適用於壓縮視訊串流服務之溯源數位浮水印設計

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姓名

陳?彰(Kun-Zhang Chen) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

資訊工程學系

論文名稱

適用於壓縮視訊串流服務之溯源數位浮水印設計
(Design of Fingerprinting Watermark in Digital Compressed Videos for Streaming Services)

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摘要(中)

隨著網路多媒體視訊串流的蓬勃發展，數位多媒體內容易於複製和散佈，如何保障視訊著作權不受非法侵害日趨成為相當重要的議題，而數位浮水印技術被視為一種有效的防範措施。本論文提出實作於視訊串流服務中的數位視訊浮水印設計。透過在壓縮域嵌入浮水印訊號代表合法視訊接收者的相關身分資訊，有效協助追蹤非法視訊拷貝的散佈來源。運用部分解碼、嵌入處理和視訊編碼將浮水印訊號嵌入在視訊畫格中的特定區域，這些區域採用特徵或感興趣點來決定，有助於後續浮水印偵測。藉由嵌入訊號的自我相似特性，使浮水印偵測不需要原始視訊比對。利用移位浮水印設計，根據嵌入訊號的互相關函數表示不同位元，藉此提高浮水印攜載資訊容量。嵌入訊號理當能承受一定程度的轉碼處理或幾何形變轉換攻擊。為了實現視訊串流應用的需求，我們考量浮水印的視覺感知程度、容量、強健性和偵測方法，實驗結果也顯示我們提出架構的可行性。

摘要(英)

With the expeditious development of digital video streaming over the Internet, avoiding the infringement of copyright and illegal distribution of videos has become increasingly important. Digital watermarking techniques may provide an effective solution. In this study, we propose a practical design of fingerprinting watermarking scheme for video streaming services. In order to track the source of the illegal redistribution, we embed the watermark signal representing the identity of a legitimate video recipient in the compressed domain of the transmitted videos. Once a pirated copy is found somewhere, the embedded fingerprint can uniquely determine the malicious subscriber. For the sake of less computational complexity in the streaming server, compressed video would be decoded partially and embedded with the fingerprint in the quantization indices, and then re-encoded. Since the blind detection is performed in the proposed scheme, the feature point extraction such as SURF is necessarily employed to determine the embedding positions of the watermarks, so that embedding and detection can be synchronized against geometrically deformed video. The autocorrelation function is introduced to figure out whether a watermark exists or not, and the message is read by the cross-correlation function. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed scheme.

關鍵字(中)

★ 數位浮水印
★ 數位智權保護
★ 視訊串流
★ 追蹤

關鍵字(英)

★ digital watermark
★ digital rights management
★ video streaming
★ tracking

論文目次

中文摘要 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i
Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii
目錄 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii
圖目錄 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
表目錄 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
一、緒論 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1 研究動機與目的 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 研究貢獻 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.3 論文架構 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
二、相關研究與文獻回顧 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.1 數位浮水印的應用和需求 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2 視訊浮水印相關發展 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
三、基礎框架與情境 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
四、研究方法 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.1 決定浮水印嵌入區域 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
4.1.1 SURF演算法簡介 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.1.2 特徵點分群 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
4.1.3 選擇浮水印嵌入區域 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
4.2 浮水印訊號 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
4.2.1 浮水印嵌入演算法 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
4.2.2 利用浮水印週期性結構偵測 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
4.2.3 偵測時以多數決投票機制選擇特徵點 . . . . . . . . . 28
4.3 攜載多位元 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
4.3.1 可行的解決辦法 ──「Patchwork」 . . . . . . . . . . . 29
4.3.2 利用相關聯的隱藏訊號之方法 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
4.3.3 決定峰值的8個位置 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
五、實驗結果與討論 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
5.1 實驗環境與各項參數設定 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
5.2 利用多張影像模擬場景變換測試 . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
5.2.1 訊號嵌入 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
5.2.2 浮水印視訊之失真度測試 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
5.2.3 視訊未經攻擊之訊號偵測 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
5.2.4 視訊遭攻擊後之訊號偵測 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
5.2.5 討論較嚴重的攻擊狀況 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
5.3 探究討論 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
六、結論 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
參考文獻 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

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指導教授

蘇柏齊(Po-Chyi Su)

審核日期

2017-1-24

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