中低密度高熵合金之合金設計與其微結構變化之研究

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廖俞欽(Yu-Chin Liao) 查詢紙本館藏

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機械工程學系

論文名稱

中低密度高熵合金之合金設計與其微結構變化之研究
(Alloy design and microstructure evolution of the medium-low density high entropy alloys)

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摘要(中)

本研究旨在探討新型的中低密度高熵合金之成分設計，其目標為設計出密度低於5 g/cm3的高熵合金且其微結構經過熱處理後仍維持在單一相或是雙相。首先由低密度的元素Ti以及Al為基底著手進行成份設計，配合符合高熵相關參數之模擬計算從TiAlX三元合金逐步添加不同的元素至四元合金以及五元合金，並經由實驗結果找出最合適的成分設計。合金原料先經由真空電弧熔煉及墜落鑄造後形成合金鑄錠，然後再置於真空高溫爐中進行 800℃/24小時均質化熱處理。鑄造狀態及處理後的試片再經研磨拋光後進行XRD微結構分析、OM和SEM/EDS金相觀察及硬度試驗。由微結構分析發現TiAlVCrFe (=5.72 g/cm3), TiAlVCrMn (=5.55 g/cm3), TiAlVCrCu (=5.61g/cm3) 三種五元高熵合金的鑄錠均為單一相BCC結構，其硬度均在Hv 650左右。此外，TiAlVCrFe (=5.72 g/cm3), TiAlVCrMn (=5.55 g/cm3) 高熵合金經800℃/24小時熱處理後，由於析出強化作用，其硬度提升至Hv 800。相信此兩種五元系列合金經微調增高其Ti和Al元素成份比率，將可獲得密度低於5 g/cm3且具有單一相或是雙相結構的高熵合金。

摘要(英)

In this study, we tried to design the medium-low density high entropy alloys (HEAs) (contains at least 5 elements and the density of the alloys are below 5 g/cm3) by empirical phase-formation rules. Meanwhile, these HEAs should remain a structure of single phase or two phases after heat treatment. Therefore, we start to study the HEAs from the TiAlX alloy (3 elements), then add the fourth and fifth elements step by step based on the parameter calculation which related to the requirement of HEA. The high entropy alloys ingots were firstly prepared by vacuum arc-melting and drop casting, and then homogenizing at 800℃for 24h in vacuum. The as-cast and heat treated samples were characterized by XRD analysis, OM and SEM/ESD examination, and Vickers’ hardness test. The XRD results reveal that the as-cast TiAlVCrFe (=5.72 g/cm3), TiAlVCrMn (=5.55 g/cm3), TiAlVCrCu (=5.61 g/cm3) HEAs showed the BCC single structure with hardness around 670 Hv. Moreover, the hardness of TiAlVCrMn and TiAlVCrFe HEAs can reach to 800 Hv after annealing at 800°C for 24 hr in vacuum due to the precipitation hardening. It is believed that the goal of medium-low density for the 5-components HEAs can be achieved by increasing the Ti and Al molar ratio in our further study.

關鍵字(中)

★ 高熵合金
★ 中低密度

關鍵字(英)

★ high entropy alloys
★ medium-low density

論文目次

摘要 I
Abstract II
致謝 III
總目錄 IV
表目錄 VIII
圖目錄 IX
第一章緒論 1
1-1前言 1
1-2研究目的 1
第二章文獻回顧 3
2-1高熵合金之發展 3
2-1-1 高熵合金定義 3
2-2 高熵合金之合金相形成規則 4
2-2-1 形成固溶體之參數 5
2-3 高熵合金四大效應[19] 6
2-3-1高熵效應 6
2-3-2嚴重晶格應變效應 7
2-3-3遲緩擴散效應 8
2-3-4雞尾酒效應 9
2-4 低密度高熵合金 9
2-5 成份設計 11
第三章成份設計與實驗方法 16
3-1固溶體 16
3-1-1 固溶體之相關參數計算 16
3-1-2 預測密度計算與真實密度量測 17
3-2 高熵合金製備 17
3-2-1 合金配製 17
3-2-2 合金熔煉 18
3-2-3 高熵合金棒材製作 18
3-3均質化熱處理 18
3-4 高熵合金微結構分析 19
3-4-1 X光繞射儀(XRD) 19
3-4-2 熱處理後冷卻速率對高熵合金微結構的影響 19
3-4-3光學顯微鏡(Optical Microscopy) 19
3-4-4 掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM) 20
3-4-5 能量散射光譜儀(EDS) 20
3-5 熱性質分析 20
3-5-1 試片製作 20
3-5-2 熱示差掃描熱分析儀(DSC) 21
3-6 機械性質分析 21
3-6-1試片製作 21
3-6-2 維氏硬度測試 21
第四章結果與討論 33
4-1 成份設計分析 33
4-1-1固溶體相關之參數計算結果 33
4-2 密度計算 35
4-3熱性質分析 36
4-4 X光繞射分析 37
4-5熱處理後冷卻速率對相的影響分析 38
4-6 OM微觀結構分析 38
4-7 SEM EDS分析 39
4-8 硬度分析 40
第五章、結論 74
第六章、參考文獻 75

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指導教授

鄭憲清(Shian-Ching Jang)

審核日期

2017-8-10

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