開發新型節能溫度感應疏水海綿之萃取式發酵槽於連續生產丁醇之研究

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鄒維倫(Wei-Lun Zou) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

化學工程與材料工程學系

論文名稱

開發新型節能溫度感應疏水海綿之萃取式發酵槽於連續生產丁醇之研究
(Study on the Continuous Production of Butanol by Extracting Fermentation of New Energy-saving Temperature-responsive Hydrophobic Sponge)

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摘要(中)

目前最重要的生質丁醇生產技術為「ABE發酵」系統，其主要的發酵產物為丙酮(acetone)、丁醇(butanol)、以及乙醇(ethanol)，然而卻面臨到兩個難題，分別是提取及純化濃縮產物的程序造成能量損耗，以及菌株對丁醇耐受性不佳而有抑制作用產生的問題。因此本研究將使用一種新型節能溫度感應海綿作為一種吸附劑來提取丁醇，藉由在不同溫度下其親水/疏水性質改變，讓海綿具有可重複利用性，及節省產物分離程序的能量，並移除發酵產物丁醇以降低對菌株的抑制作用。
本實驗中使用聚二甲基矽氧烷Polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)為主體，並在表面上修飾Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm)的高分子複合海綿(PNIPAAm-PDMS)。在材料鑑定上用FTIR及TGA進行定性和定量分析，證明成功將PNIPAAm修飾到PDMS表面。由於PNIPAAm具有低臨界溶解溫度(lower critical solution temperature，LCST)，因此，我們設計在發酵溫度(37℃)下進行海綿的丁醇吸附，以及在室溫(25℃)下進行海綿的丁醇脫附之操作程序。在丁醇溶液中，海綿吸附/脫附丁醇的結果也顯示，複合海綿能增加對丁醇的吸附/脫附能力。因此我們將此操作程序應用在連續萃取結合半連續式發酵系統中，在發酵的第48小時開始進行海綿萃取，並且在發酵的第60小時進行饋料。發酵結果與控制組的生產率(0.85 g/l day)及產率(0.181 g butanol/g glucose)相比，複合海綿連續萃取結合半連續式發酵系統，能得到最佳的生產率(2.00 g/l day)及產率(0.191 g butanol/g glucose)。
本研究中，我們使用一種新型節能溫度感應的疏水海綿，設計出高溫(37℃)吸附、低溫(25℃)脫附的節能回收製程，將有效降低丁醇回收所消耗的能量，以及透過海綿連續萃取移除發酵液中的丁醇，將有效減少抑制作用、提升丁醇產量。因此PNIPAAm-PDMS複合海綿作為萃取劑之發酵製程可行性，值得深入探討。

摘要(英)

Currently, the most important bio-butanol production technology is ”ABE fermentation” system, and the main fermentation products were acetone, butanol, and ethanol. However, ABE fermentation was facing two problems: first, high energy demanding separation and concentration downstream process; second, the poor tolerance of the bacteria to butanol. Therefore, this study used a new type of temperature-responsive sponge that can change its hydrophilic/ hydrophobic properties at different temperatures, as an adsorbent to extract butanol, trying to solve the problem of high energy demanding and butanol inhibition of bacteria.
In this study, the temperature-responsive sponge (PNIPAAm-PDMS) was prepared by polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as substrate and modified by poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) at the surface. FTIR and TGA analysis were proved that PNIPAAm was successfully grafted onto PDMS. Due to PNIPAAm had a lower critical solution temperature, we designed the procedure to adsorb butanol at the fermentation temperature (37℃) and sponge at the room temperature (25℃). In the butanol solution, the results of sponge adsorption/desorbtion show that the PNIPAAm-PDMS sponge can increase the adsorption/desorption capacity of butanol. Therefore, we applied this procedure to continuous extraction with semi-continuous fermentation systems, sponge extraction and feed were carried out at the 48th hour and 60th hour, respectively. Compared with the productivity and yield of the control group, 0.85 g/l day and 0.181 g butanol/g glucose, the PNIPAAm-PDMS sponge continuous extraction with the semi-continuous fermentation system got the best productivity (2.00 g/l day) and yield (0.191 g butanol/g glucose).
In this study, we used a new energy-saving temperature-responsive hydrophobic sponge, designed high temperature (37℃) adsorption and low temperature (25℃) desorption, which could save the energy of ABE fermentation product separation program. It will effectively reduce the inhibitory effect and increase the butanol yield, through the sponge continuous extraction to remove the butanol in the fermentation broth. Therefore, it is worthy to study the feasibility of the fermentation process of PNIPAAm-PDMS composite sponge as extractant.

關鍵字(中)

★ ABE發酵
★ 萃取式發酵

關鍵字(英)

★ ABE fermentation
★ extractive fermentation

論文目次

目錄
中文摘要 i
英文摘要(Abstract) iii
致謝 v
目錄 vi
圖目錄 x
表目錄 xiv
第一章緒論 1
1-1 研究動機 1
1-2 研究目的 2
第二章文獻回顧 4
2-1 再生能源 4
2-1-1 生質能源發展及應用 4
2-1-2 生質丁醇 5
2-2 ABE發酵 7
2-2-1 ABE發酵介紹 7
2-2-2 Clostridium acetobutylicum介紹 8
2-2-3 ABE發酵製程改良 11
2-3 萃取法 16
2-3-1 傳統萃取方法介紹 16
2-3-2 ABE發酵之萃取應用 18
2-4 聚二甲基矽氧烷(polydimethylsiloxane，PDMS) 20
2-4-1 PDMS 基本性質 20
2-4-2 PDMS海綿基本性質 22
2-5 聚異丙基丙烯醯胺(poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)，PNIPAAm) 25
2-6 吸附基本原理 28
2-6-1 吸附現象 28
2-6-2 吸附種類 30
第三章材料與方法 32
3-1 實驗規劃 32
3-2 實驗材料 33
3-2-1 實驗菌株 33
3-2-2 實驗藥品 34
3-2-3 實驗儀器與設備 36
3-2-4 數據使用參數設定 38
3-2-5 實驗裝置 38
3-3 實驗方法 41
3-3-1 菌種保存 41
3-3-2 培養基組成 41
3-3-4 PDMS海綿製備 44
3-3-5 PNIPAAm改質海棉製備 45
3-4 分析方法 47
3-4-1傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜(Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy，FTIR) 分析 47
3-4-2 TGA熱重損失(Thermogravimetric analyzer，TGA)分析 47
3-4-3 接觸角分析(Contact angle) 49
3-4-4 菌重濃度測定 49
3-4-5 葡萄糖殘量分析 50
3-4-6 丁醇濃度分析 51
第四章實驗結果討論 54
4-1海綿改質前後之材料鑑定 54
4-1-1傅立葉紅外線光譜儀分析 54
4-1-2 熱重損失分析 56
4-1-3 接觸角 58
4-2 海綿改質前後之基本吸附性質 59
4-2-1海綿對葡萄糖溶液之吸附能力 59
4-2-2海綿對丁醇之吸附能力 60
4-3 溫感型海綿之節能應用 62
4-3-1 不同溫度下之吸附能力 62
4-3-2 不同溫度下之脫附能力 63
4-3-3海綿吸脫附次數之穩定度 65
4-4 溫感型海綿之發酵系統應用 67
4-4-1 控制組實驗 67
4-4-2 以海綿進行連續批次萃取之發酵實驗 68
4-4-3 半連續式發酵實驗 71
4-4-4海綿連續批次萃取結合半連續式發酵實驗 74
第五章結論與建議 77
5-1 結論 77
5-2 建議 78
參考文獻 80

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指導教授

徐敬衡(Chin-Hang Shu)

審核日期

2017-7-31

推文