應用於高溫氣體過濾之氧化鋯奈米纖維濾網

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姓名

李政憲(Zheng-Xian Li) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

化學工程與材料工程學系

論文名稱

應用於高溫氣體過濾之氧化鋯奈米纖維濾網

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摘要(中)

本研究主要利用電紡絲技術製備具有可撓性之氧化鋯奈米纖維網並應用於高溫氣體之過濾。我們使用之起始物為表面醋酸改質之氧化鋯奈米粒子(ZA)所形成透明水性溶膠。並藉由醋酸與水之添加調整溶液之導電度與表面張力，透過ZA與聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)濃度調整溶液黏度，同時將無機物與有機物之體積比控制在30/70以上。在適當之極化電場及溶液流速下可製備出平滑沒有珠狀結構的連續纖維。經過乾燥後只要以500°C鍛燒就可將有機物移除。因為不產生大幅度晶相轉變與燒結，所以氧化鋯纖維膜保有其可撓性並且可承受400次以上180°彎折。但是由於我們未添加氧化釔，所以在800°C高溫鍛燒後會有晶相轉變及體積收縮而變脆弱。經過不同鍛燒溫度下測試，確定可撓性與XRD晶相變化有直接關係。最後我們透過電紡參數的調整製備出不同直徑之奈米纖維且厚度適當之可撓性濾材，進行氯化鈉粉塵之過濾測試，找出過濾效率最高而壓損較低的適當濾材製備方法。

摘要(英)

Electrospinning is a scalable process for the preparation of flexible zirconia nanofibrous web useful as a hot gas filter. Composite fibers are formed under polarized electric field from a solution containing zirconium salt and a hydrophilic polymer (PVP) and are later transformed into zirconia via calcination. In this study, the precursor employed was a transparent aqueous sol of zirconia nanocrystals modified with acetate ligand. The surface tension and the conductivity of the precursor were adjusted by the addition of acetic acid and water. The viscosity and the inorganic/organic ratio were adjusted by the concentration of ZA and PVP. Under proper operation conditions, smooth fibrous web without bead structure could be electrospun. The zirconia mat obtained remained flexibility after calcination at 500°C and withstood 400 times of 180° bending. This temperature is lower than that required by literature processes using amorphous precursor. Consequently, the problem of fiber fracture due to crystallization was eliminated. Upon increasing the calcination temperature and duration, the monoclinic phase started to appear which break the fiber and remove its flexibility due to volume expansion. We further prepared flexible mats with nanofibers of different diameters, and study the filtration of NaCl dust. Our mat could achieve more than 99.9% removal with less than 200 Pa pressure drop at 20 LPM flow rate.

關鍵字(中)

★ 氧化鋯
★ 靜電紡絲
★ 奈米纖維

關鍵字(英)

論文目次

中文摘要 I
Abstract II
致謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 IX
第一章、緒論 1
第二章、文獻回顧 3
2-1 空氣過濾 3
2-1-1 空氣過濾原理 3
2-1-2 高效濾網 4
2-2 靜電紡絲 5
2-2-1 電紡原理 5
2-2-2 溶液參數 5
2-2-3 製程參數 7
2-3 無機奈米纖維 8
2-3-1 可撓性SiO2、TiO2奈米纖維 9
2-3-2 可撓性ZrO2奈米纖維 11
2-4 實驗目的 18
第三章、實驗步驟與方法 19
3-1 實驗架構 19
3-2 實驗藥品 20
3-3 電紡絲溶液配製 21
3-3-1 文獻配方再現一 21
3-3-2 文獻配方再現二 21
3-3-3 奈米粒子溶膠 21
3-3-3-1 氧化鋯奈米粒子合成 21
3-3-3-2醋酸改質奈米粒子 22
3-3-3-3 酒精為主之分散液 23
3-3-3-4 濃醋酸之分散液 23
3-4 靜電紡絲 24
3-5 鍛燒程序 24
3-6 粉塵過濾效率測試 25
3-7 分析儀器 25
3-7-1 動態雷射粒徑儀 (DLS) 25
3-7-2 熱重損失分析儀 (TGA) 25
3-7-3 X-ray繞射儀 (XRD) 25
3-7-4 傅立葉紅外線光譜儀 (FTIR) 26
3-7-5 拉曼光譜儀 (Raman) 26
3-7-6 振動式黏度計 (Vibro Viscometer) 26
3-7-7 場發射掃描式電子顯微鏡 (FE-SEM) 26
第四章、實驗結果與討論 27
4-1 初步嘗試：文獻配方之電紡製程再現 27
4-2 電紡絲設備之電場分布改善 29
4-3電紡絲參數對於纖維形貌之影響 30
4-3-1酒精為主之分散液 30
4-3-1-1酒精/醋酸比率 30
4-3-1-2加入PVP之效果 32
4-3-1-3 製程參數的影響 33
4-3-1-4 溶液參數的影響 34
4-3-2 濃醋酸之分散液 38
4-3-2-1 溶液參數之影響 38
4-3-2-2 製程參數之影響 39
4-4 鍛燒程序 43
4-4-1 鍛燒溫度 43
4-4-2 鍛燒速率 45
4-5 可撓性之奈米結晶纖維膜 49
4-5-1 氧化鋯濃度對於可撓性之影響 49
4-5-2 粉塵過濾效率測試 51
4-5-3 奈米結晶纖維膜之耐溫性 52
第五章、結論與未來展望 55
參考文獻 57

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指導教授

蔣孝澈

審核日期

2017-8-23

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