天然氣固態氧化物燃料電池複合系統與二氧化碳排放之分析

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劉倉榮(Cang-Rong Liu) 查詢紙本館藏

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機械工程學系

論文名稱

天然氣固態氧化物燃料電池複合系統與二氧化碳排放之分析
(Analysis of Natural gas Fed Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Hybrid Systems with CO2 emission)

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摘要(中)

本研究針對中溫質子傳導型固態氧化物燃料電池複合系統分析。根據理論利用Matlab計算出燃料電池不同溫度下之性能曲線，並應用於商用軟體Thermolib進行不同系統配置各元件熱力學性質變化情形。本文建立四種不同燃料電池複合系統系統，入口端燃料為固態氧化物燃料電池常見的天然氣，其中，系統A為渦輪機複合系統，系統B、C、D為甲醇合成複合系統，藉由甲醇合成反應取代傳統之渦輪機配置，以達到減少系統碳排放及增加系統周邊效益。各系統之系統配置有些許不同，並且在相同操作條件下進行比較，操作條件為燃料當量比1.2~1.5、空氣當量比2~4並且單電池電壓固定在0.68~0.72 V。
結果顯示，系統A因有渦輪機輔助發電，故擁有最高之系統淨輸出功率；系統B之甲醇產率較差，故系統淨發電與合併產甲醇效率為最低；系統C加入水分離器於系統中，在甲醇合成反應前先行將水氣過濾並同時將熱回收，因甲醇產率大幅提升，故擁有最高的熱電效率；系統D則是在系統中增加氫氣傳輸膜元件、水氣轉移重組器與碳捕捉，將一氧化碳重組出成純氫，並與碳捕捉元件捕捉到的二氧化碳合成甲醇，擁有最高產甲醇效率及系統減碳比率。

摘要(英)

In this research, the performance of intermediate-temperature proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cell hybrid systems is investigated. It is analyzed by using Matlab/Simulink/Thermolib. There are four different fuel cell hybrid systems. System A is combined with micro gas turbine. System B, C, D are combined with methanol synthesis reactor. In order to decrease carbon emissions and increase system economic benefits, traditional turbine configuration is replaced by methanol synthesis reactor. The configuration of each system is slightly different, but is analyzed under the same operating conditions. Flow rates of hydrogen and air are controlled by assigning different stoichiometric ratio, which are 1.4 ~ 1.7 and 2 ~ 4 respectively.
Results show that, due to micro gas turbine auxiliary power, System A has the highest net power. The poor methanol production of System B leads to the lowest system efficiency. System C with the water separator and the heat exchanger filters the water and recovers heat before the gas flows into methanol synthesis reactor. The methanol production increases significantly, therefore system C has the highest combined heat and power efficiency. In system D, the water separator, water gas shift reformer and carbon capture are added, and the water gas shift reformer can produce pure hydrogen from carbon monoxide and combine with carbon dioxide from carbon capture into methanol, then system D has the highest methanol production efficiency and carbon reduction ratio.

關鍵字(中)

★ 固態氧化物燃料電池
★ 渦輪機
★ 甲醇合成反應
★ 碳捕捉再利用

關鍵字(英)

★ Intermediate-temperature
★ Proton-conducting
★ Solid oxide fuel cell
★ Micro gas turbine
★ Methanol synthesis reaction
★ Carbon capture and reuse

論文目次

中文摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
致謝 IV
目錄 V
圖目錄 IX
表目錄 XIII
符號表 XIV
第一章緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 固態氧化物燃料電池複合系統 9
1.2.1固態氧化物燃料電池之工作原理 9
1.2.2 燃料電池極化現象 13
1.2.3固態氧化物燃料電池結構 14
1.2.4 固態氧化物燃料電池系統 16
1.2.5 熱回收系統 18
1.2.6 減碳系統： 18
1.3 文獻回顧 18
1.3.1 SOFC數學模型： 18
1.3.2 SOFC系統： 22
1.3.3 碳捕捉與應用 24
1.4 研究動機與方向 25
第二章理論分析 27
2.1 問題描述與假設 27
2.2 系統模型 27
2.2.1 固態氧化物燃料電池模型 27
2.2.2 壓縮機 33
2.2.3 混和器 33
2.2.4 重組/合成反應器 33
2.2.5 熱交換器 34
2.2.6 微氣渦輪機(Micro gas turbine, MGT) 35
2.2.7 後燃器 35
2.2.8 氫氣傳輸膜(Hydrogen transport membrane, HTM) 36
2.2.9 水分離器 36
2.2.10 二氧化碳捕捉(CO2 capture) 36
2.2.11 效率定義 36
2.3 參數條件 38
第三章數值方法與驗證 40
3.1 數值方法 40
3.2 程式驗證 43
第四章結果與討論 47
4.1 質子傳導型固態氧化物燃料電池性能曲線 47
4.2 系統設計之比較 50
4.2.1 燃料及空氣當量對系統A的影響 58
4.2.2 燃料及空氣當量對系統B的影響 63
4.2.3 燃料及空氣當量對系統C的影響 69
4.2.4 燃料及空氣當量對系統D的影響 78
4.3系統減碳效益 85
第五章結論與未來建議 87
5.1 結論 87
5.2 未來建議 88
第六章參考文獻 89

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指導教授

曾重仁(Chung-Jen Tseng)

審核日期

2018-8-20

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