Effect of Vertical Drain Methods on The Soil Liquefaction

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陳德富(Tran Duc Phu) 查詢紙本館藏

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土木工程學系

論文名稱

Effect of Vertical Drain Methods on The Soil Liquefaction

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摘要(中)

地震引致的土壤液化會對建築物造成損害、進而威脅人民和身家財產。大多數的對策是提出減少積聚在土壤內超額孔隙水壓力，以加強地震來時土壤對抗液化的能力。垂直排水系統是公認有效的方法，透過使用高滲透性的材料、提供水壓能於較短且迅速的消散路徑。在這項研究中，目的是利用離心模型試驗來證明垂直排水系統對抗土壤液化的效果。而離心模型試驗內容包括使用地工合成排水帶，垂直排水砂樁於來改良液化土層。並利用加速度計及孔隙水壓計和LVDT等感測器，來量測土層間剪力波速的傳遞，自然頻率，孔隙水壓力變化的趨勢和地表位移（水平和垂直），並利用合適的軟體描述，令物理數據變化更加明顯。根據測試結果，垂直排水系統能夠顯著減少在地震作用下超孔隙水壓力的上升，並提供快速通過的水流通道，有效減少地表沉陷和建築物的傾斜與變形。
關鍵詞：離心模型試驗研究，土壤液化，垂直排水系統。

摘要(英)

It was observed that liquefaction induced by earthquake causes series damages to buildings and threatens the people and their properties. A majority of countermeasures were proposed to reduce the build-up of excess pore water pressure and to enhance the stiffness of the soil during earthquake against soil liquefaction. The vertical drain systems are well known methods which is to provide rapidly shorter dissipation path of water by the use of higher permeability material playing role as vertical drain and it can be installed through the liquefiable soil layers against earthquake-induced soil liquefaction. In this study, the purpose is to clarify the effect of vertical drain methods on the soil liquefaction by high quality centrifuge modeling. Several centrifuge modelling experiments were performed including geosynthetic belt drains and pile sand drains as vertical drains in improved model. By the use of centrifuge data supported, two arrays of accelerometers, the pore water pressure transducers and several displacement transducers were assembled to examine the shear wave propagation, predominant frequency, pore water pressure tendency and ground displacement (on horizontal and vertical plane) and utilize suitable software to describe the physical data meaning become more obvious. According to the test results, it was observed that the vertical drain systems could reduce the excess pore water pressure ratio significantly under seismic loading and fasten dissipation process by providing rapidly water flow path, thereupon seemingly leading curtail surface settlement of soil and angular distortion of building thank to lower excess pore water pressure.
Keywords: Centrifuge modelling, soil liquefaction, vertical drain systems.

關鍵字(中)

★ 離心模型試驗研究
★ 土壤液化
★ 垂直排水系統

關鍵字(英)

★ Centrifuge modelling
★ soil liquefaction
★ vertical drain systems

論文目次

ABSTRACT I
摘要 II
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS III
TABLE OF CONTENTS IV
LIST OF TABLES VI
LIST OF FIGURES VII
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 RESEARCH MOTIVATION 1
1.2 REASEARCH TARGET 3
1.3 ORGANIZATION OF THESIS 4
CHAPTER 2 LITTERATURE REVIEW 6
2.1 HISTORICAL CASES OF EARTHQUAKE LIQUEFACTION DAMAGE 6
2.2 RELATIVE STUDIES 7
2.3 SUMMARY 15
CHAPTER 3 CENTRIFUGE MODELING PRINCIPLE AND APPARATUS 30
3.1 NCU GEOTECHNICAL CENTRIFUGE APPARATUS 30
3.1.1 Geotechnical centrifuge 30
3.1.2 Data acquisition system 32
3.2 SCALING LAWS 33
3.2.1 Centrifugal acceleration 33
3.2.2 Other application in scaling laws 34
3.3 SERVO-HYDRAULIC SHAKING TABLE 36
3.4 LAMINAR CONTAINER 37
3.5 ELECTRIC SENSOR TRANDUCERS 37
3.6 TRAVELING PLUVIATION APPARATUS 38
3.7 SOIL PROPERTY 39
3.8 VISCOSITY FLUID SOLUTION 40
CHAPTER 4 EXPERIEMENTAL PROCEDURE AND PROFILE 59
4.1 PREPARATION OF MODEL 59
4.2 TESTING PROFILE DEVELOPMENT 60
4.2.1 Prior work 60
4.2.2 Designed testing profile and testing organization 62
CHAPTER 5 TEST RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 76
5.1 ACCELERATION RESPONSES 76
5.1.1 Predominant frequency 76
5.1.2 Observed acceleration in main shaking at various elevation 78
5.2 EXCESS PORE PRESSURE 81
5.2.1 Without building load 82
5.2.2 With building load 88
5.3 SURFACE SETTLEMENT 94
5.3.1 Without structure load on ground surface 94
5.3.2 With structure load on ground surface 97
CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORK 134
6.1 PREDOMINANT FREQUENCY 134
6.2 EXCESS PORE WATER PRESSURE 135
6.3 SURFACE SETTLEMENT 137
6.4 FUTURE WORK 137
REFERENCES 139

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指導教授

洪汶宜(Wen-Yi Hung)

審核日期

2016-8-9

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