博碩士論文 104622004 詳細資訊




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姓名 吳秉昀(Ping-Yun Wu)  查詢紙本館藏   畢業系所 地球科學學系
論文名稱 地電阻影像法於海岸生物礁調查之研究 -以桃園觀音區為例
(Investigating Biological Reefs in Guanyin, Taoyuan, by Using Electrical Resistivity Tomography Method)
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摘要(中) 臺灣桃園市觀音區至新屋區海岸有臺灣地區發育較為完整且面積廣大之藻礁分布,本區大部份礁體早期為珊瑚礁發育,後期則以殼狀珊瑚藻為主要造礁生物,其生態系具有相當的獨特性,且動物棲息之密度極高,因此亟需就地進行保育。地電阻影像剖面探測技術為一施測快速且非破壞性之地球物理方法,由於含水礁體較其它地層具有更低電阻率之電性特徵,因此常應用於生物礁之相關探勘。本研究為國內首次應用地電阻影像法於桃園海岸生物礁之研究,其目的為藉由地電阻影像法尋找生物礁之分布範圍及深度,以在不影響礁體本身與其周遭生態之情況下,求得調查區域之生物礁分佈空間型態,及其與上方砂泥沈積物或其下方礫石層間之分層與接觸關係。本研究首先探討不同地電阻陣列與逆推計算方法對於地下構造的解析度,比較從原始資料取得放電時ΔV/I值之不同計算方法,並將結果應用於觀音海岸生物礁地電阻調查與研究資料處理。研究區域為桃園觀音區海岸富林溪南岸至觀音溪南岸之沿海區域,共有三條平行海岸線各960米長,與一條垂直海岸線長230米之地電阻測線。施測所得之電阻率剖面以阿爾奇定律為基礎,參照鑽井地質資料、砂樣試驗分析與透地雷達剖面以定位地電阻剖面中覆砂、礁體與礫石層之分層位置。本研究所得調查區域之礁體分布深度為0-1.5米(上方為砂層)至4-6米(下方為礫石層),另於最南邊測線之礁體層於末端一百米有愈來愈薄之趨勢,應為接近本研究調查區域之生物礁分布邊界。
摘要(英) The biological reefs located along the coastal line of Guanyin and Xinwu districts in Taoyuan city is consisted of algal reefs and coral reefs, and also regarded as a big and complete biological reef area in Taiwan. Algal reefs build up extremely slow and expand only 0.9 to 2.3 mm every month; as a result, any investigation in the algal reef area must be implemented very carefully to reduce potential influence in the environment. Because of special electrical property of reefs, it is suitable for applications of electrical exploration methods. The Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) is a fast, non-destructive, and inexpensive surficial geophysical survey method, and therefore it is widely used to investigate reefs. In this study, the location, distribution area and depth of algal reefs were investigated by ERT method to provide a reliable reference of coastal engineering and the establishment of ecosystem refuge. The study area is from the south coast of Fulin river to the south coast of Guanyin river. There are four ERT survey lines, three of them are 960m long and parallel to the shoreline, and the other one is 240m long and perpendicular to others. According to the Archie′s Law, the porosity was calculated from the resistivity profile to estimate the depth of reefs beneath each survey line and verify the estimates with the data obtained from borehole core. The results show that the upper boundary of the reefs is 0-1.5m deep (there are sands layer above), and the lower boundary is 4-6m deep (there are conglomerates layer below) in the study area. In addition, all profiles obtained from the north-south survey lines show that the depth of reefs becomes shallower in the range of 100 m in the southernmost end, indicating the southern boundary of the reef distribution in the study area.
關鍵字(中) ★ 地電阻影像法
★ 藻礁
★ 生物礁
★ 孔隙度
★ 電阻率
關鍵字(英) ★ electrical resistivity tomography method
★ algal reefs
★ biological reefs
★ porosity
★ resistivity
論文目次 中文摘要 …………………………………………………… i
英文摘要 …………………………………………………… ii
誌謝 ……………………………………………………………… iii
目錄 ……………………………………………………………… v
圖目 ……………………………………………………………… vii
表目 ……………………………………………………………… x
第一章、 緒論……………………………………………………… 1
1-1 前人研究與研究動機………………………………… 1
1-2 本文內容…………………………………………………… 5
第二章、 地電阻影像法研究原理與方法…… 9
2-1 直流電阻法簡介…………………………………………… 9
2-2 電極排列法………………………………………………… 11
2-3 地電阻逆推方法…………………………………………… 14
2-3-1 阻尼最小平方法…………………………………………… 15
2-3-2 平滑約束最小平方法…………………………………… 15
2-3-3 迭代反覆加權最小平方法…………………………… 16
2-4 不同電極陣列於相同模型順逆推比較………… 16
2-4-1 高低電阻夾雜模型………………………………………… 16
2-4-2 仿礁體結構模型…………………………………………… 16
2-5 電極陣列模型順推逆推結果………………………… 18
2-5-1 高低電阻夾雜模型………………………………………… 18
2-5-2 仿礁體結構模型…………………………………………… 28
第三章、 生物礁調查與研究方法………………………… 36
3-1 研究場址地電阻測線規劃與其他地質、地球物理調查… 36
3-2 地電阻資料處理流程……………………………………… 46
3-2-1 ΔV/I值計算……………………………………………… 46
3-2-2 逆推資料篩選……………………………………………… 47
3-2-3 每次逆推之迭代次數選擇……………………… 48
3-3 ΔV/I值計算方法說明…………………………………… 51
3-3-1 四次多項式回歸…………………………………………… 51
3-3-2 微分濾除…………………………………………………… 51
3-3-3 微分濾除合併多項式回歸……………………… 52
3-4 ΔV/I值計算方法結果…………………………………… 53
3-4-1 ΔV/I值結果分析與比較………………………………… 53
3-4-2 放電時電容或極化效應之影響…………………… 60
第四章、 研究結果與討論…………………………………………… 63
4-1 地電阻測線剖面圖………………………………………… 63
4-2 孔隙度計算與處理………………………………………… 66
4-2-1 阿爾奇定律模型與現地資料比較……………… 66
4-2-2 電阻率剖面換算孔隙度剖面………………………… 70
4-2-3 Line3後段測線分層計算……………………………… 71
第五章、 結論………………………………………………………… 82
參考文獻 ……………………………………………………………… 85
附錄 ……………………………………………………………… 90
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指導教授 陳建志(Chien-Chih Chen) 審核日期 2017-8-14
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