| 摘要(英) |
Before 2014, the national highway toll was collected at the toll booths on the highway, having the drivers slow down their speed to pay the toll, but the electronic toll collection (ETC) was changed from the booths to overhead gantries. Drivers no longer have to slow down to pay the toll at the booths and cars can go free flowing through the original road sections. The traffic efficiency is significantly improved and the travel time is reduced. However, drivers can easily develop driving fatigue and attention loss after the continuous driving, leading to accidents. This study will look at the continuous driving and add in the data analysis of traffic flow characteristics and accidents on national highways to explore the impact of the removal of toll booths on the accident rate.
This study compiles the data of road accidents on the southbound section of Taiwan′s National Highway No. 1 between 2013 and 2015, using the segment between two consecutive interchanges is treated as a sample and calculates the index of the number of road accidents, using k-means to group the index number into high, medium and low accident rates. The multinomial logit model is then used to construct forecast models for each incidence of accidents in order to understand whether the existence of toll booths has any impact on each incidence of accidents. The results show that there are four factors influencing each incidence level of road accidents on the southbound of National Highway No. 1 and they are toll booths, density, average travel time and the continuous average travel time. Compared with having toll booths, not having tool booths leads to the average growth rates of low incidence at -5.23%, medium incidence at 1.68% and high incidence at 3.55%, and incidence road growth of low incidence road reduce 0.5 sections, medium incidence road reduce 2 sections and high incidence road increase 2.5 sections. |
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