無機鹽類在碳氣凝膠電容去離子系統中之競爭吸附

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姓名

鄭為元(Wei-Yuan Cheng) 查詢紙本館藏

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環境工程研究所

論文名稱

無機鹽類在碳氣凝膠電容去離子系統中之競爭吸附
(A study of competitive adsorption of inorganic salts by carbon aerogel-based capacitive deionization system)

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摘要(中)

去除水中無機鹽類離子與降低導電度，是高級處理與處理水再利用中的一個重要項目。本研究為建立一套半批次式碳氣凝膠電容去離子系統，於固定的實驗條件下（系統循環流速固定為30 mL/min、工作電壓固定為1.2 V與維持電極材料狀態跟實驗前的狀態一致），對KCl、NaCl、CaCl2與MgCl2這四種電解質所配製成不同成分的水溶液，進行半批次式電容去離子實驗，並加上電極材料表面特性分析，最後將綜合以上的實驗結果來進行分析與討論，藉此來更深入的探討在進行電容去離子實驗時，離子水合半徑、價數與初始濃度的差異對競爭吸附的影響性。
結果顯示：離子水合半徑的差異對於一價陽離子的競爭吸附有影響性；而對於二價陽離子的競爭吸附無影響性。由吸附效率指標( )顯示，離子初始濃度的差異對於一價陽離子於相同離子強度下的競爭吸附有影響性，當Na+的初始莫耳濃度占總初始莫耳濃度的比率為2/3時，其影響性最為顯著；離子初始濃度的差異對於二價陽離子於相同離子強度下的競爭吸附無影響性。離子水合半徑的差異對於一價與二價陽離子於相同初始莫耳濃度下的競爭吸附皆有影響性。而離子價數的差異對於一價與二價陽離子於相同初始莫耳濃度下的競爭吸附，皆沒有出現如文獻指出的影響性。

摘要(英)

Removing inorganic salts and reducing conductivity from aqueous solutions are important issues of advanced water treatment and water reuse. This study builds a semi-batch carbon aerogel-based capacitive deionization system. Capacitive deionization were conducted with electrolytes of different ingredients (combination of KCl, NaCl, CaCl2 and MgCl2) with the same operation condition (controlling flow rate, work voltage and electrodes situation) to investigate the effects of ionic charge, hydrated radius and initial concentration on competitive adsorption of ions.
The results show that the differences of ionic hydrated radius influenced competitive adsorption performance of monovalent cations, but it didn’t influence competitive adsorption performance of divalent cations. The indexes of efficiency of adsorption show that the initial concentration of ions is a more important factor compared to the hydration radius for monovalent ions. When monovalent and divalent ions co-exist, the hydrated radius is the more important factor compared to the charge of ions.

關鍵字(中)

★ 碳氣凝膠紙
★ 電容去離子
★ 競爭吸附
★ 無機鹽類

關鍵字(英)

★ carbon aerogel
★ capacitive deionization
★ competitive adsorption

論文目次

摘要 I
Abstract II
致謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 IX
第1章前言 1
1.1. 研究緣起 1
1.2. 研究目的 3
1.3. 研究流程 4
第2章文獻回顧 5
2.1. 碳氣凝膠紙的基本簡介 5
2.2. 電容去離子技術之原理 5
2.2.1. 電容器 6
2.2.2. 電雙層理論 7
2.2.3. 非電容吸附 9
2.3. 影響電解質溶液的比電導度的因子 10
2.4. 影響電容去離子系統吸附行為的因子 15
2.4.1. 電極板材料特性的影響 15
2.4.2. 離子特性的影響 17
2.4.3. 外部條件的影響 18
第3章實驗材料與方法 20
3.1. 實驗藥品與設備 21
3.1.1. 實驗藥品 21
3.1.2. 實驗設備 22
3.2. 實驗方法 25
3.2.1. 碳氣凝膠電極表面特性分析 25
3.2.2. 半批次式碳氣凝膠電容去離子實驗 25
3.2.3. 電極再生程序 31
第4章結果與討論 34
4.1. 碳氣凝膠電極表面特性 34
4.2. 半批次式碳氣凝膠電容去離子系統的穩定性 35
4.2.1. 比電導度與陽離子濃度的相關性 35
4.2.2. 半批次式碳氣凝膠電容去離子系統的電極再生效率 36
4.3. 單一陽離子電解質溶液的吸附行為 39
4.4. 多種陽離子電解質溶液在競爭性環境下的吸附行為 42
4.4.1. 離子水合半徑與離子初始濃度對競爭吸附的影響性 42
4.4.2. 離子水合半徑與離子價數對競爭吸附的影響性 50
第5章結論與建議 55
5.1. 結論 55
5.2. 建議 57
參考文獻 58
附錄 62

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指導教授

秦靜如(Ching-Ju Chin)

審核日期

2016-7-22

推文