兩獨立二項分布勝算筆的區間估計之研究

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張碩文(Shuo-wen Chang) 查詢紙本館藏

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論文名稱

兩獨立二項分布勝算筆的區間估計之研究
(Confidence Intervals for the Odds Ratio in Two Independent Binomial Samples)

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摘要(中)

針對兩獨立二項母體的勝算比，我們通常會以區間估計的方式來探討勝算比。一般而言都是使用大樣本近似方法建構勝算比的信賴區間，但在中、小樣本時，此方法誤差會很大，故本文使用正確條件法及正確非條件法建構勝算比的信賴區間。由正確條件法所建構的信賴區間常具有保守性；由正確非條件法所建構的信賴區間會有最短的區間長度，其覆蓋機率會靠近名目水準 1-α 且不小於 1-α 。

摘要(英)

For the interval estimation of the odds ratio in two independent binomial samples, the usual method to construct confidence interval is the large-sample approximation method. But, such a method will produce a confidence interval which has the actual significant level much larger than or equal to the nominal lever if the sample sizes are small or moderate. In this paper, we use
the exact conditional approach and the exact unconditional approach to obtain a modified interval. Numerical studies show that confidence intervals based on the exact conditional approach can be conservative with small
to moderate sample sizes. The modified confidence intervals based on the exact unconditional approach has shorter length, and its coverage probability is closer to and at least the nominal level.

關鍵字(中)

★ 區間估計
★ 勝算比
★ 正確條件方法
★ 正確非條件方法
★ 兩獨立二項分布

關鍵字(英)

★ the Exact Unconditional Approach.
★ Two Independent Binomial Samples
★ the Exact Conditional Approach
★ Odds Ratio
★ Interval Estimation

論文目次

1 緒論
2 研究方法
2.1 p-值與信賴區間介紹
2.2 勝算比的正確信賴區間
2.2.1 正確條件信賴區間
2.2.2 正確非條件信賴區間
3 數值分析
3.1 計算正確條件信賴區間和正確非條件信賴區間
3.2 比較信賴區間之區間長度
3.3 比較信賴區間之覆蓋機率
3.4 實例研究
4 結論與未來研究
參考文獻
附錄一
附錄二

參考文獻

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指導教授

楊明宗(Ming-Chung Yang)

審核日期

2008-6-26

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