超震法於模型混凝土樁之參數研究

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吳馨茹(Hsin-Ju Wu) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

土木工程學系

論文名稱

超震法於模型混凝土樁之參數研究
(A Parameter Study on Ultra-Seismic Inspection for Model Concrete Piles.)

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摘要(中)

本研究概分「超震法於模型混凝土樁驗證」，以及「樁柱式基礎橋梁之深度探測與驗證」兩階段研究，彙整各類基礎檢測文獻，串接波傳理論、分析，以及實驗，組裝客製化超震檢測儀器，擇定長徑比8至25之譜，直徑為0.1至0.25公尺不等之模型混凝土樁，著重敲擊型式與位置、感測器排列型式、感測器間距，以及長徑比等四個重要參數之超震檢測實驗與分析，是項結果顯示：需於長徑比大於20之分析頻率上設限。另採反算驗證長度估算可行性，驗證互易定理之適用性，以及探討部分埋置狀態下之波傳行為；針對兩類缺陷模型樁，結合導波與HHT分析進行缺陷位置辨識；擇定三處現地樁柱式橋梁基礎(含一處跨水域之雙橋)，依基礎深度檢測策略，進行跨29根墩柱之地電阻影像探測分析，以及7根墩柱之超震檢測實驗，並佐以橋梁設計資料，驗證超震檢測於樁柱式基礎之現地實務性；另於實驗場進行模型混凝土樁之地電阻影像探測技術複核
。綜合模型樁與現地野外實驗之操作實證經驗，發展超震檢測標準作業流程。

關鍵字：超震檢測、波形序列分析、頻譜分析、導波、頻散撓波、共振頻率、基樁深度檢測

摘要(英)

This research consists of two phase investigations, including Ultra-Seismic Inspection Verification on Model Concrete Piles and Depth Inspection and Verification on Pile Bent Foundations. Relevant foundation testing and the relation among theory, analysis method, and experiment for wave propagation are reviewed in detail. Eight model concrete piles with varying diameters from 0.1 to 0.25 m are cast for different slenderness ratios of 8~25. Using a customer-made ultra- seismic apparatus, traction-free and partially-embedded experiments are selected for parametric analysis, including impact pattern/position, sensor array pattern, sensor spacing, and length-to- diameter ratio. Well resonance predictions are found in the different conditions of impact pattern/position, sensor array pattern, and sensor spacing. A frequency limitation is suggested for the piles with length-to-diameter ratios more than 20. The inverse computation for pile length estimate and reciprocal principle are positively confirmed in the ultra-seismic inspection. Defect identification analysis is developed on two kinds of defected piles by using guided wave and HHT analysis. The foundation inspection strategy is applied to evaluate the pile bent lengths on 4 bridges, including two overwater bridges. The electrical resistivity tomography inspection outlines surrounding geological conditions and rough depths over 29 pile bents and the ultra-seismic inspection provides detailed depths on 7 pile bents, which are verified with the bridge design charts. A standard operation process is suggested for the ultra-seismic inspection on pile bent depths.

Keywords: Ultra-seismic inspection, Waveform series analysis, Frequency spectrum analysis, Guided wave, Dispersive flexural wave, Resonance frequency, Pile depth inspection

關鍵字(中)

★ 超震法

關鍵字(英)

★ Ultra-Seismic Inspection

論文目次

摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
誌謝 Ⅲ
目錄 Ⅳ
表目錄 Ⅵ
圖目錄 Ⅹ
符號表 ⅩⅦ
第一章緒論 1
1.1 研究動機目的 1
1.2 研究方法 2
1.3 研究內容與組織 2
第二章文獻回顧 3
2.1 橋梁檢測技術概述 3
2.2 實驗方法 7
2.3 分析方法 8
2.3.1 基礎波傳理論 8
2.3.2 傳統實驗與一維波傳理論 10
2.3.3 基樁受衝擊之位移反應 11
2.3.4 導波之物理特性 16
2.3.5 導波之基本理論概述 19
2.3.6 導波理論 25
2.3.7 導波理論詮釋方式 28
2.3.8 基樁之有效長度 33
2.3.9 互易定理 34
第三章實驗規劃 38
3.1 超震法於模型混凝土樁驗證 38
3.2 實驗儀器 41
3.3 模型混凝土樁之製作、架放與埋置作業 46
3.4 架空狀態超震檢測實驗設計 51
3.5 部分埋置狀態超震檢測實驗設計 53 3.6 互易定理概念於超震檢測 55
第四章實驗結果與分析 57
4.1 架空狀態實驗比較 57
4.2 超震檢測之參數分析 60
4.2.1 敲擊型式與位置 61
4.2.2 感測器排列型式 65
4.2.3 感測器間距 67
4.2.4 長徑比 71
4.3 部分埋置狀態實驗比較 73
4.3.1 敲擊型式與位置 73
4.3.2 感測器排列型式 76
4.3.3 預測樁長長度準確性之驗證 78
4.4 互易定理概念於架空狀態 80
4.5 互易定理概念於部分埋置狀態 83
4.6 互易定理正規化 86
第五章結論與未來展望 90
5.1 結論 90
5.2 未來展望 90
參考文獻 91
附錄 96

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指導教授

王仲宇(Chung-Yue Wang)

審核日期

2018-7-24

推文