氟摻雜氧化錫奈米週期結構電極應用於鈣/鈦複合物作為鈣鈦礦太陽能電池介孔層之研究

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姓名

蔡秉勲(Ping-Xun Tsai) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

機械工程學系

論文名稱

氟摻雜氧化錫奈米週期結構電極應用於鈣/鈦複合物作為鈣鈦礦太陽能電池介孔層之研究
(The Study of Perovskite Solar Cells by Using Ca/Ti Compounds as Mesoporous Layer Based on Nanopatterned Fluorine Doped Tin Oxide Substrates)

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摘要(中)

本研究中我們以實驗室之技術穩定製作出結構：FTO電極/二氧化鈦緻密層/二氧化鈦介孔層/CH3NH3PbI3主動層/Spiro-OMeTAD電洞傳輸層/銀電極之鈣鈦礦太陽能電池作為對照組，在AM1.5G的太陽光模擬器量測下此對照組電池有著Jsc=20.78mA/cm2，Voc=1.02V，FF=70.66%，PCE=14.92%之光電轉換特性。以此為基礎將實驗分為三個部分進行討論。
實驗第一部分以雞蛋殼作為合成Ca/Ti複合物的原料之一，並且將所合成之Ca/Ti複合物作為鈣鈦礦太陽能電池之介孔層材料。比較傳統介孔材料P90 TiO2與合成之Ca/Ti複合物，由實驗結果得知利用Ca/Ti複合物作為介孔層之鈣鈦礦太陽能電池相較於使用P90 TiO2作為介孔層的鈣鈦礦太陽能電池電流密度有明顯的提升，達到Jsc=23.41mA/cm2，Voc=1.01V，FF=76.32%，PCE=18.02%之光電轉換特性。
實驗第二部分利用單層鋪排奈米二氧化矽球體於光阻表面，藉由奈米二氧化矽球體聚光的特性而作為曝光之光罩，並且於顯影後形成具有奈米週期結構光阻，進而利用此光阻結構作為蝕刻平面FTO電極的遮罩，經過ICP乾蝕刻後形成具有奈米週期結構FTO電極，將此具奈米結構電極應用於鈣鈦礦太陽能電池與無結構之FTO電極做比較。由實驗結果得知以奈米週期結構FTO電極作為基板相較於以無結構FTO電極作為基板所製成之鈣鈦礦太陽能電池電流密度明顯的提升，達到Jsc=23.27mA/cm2，Voc=1.00V，FF=72.51%，PCE=16.93%之光電轉換特性。
實驗第三部分為綜合前兩部分的結果，期望藉由介孔層材料以及FTO電極結構的改良更進一步提升鈣鈦礦太陽能電池之效能。此部分為了尋找介孔層合適厚度，探討沉積一至三次Ca/Ti複合物溶液於奈米週期結構FTO電極上形成三種不同厚度的Ca/Ti複合物介孔層所製成之鈣鈦礦太陽能電池進行比較。實驗結果發現以沉積兩次Ca/Ti複合物溶液形成介孔層厚度250-300nm所製成之鈣鈦礦太陽能電池有著最佳的效率，達到Jsc=24.40mA/cm2，Voc=1.05V，FF=75.53%，PCE=18.79%之光電轉換特性。並且由EQE圖形中得知相較於對照組在入射光波長300-800nm有顯著的外部量子效率提升。

摘要(英)

We fabricated standard Perovskite Solar Cells as structure
FTO/TiO2 compact layer/TiO2 mesoporous layer/CH3NH3PbI3 active layer/Spiro-OMeTAD hole transfer layer/Silver in both anode and cathode. This cell has Jsc=20.78mA/cm2, Voc=1.02V, FF=70.66%, PCE=14.92%. Based on this standard perovskite solar cells, the experiment of this thesis are divided into three sections.

The first section of the experiments. We used eggshells to react with titanium dioxide and synthesized mesoporous Ca/Ti compounds. In comparison with the control group, the cells used Ca/Ti compounds as mesoporous layer can improve the Jsc from 20.78 to 23.41 mA/cm2 and enhance the PCE from 14.92% to 18.02% (enhaced 20.78%).

The second section of the experiments. We spinned coating photoresist on FTO surface and then arrayed single-layered SiO2 nanoparticles on top. After that, patterned periodic arrays nanoholes were created on FTO using photolithography technology and inductively coupled plasma dry etching. In comparison with the control group, the nanopatterned cells can improve the Jsc from 20.78 to 23.27 mA/cm2 and enhance the PCE from 14.92% to 16.93% (enhaced 13.47%).

The final section of the experiments. We further optimize the thickness of the Ca/Ti compounds mesoporous layer on the patterned FTO substrates. As the result, the cells (PFS-mesoCa/Ti x2) shows the highest Jsc of 24.40 mA/cm2 and the PCE of 18.79% (enhanced 25.94%)

關鍵字(中)

★ 鈣鈦礦太陽能電池

關鍵字(英)

★ perovskite solar cells

論文目次

摘要 i
Abstract ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 viii
第一章緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 太陽能電池種類 2
1-2-1 矽基太陽能電池 2
1-2-2 化合物半導體太陽能電池 3
1-2-3 有機太陽能電池 3
1-3 鈣鈦礦太陽能電池(Perovskite solar cells) 4
1-3-1 鈣鈦礦太陽能電池的結構 5
1-3-2 鈣鈦礦太陽能電池的基礎原理 5
1-3-3 鈣鈦礦太陽能電池文獻回顧 7
1-4 研究動機 20
第二章實驗方法 21
2-1 實驗藥品與使用儀器 21
2-1-1實驗使用之藥品 21
2-1-2 實驗使用之儀器 22
2-2 奈米結構FTO基板製備 23
2-2-1奈米結構光阻製備 23
2-2-2 奈米結構FTO電極製備 23
2-3 鈣鈦礦太陽能電池之材料製備 24
2-3-1 緻密二氧化鈦層 24
2-3-2 二氧化鈦多孔隙層配製 24
2-3-3 Ca/Ti複合物多孔隙層合成 24
2-3-4 甲基碘胺(CH3NH3I，MAI)合成/純化 24
2-3-5 甲基胺鉛碘(CH3NH3PbI3)溶液配製 25
2-3-6 Spiro-OMeTAD溶液配製 25
2-4 鈣鈦礦太陽能電池元件製作 26
2-4-1 FTO玻璃基板清洗 26
2-4-2 FTO玻璃基板表面處理 26
2-4-3 二氧化鈦緻密層(TiO2)塗布 26
2-4-4 二氧化鈦(P90 TiO2)多孔隙層塗布 26
2-4-5 Ca/Ti複合物多孔隙層塗布 26
2-4-6 甲基胺鉛碘(CH3NH3PbI3)塗佈 27
2-4-7 Spiro-OMeTAD塗佈 27
2-4-8蒸鍍銀電極 27
第三章結果與討論 28
3-1 具奈米結構FTO電極基板製作過程形貌觀測 28
3-1-1 光阻塗布結果 28
3-1-2 奈米SiO2球體單層鋪排結果 28
3-1-3光阻曝光顯影結果 28
3-1-4 FTO電極面ICP蝕刻結果 28
3-2 鈣鈦礦太陽能電池製作 31
3-2-1成分分析 31
3-2-2實驗參數設定與形貌觀測 32
3-2-3電池效率量測結果 35
3-3 量測結果分析 39
第四章結論 53
參考文獻 55

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指導教授

詹佳樺(Chia-Hua Chan)

審核日期

2017-7-24

推文