臺灣建築業執行透過設計預防工程危害之可行性研究

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姓名

傑羅(Basiru Jallow) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

營建管理研究所

論文名稱

臺灣建築業執行透過設計預防工程危害之可行性研究
(A Feasibility Study on Implementing Construction Hazard Prevention through Design (CHPtD) in the Architecture Industry in Taiwan)

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摘要(中)

透過設計預防施工危害(Construction Hazard Prevention through Design，以下簡稱
CHPtD)是一個由建築師/技師在設計階段執行風險管理(包括辨識風險、評估風
險與建議風險控制措施)的程序，以便在他們進行設計標的永久特性之設計決策
時能明確地考慮到施工工人的安全與健康。藉由早期對工安的考量，危害能被
有效地消除或控制，以帶來設施設備施工、使用與維護時更安全的環境。然而，
台灣現今營造業的結構與文化阻礙了 CHPtD 的實行，進而使得在沒有將 CHPtD
具有從營造工地消除風險的優點加以考量的設計工作完成後，設計對營造工人
安全的衝擊仍交由施工廠商來處理與減輕。基於此一現在的實務情形，本研究
旨在探討如何擴大 CHPtD 在台灣建築業中的實行，並參考其他已經發展推動
CHPtD 法令的國家(如澳洲、英國) 的作法。本研究採用的研究方法包括對台灣
建築業的設計專家進行訪談與結構性的線上問卷調查，訪談與問卷之問題設計
則在瞭解受訪者對於 CHPtD 概念的知識、態度、實務與一般性應用的看法；受
訪者提供的回應經過分析後可幫助進一步瞭解他們對 CHPtD 與相關議題的想法。
調查的結果顯示多數的受訪者支持 CHPtD 的概念，但他們對 CHPtD的知識、態
度及實務應用仍待加強。根據專家訪談與問卷調查的結果，本研究提出了於台
灣營造業推動 CHPtD 的建議，主要包括知識、動機與態度等三點，每一點說明
了影響推動 CHPtD 的正向變革與使推動 CHPtD 的預期成果成為可能的基本需
要，且為了實現 CHPtD 的成功，本研究發現每一點皆需要以不同的方式加以落
實。

摘要(英)

Construction Hazard Prevention through Design (CHPtD) is a process in which architects
and engineers (A/Es) perform risk management (including identifying risks, evaluating risks
and suggesting risk control measures) in the design stage to explicitly consider the safety and
health of construction workers as they make design decisions on the permanent features of the
design target. With early intervention, hazards can be effectively eliminated or controlled leading to safer sites during construction, use, and maintenance of the facility. However, the current structure and culture within the Taiwan construction industry inhibit the implementation of CHPtD. Consequently, the impacts of designs on construction worker safety are often left up to the constructor to address and mitigate after the design is complete which ignores the benefits CHPtD can provide to eliminate hazards from construction job-sites. Based
on part of this current practice, the study was initiated to explore how to diffuse and implement
CHPtD to the architecture industry in Taiwan. The research presented in this report looks outside of Taiwan to other countries like Australia, and the UK which have developed legislation for the implementing and diffusion of CHPtD in their construction industry since such legislation for CHPtD implementation doesn’t exist in the Taiwan architecture industry.
The approach chosen for conducting the research study utilized a combination of targeted,
expert interviews along with a structured on-line survey of design professionals within the
Taiwan’s architecture industry. The research questions posed in this study explored respondents: knowledge, attitude and practices, and general application of the CHPtD concept.
The responses provided by respondents were analyzed to further understand their perceptions of CHPtD and related issues. The majority of the respondents were supportive of the CHPtD concept, but their level of CHPtD knowledge, attitude and practices need to be improved. The recommendations made in this thesis were identified and fashioned based on the results obtained from the expert interview and the on-line survey conducted during the study.
Diffusion and implementation of CHPtD into the Taiwan construction industry require attention to three (3) key points: knowledge, motivation, and aptitude. Each point addresses a
fundamental need for affecting positive change and enabling anticipated outcomes of CHPtD implementation. The study findings reveal that each of the points needs to be fulfilled in some way to realize CHPtD success.

關鍵字(中)

★ 透過設計預防施工危害
★ 為安全設計
★ 營造安全的知識態度與實務
★ 營造危害減輕
★ 職業安全與衛生

關鍵字(英)

★ Prevention through Design (CHPtD)
★ Design for safety
★ Knowledge attitude practice
★ Construction Hazards Mitigation
★ Occupational Health and Safety

論文目次

ABSTRACT III
摘要 IV
AKNOWLEDGEMENTS V
Table of Figures IX
LIST OF TABLES X
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 BACKGROUND 1
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT 2
1.3 RESEARCH MOTIVATION 3
1.4 STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 4
1.5 RESEARCH SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS 5
1.6 RESEARCH FLOWCHART 5
1.7 THESIS ORGANIZATION 6
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 7
2.1 OVERVIEW 7
2.2 HAZARD MITIGATION 8
2.3 OBSTACLES TO IMPLEMENTING CHPtD 10
2.3.1 Monetary Restraints 12
2.3.2 Designers Aptitude on CHPtD and its Implementation 13
2.3.3 Tool Availability 19
2.3.4 Professional Liability 19
2.3.5 Education and Training of Design professionals 20
2.3.6 Industry Culture and Structure 21
2.4 WHY IMPLEMENT CHPtD 25
2.5 TOOLS DEIGNED TO SUPORT CHPtD IMLEMENTATION 27
2.5.1 Knowledge Based Tools 28
2.5.2 Knowledge based decision support tools 29
2.6 IMPACTS OF CHPtD IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY 30
2.7 EXAMPLES OF CHPtD PROCESSES IN CONSTRUCTION 31
2.8 SUMMARY OF LITRATURE REVIEW 34
CHAPTER 3: LEGISLATIVE REQUIREMENTS FOR IMLEMENTING CHPtD IN DESIGN 36
3.1 AUSTRALIAN SAFETY LEGISLATION 36
3.1.1 The National Occupational Health and Safety Strategy 2002-2012 36
3.1.2 Australian Work Health and Safety Strategy 2012-2022 In 2012, 37
3.1.3 National Standard for Construction Work 38
3.1.4 State and territory H&S legislation 39
3.1.5 State and territory H&S Codes of Practice 41
3.1.6 Safe Design of Structures – Code of Practice 2012 42
3.2 CHPtD IN THE UK AND THE CDM REGULATIONS 46
3.2.1 Duty holders and projects under CDM regulations 2007 48
3.2.2 Designers’ duties under CDM 2007 49
3.2.3 The Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2015 51
3.2.3.2 Key Differences Between CDM Regulations 2007 and CDM Regulations 2015 52
53
3.2.4 Implementing the CDM Regulations 54
3.3 SOUTH AFRICAN SAFETY LEGISLATION 56
3.3.1 Construction Legislation and regulations 56
3.3.2 Impact of the Construction Safety Regulation in South Africa 57
3.3.3 Standard for Unifying the Construction Safety Regulation 57
3.3.4 General Legislation 59
3.3.5 Standard Forms (Conditions) of Contract 60
3.3.6 Overview of the South African Safety Legislation 62
3.4 SUMMARY OF LEGISLATIONS IN PLACE TO IMPLEMENT CHPtD 63
CHAPTER 4: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 64
4.1 Expert Interviews 65
4.2 On?line Survey 66
Section A: Knowledge 67
Section B: Attitude 67
Section C: Practice 67
Section D: General information 67
CHAPTER 5: RESULTS ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION 68
5.1 Expert Interviews Results 68
5.2 On-Line Questionnaire Results 75
Results 75
5.2.1 Respondents Knowledge on CHPtD 75
5.2.2 Architects Attitude towards CHPtD 77
5.2.3 CHPtD Practice in the Architecture industry 81
5.3 Analysis and Discussion 83
CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 88
6.1 Conclusion 88
6.2 Recommendations 90
6.2.1 Knowledge 91
6.2.2 Motivation 92
6.2.3 Aptitude 93
6.3 Summary and Outcomes 94
References 95
Appendix A: Expert Interview Script 99
Appendix B: Individual Expert Responses 102
Appendix C: ONLINE SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE SHEET 111

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指導教授

王翰翔(Prof. WANG, HAN-HSIANG)

審核日期

2017-8-25

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