博碩士論文 992406002 詳細資訊




以作者查詢圖書館館藏 以作者查詢臺灣博碩士 以作者查詢全國書目 勘誤回報 、線上人數:16 、訪客IP:18.118.2.15
姓名 蔡直佑(Jhih-You Cai)  查詢紙本館藏   畢業系所 光電科學與工程學系
論文名稱 高光效多功能 LED 投射光形之研究
(A Study on Illumination Light Pattern of High Performance and Multi-functional LED Projection Lamps)
相關論文
★ 奈米電漿子感測技術於生物分子之功能分析★ 表面結構擴散片之設計、製作與應用
★ 結合柱狀透鏡陣列之非成像車頭燈光型設計★ CCD 量測儀器之研究與探討
★ 鈦酸鋇晶體非均向性自繞射之研究及其在光資訊處理之應用★ 多光束繞射光學元件應用在DVD光學讀取頭之設計
★ 高位移敏感度之全像多工光學儲存之研究★ 利用亂相編碼與體積全像之全光學式光纖感測系統
★ 體積光柵應用於微物3D掃描之研究★ 具有偏極及光強分佈之孔徑的繞射極限的研究
★ 三維亂相編碼之體積全像及其應用★ 透鏡像差的量測與MTF的驗證
★ 二位元隨機編碼之全像光學鎖之研究★ 亂相編碼於體積全像之全光學分佈式光纖感測系統之研究
★ 自發式相位共軛鏡之相位穩定與應用於自由空間光通訊之研究★ 體積全像空間濾波器應用於物體 三度空間微米級位移之量測
檔案 [Endnote RIS 格式]    [Bibtex 格式]    [相關文章]   [文章引用]   [完整記錄]   [館藏目錄]   [檢視]  [下載]
  1. 本電子論文使用權限為同意立即開放。
  2. 已達開放權限電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的,進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。
  3. 請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定,切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送,以免觸法。

摘要(中) 本論文中,我們先以一般市售高功率白光 LEDs 為光源,分析其光源之光學特性,其中包含光源的光展量之計算與等效光通量密度之分析,並評價光源對投射光形的照明之影響。本論文發展出可用於大尺寸的可變投射光形之設計,搭配合適二階光學設計與適用於該光學系統的 LEDs 光源,使該投射光形之照明燈具,達到具有高投射距離之功效,並兼顧光形可變的廣泛照明。另一方面,具有對比光形的投射照明亦為本論文之研究,相對前者需同時兼顧光形的對比度與中心照度,其設計更為困難,而如何達到具有高光效之照明設計,光源本身的光展量與光通量密度之評估更為重要。本論文的最後一節,將評估具有低光展量與高光通量密度特性的白光 LDs 光源,其對投射光形的照明影響。
摘要(英) In this thesis, we have successfully analyzed optical performances on the basis of commercial high power pcW-LEDs. The analysis includes the étendue and exitance of the light source, and it can be utilized to estimate the quality of light sources to the illumination of projection lighting applications. In the thesis, a design of projection lamp with adjustable properties which can alter the light pattern. Accordingly, with well-designed secondary optical components, as well as proper LED light sources into the optical system, the highly optical performance can be achieved. On the other hand, the importance of the design of projection lamp with the high contrast property cannot be overestimated. Consequently, the thesis also considers the optical performances in LED light sources to fulfill the light pattern with high contrast and central illuminance. Finally, the estimation of white LDs with low étendue and high exitance has also been applied and analyzed for projection lighting.
關鍵字(中) ★ LEDs
★ 光展量
★ 等效光通量密度
★ 投射光形
★ 二階光學設計
★ 投射距離
★ 對比光形
★ LDs
關鍵字(英) ★ pcW-LEDs
★ étendue
★ exitance
★ projection
★ contrast
★ LDs
論文目次 摘要 I

Abstract II

致謝 III

目錄 IV

圖目錄 VII

表目錄 XIII

第一章 緒論 1

1-1 研究背景 1

1-2 研究動機與目的 5

1-3 論文大綱 9

第二章 基礎原理 11

2-1 基本原理 11

2-1-1 反射定律 12

2-1-2 折射定律 13

2-1-3 光線追跡 14

2-2 光度學 18

2-3 光展量 23

2-4 中場擬合法 25

第三章 大尺寸可變光形之投射照明研究 27

3-1-1 投射光形之照明指標 28

3-1-2 目標與初階光學設計 28

3-2 LED 光源特性分析與探討 31

3-2-1 LED 光展量計算 33

3-2-2 LED 光通量密度之分析 39

3-3 大尺寸可變光形之設計與結果 43

3-4 總結 52

第四章 投射對比光形之研究 54

4-1 對比光形之設計目標與初階設計 55

4-2 對比光形之設計結果 58

4-3 實驗驗證 66

4-4 低光展量與高光通量密度之光源 71

4-4-1 白光雷射二極體 71

4-4-2 白光 LDs光源應用於投射光形之探討 74

4-5 總結 82

第五章 結論 84

參考文獻 88

中英文名詞對照表 94

Publication List 101

參考文獻 [1] Wikipedia website, https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich_Göbel.

[2] M. Josephson, Edison: a biography (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1959).

[3] R. Kane and H. Sell, Revolution in lamps: a chronicle of 50 years of progress (The Fairmont Press, 2001).

[4] J. Kaufman, IES Lighting Handbook 1981 Reference Volume (Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, New York, 1981).

[5] B. W. D′Andrade and S. R. Forrest. “White organic light‐emitting devices for solid‐state lighting,” Adv. Mater. 16, 1585-1595 (2004).

[6] E. F. Schubert and J. K. Kim, “Solid-state light sources getting smart,” Science 308, 1274-1278 (2005).

[7] Philips website, http://www.lighting.philips.com/us_en/connect/professional/hid.wpd.

[8] D. A. Steigerwald, J. C. Bhat, D. Collins, R. M. Fletcher, M. O. Holcomb, M. J. Ludowise, P. S. Martin, and S. L.Rudaz, “Illumination with solid state lighting technology,” IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron. 8, 310-320 (2002).

[9] A. Zukauskas, M. S. Shur, and R. Caska, Introduction to Solid-state Lighting (John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2002).

[10] E. F. Schubert, Light-Emitting Diodes, 2nd ed. (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2006).

[11] N. Holonyak and S. F. Bevaqua, “Coherent (visible) light emission from Ga(As1–xPx) Junctions,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 1, 82 (1962).

[12] S. Nakamura and G. Fasol, The Blue Laser Diode: GaN based light emitters and lasers (Spinger, 1997).

[13] Y. Shimizu, K. Sakano, Y. Noguchi, and T. Moriguchi, “Light emitting device having a nitride compound semiconductor and a phosphor containing a garnet fluorescent material,” United States Patent, US5998925 (1999).

[14] R. Mueller-Mach, G. Mueller, and M. R. Krames, H. A. Höppe, F. Stadler, W. Schnick, T. Juestel, and P. Schmidt, “Highly efficient all-nitride phosphor- converted white light emitting diode,” Phys. Stat. Sol. 202, 1727-1732 (2005).

[15] A. A. Setlur, A. M. Srivastava, H. A. Comanzo, and D. D. Doxsee, “Phosphor blends for generating white light from near-UV/blue light-emitting devices,” United States Patent, US6685852 B2 (2004).

[16] J. K. Sheu, S. J. Chang, C. H. Kuo, Y. K. Su, L. W. Wu, Y. C. Lin, W. C. Lai, J. M. Tsai, G. C. Chi, and R. K. Wu, “White-light emission from near UV InGaN-GaN LED chip precoated with blue/green/red phosphors,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 15, 18-20 (2003).

[17] L. Vriens, G. Acket, and C. Ronda, “UV/blue LED–phosphor device with efficient conversion of UV/blues light to visible light,” United States Patent, US5813753 B2 (1998).

[18] S. C. Allen and A. J. Steckl, “ELiXIR¬¬¬ solid-state luminaire with enhanced light extraction by internal reflection,” J. Display Technol. 3, 155-159 (2007).

[19] S. Jeon, P. Eun, Y. H. Park, Choi, J. C. Park, H. Lee, Gwang Chul, Kim, and T. Whan “White-light generation through ultraviolet-emitting diode and white-emitting phosphor,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 3696-3698 (2004).

[20] T. F. McNulty, D. D. Doxsee, and J. W. Rose, “UV reflector and UV-based light source having reduced UV radiation leakage incorporating the same,” United States Patent, US6686676 B2 (2004).

[21] Y. Sato, N. Takahashi, and S. Sato, “Full-color fluorescent display devices using a near-UV light-emitting diode,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 35, 838-839 (1996).

[22] S. Muthu, “Controlling method and system for RGB based LED luminary,” United States Patent, US6507159 B2 (2003).

[23] S. Muthu, F. J. P. Schuurmans, and M. D. Pashley, “Red, green, and blue LEDs for white light illumination,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 8, 333-338 (2002).

[24] C. C. Sun, I. Moreno, Y. C. Lo, B. C. Chiu, and W. T. Chien, “Collimating lamp with well color mixing of red/green/blue LEDs,” Opt. Express 20(S1), A75–A84 (2012).

[25] M. G. Craford, “LEDs for solid state lighting and other emerging applications: status, trends, and challenges,” Proc. SPIE 5941, 1-10 (2005).

[26] 孫慶成,LED 的效率極限與照明光學設計的極致,LED固態照明研討會論文集,中華民國九十八年。

[27] Cree News, http://www.cree.com/News-and-Events/Cree-News/Press-Releases/2014/March/300LPW-LED-barrier.

[28] International Energy Agency, Light’s labour’s lost : policies for energy- efficient lighting (OECD/IEA, Paris, 2006).

[29] LEDinside, http://www.ledinside.com.tw/knowledge/20090109-8979.html.

[30] Adoption of Light-Emitting Diodes in Common Lighting Applications, DOE SSL Report, (2013).

[31] H. Ries and J. A. Muschaweck, “Tailored freeform optical surfaces,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 19(3), 590–595 (2002).

[32] R. A. Hicks, “Designing a mirror to realize a given projection,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 22(2), 323–330 (2005).

[33] L. L. Doskolovich and S. I. Kharitonov, “Calculating the surface shape of mirrors for shaping an image in the form of a line,” J. Opt. Technol. 72(4), 318–321 (2005).

[34] B. Parkyn and D. Pelka, “Free-form illumination lens designed by a pseudo-rectangular lawnmower algorithm,” Proc. SPIE 6338, 633808-7 (2006).

[35] L. L. Doskolovich and M. A. Moiseev, “Calculations for refracting optical elements for forming directional patterns in the form of a rectangle,” J. Opt. Technol. 76(7), 430–434 (2009).

[36] J. J. Chen and C. T. Lin, “Freeform surface design for a light-emitting diode–based collimating lens,” Opt. Eng. 49(9), 093001 (2010).

[37] F. R. Fournier, W. J. Cassarly, and J. P. Rolland, “Fast freeform reflector generation using source-target maps,” Opt. Express 18, 5295–5304 (2010).

[38] M. A. Moiseev, L. L. Doskolovich, and N. L. Kazanskiy, “Design of high-efficient freeform LED lens for illumination of elongated rectangular regions,” Opt. Express 19, A225-A233 (2011).

[39] W. A. Parkyn and D. G. Pelka, “New TIR lens applications for light-emitting diodes,” Proc. SPIE 3139, 135–140 (1997).

[40] F. Fournier and J. Rolland, “Optimization of freeform lightpipes for light-emitting-diode projectors,” Appl. Optics 47, 957-966 (2008).

[41] J. C. Chaves, W. Falicoff, B. Parkyn, P. Benítez, J. C. Miñano, “Increased brightness by light recirculation through an LED source,” Proc. SPIE 7059, 705902 (2008).

[42] H. J. Cornelissen, H. Ma, C. Ho, M. Li, and C. Mu, “Compact collimators for high brightness blue LEDs using dielectric multilayers,” Proc. SPIE 8123, 81230J (2011).

[43] A. Cvetkovic, O. Dross, J. Chaves, P. Benitez, J. C. Miñano, and R. Mohedano, “Etendue-preserving mixing and projection optics for high-luminance LEDs, applied to automotive headlamps,” Opt. Express 14, 13014–13020 (2006).

[44] K. Eichhorn, “LEDs in Automotive Lighting,” Proc. SPIE 6134, 613405 (2006).

[45] W. Pohlmann, T. Vieregge, and M. Rode, “High Performance LED Lamps for the Automobile: Needs and Opportunities,” Proc. SPIE 6797, 67970D (2007).

[46] P. Brick, T. Schmid, “Automotive headlamp concepts with low-beam and high-beam out of a single LED,” Proc. SPIE 8170, 817008 (2011).

[47] Y. C. Lo, C. C. Chen, H. Y. Chou, K. Y. Yang, and C. C. Sun, “ A design of a bike headlamp based on a power white-LED,” Opt. Eng. 50, 080503 (2011).

[48] Y. C. Lo, J. Y. Cai, C. W. Chen, and C. C. Sun, “A compact LED-based bike head lamp designed for meeting K-mark regulation, “ Opt. Laser Technol. 44, 1172-1175 (2012).

[49] 彭偉捷,高功率LED之歐規汽車近光燈設計,國立中央大學光電所碩士論文,中華民國九十四年。

[50] 藍鈺邴,高功率白光發光二極體之汽車頭燈設計,國立中央大學光電所碩士論文,中華民國九十五年。

[51] 孫瑞宏,高功率LED應用於車前燈之設計,國立中央大學光電所碩士論文,中華民國九十五年。

[52] 胡志銘,特殊封裝之白光LED應用於汽車近光燈之研究,國立中央大學光電所碩士論文,中華民國九十七年。

[53] 楊凱宇,高功率LED之歐洲法規自行車前燈設計,國立中央大學光電所碩士論文,中華民國九十八年。

[54] 蔡直佑,高位移容忍度LED車前燈之光學設計,國立中央大學光電所碩士論文,中華民國九十九年。

[55] 馮世典,德規 LED 自行車前燈光學設計與驗證,國立中央大學光電所碩士論文,中華民國一百年。

[56] C. C. Sun, T. X. Lee, S. H. Ma, Y. L. Lee, and S. M. Huang, “Precise optical modeling for LED lighting verified by cross correlation in the midfield region,” Opt. Lett. 31, 2193-2195 (2006).

[57] W. T. Chien, C. C. Sun, and I. Moreno, “Precise optical model of multi-chip white LEDs,” Opt. Express 15(12), 7572–7577 (2007).

[58] C. C. Sun, W. T. Chien, I. Moreno, C. C. Hsieh, and Y. C. Lo, ” Analysis of the far-field region of LEDs,” Opt. Express 17, 13918-13927 (2009).

[59] E. Hecht, Optics, 4th ed. (Addison Wesley, San Francisco, 2002).

[60] V. N. Mahajan, Optical Imaging and Aberrations: Part I Ray Geometrical Optics (SPIE PRESS, Washington, 1998).

[61] W. T. Welford, High Collection Nonimaging Optics, (Academic, SanDiego, Calif, 1989).

[62] R. Winston, Nonimaging Optics, (Academic, SanDiego, Calif, 2005).

[63] CIE 1988 2° spectral luminous efficiency functions of photopic vision, CIE Publication No. 86 (1988b).

[64] C. C. Sun, T. X. Lee, S. H. Ma, Y. L. Lee, and S. M. Huang, “Precise optical modeling for LED lighting verified by cross correlation in the midfield region,” Opt. Lett. 31, 2193-2195 (2006).

[65] W. T. Chien, C. C. Sun, and I. Moreno, “Precise optical model of multi-chip white LEDs,” Opt. Express 15(12), 7572–7577 (2007).

[66] C. C. Sun, W. T. Chien, I. Moreno, C. C. Hsieh, and Y. C. Lo, ” Analysis of the far-field region of LEDs,” Opt. Express 17, 13918-13927 (2009).

[67] I. Moreno, C. C. Sun, and R. Ivanov, “Far-field condition for light-emitting diode arrays,” Appl. Optics 48(6), 1190-1197 (2009).

[68] C. Y. Chen, Y. S. Tang, H. Y. Yang, H. H. Chen, and T. W. SHIH, “Batwing LED with remote phosphor configuration,” United States Patent, US8497519 B2 (2011).

[69] H. W. Lee and C. X. Tseng, “Batwing beam based led and backlight module using the same,” United States Patent, US20120113621 (2010).

[70] R. S. West, G. D. Sasser, and J. W. Stewart, “Side emitting light emitting device,” United States Patent, US6598998 B2 (2001).

[71] R. S. West, G. D. Sasser, J. W. Stewart, “Side emitting LED and lens,” United States Patent, US6679621 B2 (2011).

[72] H. H. Wu, K. H. Lin, and S. T. Lin, “A study on the heat dissipation of high power multi-chip COB LEDs,” Microelectron. J. 43, 280-287 (2012).

[73] Y. Ohno, “Color rendering and luminous efficacy of white LED spectra,” Proc. SPIE 5530, 88-98 (2004).

[74] J. H. Oh, J. R. Oh, H. K. Park, and Y. G. Sung, YR Do, “New paradigm of multi-chip white LEDs: combination of an InGaN blue LED and full down-converted phosphor-converted LEDs,” Opt. Express 19, A270-A279 (2011).

[75] J. K. Sheu, S. J. Chang, C. H. Kuo, Y. K. Su, L. W. Wu, Y. C. Lin, W. C. Lai, J. M. Tsai, G. C. Chi, and R. K. Wu, “White-light emission from near UV InGaN-GaN LED chip precoated with blue/green/red phosphors,” IEEE Photonic Tech. L. 15, 18-20 (2003).

[76] For example, J. P. Lewis, in Vision Interface 95 (Canadian Image Proceeding and Pattern Recognition Society, 1995), P. 120.

[77] 孫慶成,光電科技概論,全華圖書公司。

[78] Cree Inc., http://www.cree.com/LED-Components-and-Modules/Products.

[79] BRO ASAP, http://www.breault.com/software/asap-features.

[80] Flashlight Basic Performance Standard, Approved as an American National Standard, (2009).

[81] Kraftfahrt-Bundesamt, http://www.kba.de/.

[82] StVZO,22A No.23: http://www.enhydralutris.de/Fahrrad/Beleuchtung/node403.html.

[83] T. Kozaki, S. i. Nagahama, and T. Mukai, “Recent progress of high-power GaN-based laser diodes,” Proc. SPIE 6485, 648503 (2007).

[84] A. Michiue, T. Miyoshia, T. Yanamotoa, T. Kozakia, S. i. Nagahamaa, Y. Narukawab, M. Sanob, T. Yamadac, and T. Mukai, “Recent development of nitride LEDs and LDs,” Proc. SPIE 7216, 72161Z (2009).

[85] S. Masui, T. Miyoshi, T. Yanamoto, and S. I. Nagahama, “Blue and Green Laser Diodes for Large Laser Display,” CLEO-PR SA1-3, 1-2 (2013).

[86] H. Y. Ryu and D. H. Kim, “High-brightness Phosphor-conversion White Light Source Using InGaN Blue Laser Diode,” J. Opt. Soc. Korea 14, 415-419 (2010).

[87] M. Traub, S. Hengesbach, and D. Hoffmann, “High Power Diode Lasers and Their Applications: Recent Developments and Future Trends,” in International Photonics and Optoelectronics Meetings, OSA Technical Digest (online), MF1A, MF1A.4 (2012).

[88] K. A. Denault, M. Cantore, S. Nakamura, S. P. DenBaars, and R. Seshadri, “Efficient and stable laser-driven white lighting,” AIP Adv. 3, 072107 (2013).

[89] G. Ledru, C. Catalano, P. Dupuis, and G. Zissis, “Efficiency and stability of a phosphor-conversion white light source using a blue laser diode,” AIP Adv. 4, 107134 (2014).

[90] G. G. Stokes, “On the Change of Refrangibility of Light,” Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A, 142, 463–562 (1852).

[91] R. Mueller-Mach, G. O. Mueller, M. R. Krames, and T. Trottier, “High-power phosphor-converted light-emitting diodes based on III-nitrides,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant., 8(2), 339–345 (2002).

[92] Y. Zhu, N. Narendran, and Y. Gu, “Investigation of the optical properties of YAG: Ce phosphor,” Proc. SPIE 6337, 63370S (2006).

[93] 7. C. C. Sun, Y. Y. Chang, T. H. Yang, T. Y. Chung, C. C. Chen, T. X. Lee, D. R. Li, C. Y. Lu, Z. Y. Ting, B. Glorieux, Y. C. Chen, K. Y. Lai, and C. Y. Liu, “Packaging Efficiency in Phosphor-converted White LEDs and its Impact to the Limit of Luminous Efficacy,” J. of Solid State Lighting 1, 19 (2014).
指導教授 孫慶成(Ching-Cherng Sun) 審核日期 2015-8-28
推文 facebook   plurk   twitter   funp   google   live   udn   HD   myshare   reddit   netvibes   friend   youpush   delicious   baidu   
網路書籤 Google bookmarks   del.icio.us   hemidemi   myshare   

若有論文相關問題,請聯絡國立中央大學圖書館推廣服務組 TEL:(03)422-7151轉57407,或E-mail聯絡  - 隱私權政策聲明