fMRI to observe the interactions between functional connectivity and βPVT. In the results, we found that the brain keeps the reorganization after awakening. The participant′s behavior performance reaction time shows the significantly increased after awakening fifty minutes. ALFF did not show the difference in the lower frequency bands 0.01 to 0.1 Hz. Besides, we found the opposite phenomenon between behavior performance and βPVT. Furthermore, the different strength and specific changes occurred in the sensory motor network (SMN) after awakening, no matter in connectivity and PVT. It seems the brain have difference in dominant and non-dominant side during sleep inertia period. The thalamus connectivity and βPVT have significant decreased after awakening, but the connections between cortical/SMN was increased. We infer that thalamo-cortical play the key role to handle the sensory related functions during sleep inertia period, thereby affecting our behavior performance.

關鍵字(中)

★ 睡眠遲惰
★ 功能性磁振造影
★ 功能性連結
★ 丘腦-皮層網路
★ 低頻振幅
★ 精神運動警戒任務

關鍵字(英)

★ sleep inertia
★ fMRI
★ functional connectivity
★ thalamo-cortical
★ amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF)
★ psychomotor vigilance task (PVT)

論文目次

致謝 I

中文摘要 VII

Abstract VIII

Contents IX

List of Figures XI

List of Tables XIII

Chapter 1. Introduction 1

1-1 Sleep 1

1-2 Sleep Scoring 3

1-3 Brain Dynamic Processes Across Sleep-Wake Transitions 4

1-4 Sleep Inertia Phenomenon 8

1-5 Research Motivation 12

Chapter 2. Materials & Methods 14

2-1 Participants 14

2-2 Experiment Design 14

2-3 Actigraphy 16

2-4 EEG Protocol 16

2-5 Functional MRI 18

2-5.1 Functional MRI Protocol 18

2-5.2 Task fMRI Analysis 20

2-5.3 Resting-State fMRI Preprocess 22

2-5.3.1 Functional Connectivity Analysis 23

2-5.3.2 Amplitude of Low Frequency Fluctuation Analysis 24

2-6 Group Analyses 26

2-7 Correlation Matrix 27

Chapter 3. Results 28

3-1 Behaviors 28

3-1.1 Participant’s Information 28

3-1.2 Sleep Logs before Experiment Day 29

3-1.3 Sleep Scoring during Experiment Day 31

3-1.4 Reaction Time of PVT Tasks 33

3-1.5 Correlation between Behavior Results 35

3-2 Sleep Inertia in Neuroimaging 37

3-2.1 PVT during Task 37

3-2.2 ALFF 39

3-2.3 Functional Connectivity 40

3-2.4 Correlation of Global Connectivity (Rest/PVT) 45

3-2.5 Interactions between Resting-state and Task-reduced status 59

Chapter 4. Discussion 61

4-1 Sleep Inertia Duration 61

4-2 Criterion of Suffer the Sleep Inertia 62

4-3 Inspection of Dynamic Processes upon Awakening by the Interaction between Tasked-Induced Activity and Intrinsic Functional Connectivity 63

4-4 Consciousness switching upon awakening 64

4-5 Comparison with Previous Study 65

4-6 Fusion 66

4-7 Combination of EEG and Functional MRI during Sleep Inertia 67

Chapter 5. Conclusion 69

References 70

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指導教授

吳昌衛(Changwei W Wu)

審核日期

2015-8-31

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