蔗糖水熱碳化法及後續活化製備活性碳以及活性碳對空氣過濾的應用

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姓名

郝世偉(Shih-Wei Hao) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

化學工程與材料工程學系

論文名稱

蔗糖水熱碳化法及後續活化製備活性碳以及活性碳對空氣過濾的應用
(Activated carbon derived from hydrothermal treatment of sucrose and its air filtration application)

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摘要(中)

本研究利用蔗糖水熱碳化法 (hydrothermal carbonization, HTC)以及後續活化製備活性碳，並且將活性碳應用於空氣過濾用途以製備生物可分解濾材。本研究利用不同水熱合成參數製備水熱產物 (hydrochar)，參數調整如：反應時間、反應溫度、蔗糖濃度、溶液pH值以及氮摻雜。活化部分則是利用氫氧化鉀在800°C的高溫與水熱產物劇烈反應產生活性碳。
水熱產物以及活性碳的表面形貌可藉由掃描式電子顯微鏡 (scanning electron microscopy, SEM)進行分析。氣相層析質譜儀 (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, GC-MS)則能夠探討溶液pH值對於水熱產物反應的影響。經由傅里葉轉換紅外光譜 (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, FTIR)可成功比對活化前後吸收峰的差異，以確定樣品確實從碳球轉變為活性碳。元素分析儀 (CHNS/O elemental analyzer)的分析結果可以證明氮元素成功摻雜進入水熱產物以及活性碳。氮氣吸附孔隙儀 (BET surface area measurement)量測的結果能夠提供樣品活化程度的影響並且證明活性碳材料的吸附性能，其中合成樣品的最高比表面積結果高達3026 m2/g。
基於能夠具備空氣過濾性能並且必須符合生物可分解的條件，我們使用活性碳以及紙漿為原料，以傳統抄紙方式製備空氣過濾紙，其中活性碳作為過濾材的吸附劑而紙漿作為基材。最終以TSI 8130標準測試方法量測空氣過濾紙的過濾效能，量測的結果證明其過濾效能已達到量產商業化濾網產品的1/4。

摘要(英)

In this work, activated carbon was prepared by hydrothermal carbonization of sucrose and its further activation process. An air filtration application was performed using activated carbon as biodegradable materials. Different parameters that produced hydrochar was investigated including reaction time, reaction temperature, sucrose concentration, pH effect of hydrothermal solution and nitrogen doping. Activated carbon was obtained from a dramatic chemical reaction with KOH at 800°C.
The morphology of hydrochar and activated carbon was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to investigate the mechanism of hydrochar formation with different pH of hydrothermal solution. Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) was used to confirm activation. The results of elemental analysis were strong evidence of nitrogen doping. Surface area and pore size analysis results to allow for comparison of the degree of activation. The highest surface area of our activated sample is up to 3026 m2/g.
As more serious air pollution problems and the rise of environmental awareness, we used hydrothermal carbonization-derived activated carbon for air filtration application. By doing so, we hope to develop a biodegradable filtering material which can combine filtering with biodegradable functionalities.
To achieve the requirement of filtering and biodegradable, an air filtration paper which was used activated carbon and pulp as materials was synthesized. Activated carbon act as adsorbents and pulp serve as substrate. The filtering ability of our samples were measured by TSI model 8130 testing method and results of filtering efficiency achieve a quarter of commercial air filter product.

關鍵字(中)

★ 蔗糖
★ 水熱碳化法
★ 活性碳
★ 高比表面積
★ 空氣過濾
★ 生物可分解

關鍵字(英)

★ sucrose
★ hydrothermal carbonization
★ activated carbon
★ high surface area
★ air filtration
★ biodegradable

論文目次

摘要 i
Abstract iii
Acknowledgement v
List of Figures viii
List of Tables x
Chapter 1 Background 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Review of Relevant Literature 4
1.3 Motivation 9
Chapter 2 Experimental 10
2.1 Chemical Compounds 10
2.2 Experimental Procedure 10
2.2.1 The Effect of Time, Concentration and Temperature on Hydrochar and Activated Carbon Synthesis 10
2.2.2 The Effect of pH and Nitrogen Doping on Hydrochar and Activated Carbon Synthesis 12
2.2.3 The Application of Air Filtration with Resulting Activated Carbon 14
2.3 Equipment Used 16
2.4 Material Characterizations 17
Chapter 3 Results and Discussion 20
3.1 The Effect of Time, Concentration and Temperature on Hydrochar and Activated Carbon Synthesis 20
3.1.1 Morphology and Yield 20
3.1.2 Chemical Properties of Hydrochar and Activated Carbon. 24
3.1.3 Nitrogen Adsorption Isotherms and Related Surface Area Results 26
3.2 The Effect of pH and Nitrogen Doping on Hydrochar and Activated Carbon Synthesis 28
3.2.1 Yield and Supernatant Liquid 28
3.2.2 Structural Characteristics of Hydrochar and Activated Carbon 33
3.2.3 Chemical Properties of Hydrochar and Activated Carbon. 37
3.2.4 Elemental Analysis of Hydrochar and Activated Carbon 42
3.2.5 Nitrogen Adsorption Isotherms and Related Surface Area Results 44
3.3 The Application of Air Filtration with Resulting Activated Carbon 49
3.3.1 Filtration Efficiency and Pressure Loss 49
Chapter 4 Conclusions 53
Chapter 5 Future Work 54
Reference 55
Appendix A 60

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指導教授

張博凱(Bor-Kae Chang)

審核日期

2016-7-20

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