中小型風機齒輪箱螺旋齒輪之振動分析 與故障診斷

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黃凱域(Kai-Yu Huang) 查詢紙本館藏

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機械工程學系

論文名稱

中小型風機齒輪箱螺旋齒輪之振動分析與故障診斷
(Vibration analysis and fault diagnosis of helical gears used in small and medium wind turbines)

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摘要(中)

本文主要探討在齒輪發生損壞與無損壞的狀況下，齒輪組之動態響應，並以快速傅立葉分析與倒頻譜分析找出無損壞齒輪組的訊號與損壞齒輪組訊號之不同。研究方法為利用有限元素軟體ANSYS建立無損壞齒輪模型，並分析齒輪之嚙合剛度，再將嚙合剛度代入以集中質量法建立的齒輪動態系統模型。以Matlab程式計算齒輪動態系統模型，動態系統模型尚且包括了齒輪發生偏擺與沒有發生偏擺的狀況，之後以訊號處理方法對時域訊號進行分析。最後以實驗驗證模擬之訊號特性，並探討模擬訊號與實驗訊號之異同。

摘要(英)

The goal of this research was to diagnose the gear faults through dynamic signals. A finite element software, ANSYS, was utilized to calculate the gear mesh stiffness of normal and damaged gears. A finite element software, ANSYS, was used to calculate the gear mesh stiffness of normal and damaged gears. The dynamic, lumped-parameter model of gears was developed and solved. The model also considered not only the normal and damaged gears but also the unbalanced gears. Signal processing methods, fast Fourier analysis and cepstrum analysis, were then introduced to determine the difference between dynamic signals from the normal gear mesh and from the faulty gear mesh. An experiment was also conducted to obtain data for comparison. This study concludes that the damage of a gear can result in small components in the frequency domain with the interval equal to the rotating speed of the particular gear. This characteristic can further be clearly identified in the cepstrum domain.

關鍵字(中)

★ 風力發電機
★ 齒輪箱
★ 螺旋齒輪
★ 診斷

關鍵字(英)

★ Wind turbine
★ Gearbox
★ Helical gear
★ Diagnosis

論文目次

目錄 IV
圖索引 VIII
表索引 XVI
第一章緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 文獻回顧 2
1-3 內容提要 5
第二章基本理論 6
2-1 齒輪振動之原因 6
2-1-1 齒輪嚙合剛度 6
2-1-2 傳遞誤差 7
2-2 材料力學方程式 9
2-2-1 平衡方程式 10
2-2-2 應變與位移之關係 10
2-2-3 應力與應變之關係 11
2-3 有限元素法 12
2-3-1 元素 12
2-3-2 位移函數與形狀函數 13
2-3-3 剛性矩陣 13
2-3-4 ANSYS分析原理 14
2-4 龍格-庫塔法 15
2-5 倒頻譜分析 16
第三章嚙合剛度計算與ANSYS分析流程 18
3-1 嚙合剛度計算 18
3-2 ANSYS分析流程 19
3-2-1 材料性質 20
3-2-2 齒輪模型 20
3-2-3 劃分網格 21
3-2-4 邊界與負載 22
3-2-5 齒輪接觸對 23
3-2-6 齒輪變形量之計算 24
第四章嚙合剛度比較 25
4-1 一般齒輪組與齒根裂縫齒輪組之嚙合剛度比較 25
4-2 一般齒輪組與齒面剝落齒輪組之嚙合剛度比較 28
第五章齒輪系統動態模擬 31
5-1 齒輪系統數學模型 31
5-1-1 無偏擺之數學模型 31
5-1-2 小齒輪偏擺之數學模型 33
5-1-3 嚙合剛度內插曲線 34
5-2 振動特性頻譜分析 35
5-2-1 無損壞齒輪組振動特性分析 36
5-2-2 齒根裂縫與齒面剝落齒輪組振動特性分析 36
5-3 無偏擺倒頻譜分析 39
5-4 小齒輪偏擺頻譜分析與倒頻譜分析 41
5-5 本章小結 42
第六章實驗設計與結果討論 44
6-1 實驗設備 44
6-1-1 齒輪與擷取卡規格 44
6-1-2 實驗機台 45
6-2 實驗校正與流程 46
6-2-1 零點校正 46
6-2-2 實驗流程 47
6-3 結果與討論 48
6-3-1 快速傅立葉分析 48
6-3-2 倒頻譜分析 51
6-4 本章小結 54
第七章結論 55
7-1 結論 55
7-2 未來展望 56
參考文獻 58

參考文獻

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指導教授

黃以玫(Yi-Mei Huang)

審核日期

2016-8-11

推文