考量水質、含水層衝擊與土地利用資訊之多標的地下水使用區域管理

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論文名稱

考量水質、含水層衝擊與土地利用資訊之多標的地下水使用區域管理
(Zonal management of multi-purposes groundwater utilization based on water quality, impact on the aquifer and information of land use)

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摘要(中)

台灣東北部的蘭陽平原居民廣泛使用地下水作為飲用、灌溉與養殖所需用水。根據經濟部水利署的調查顯示蘭陽平原沿海地區有超抽地下水所造成的地層下陷與海水入侵問題，此外，經濟部水利署的長期地下水水質監測也顯示部分地區有地下水水質超過飲用、灌溉與養殖標的用水的水質標準的問題，使得地下水資源的永續使用與水質安全面臨極大的挑戰。
本研究的目標為建立蘭陽平原多標的用水的地下水使用分區管理計畫，整個多標的地下水使用管理計畫建立將考量地下水水質、地下水抽取所造成的含水層衝擊(洩降)與現有土地使用資訊。首先，利用將現有的地下水井水質參數的監測資料利用地質統計方法建立水質參數的空間分布，然後根據飲用水、灌溉水與養殖水的水質標準決定三個不同標的用水的水質安全區，接著利用實際地下水抽取量與流通係數的比值決定低含水層衝擊區，最後，整合飲用水、灌溉水與養殖水三個用水標的安全區與低含水層衝擊區的分區管理地圖，此地圖可提供做為改進水質安全與永續地下水使用的基礎以達到蘭陽平原多標的地下水使用的需求。

摘要(英)

Groundwater is widely extracted for meeting the demands of drinking, irrigation and aquaculture in the Lanyang Plain. A long-term groundwater quality survey in northeastern Taiwan’s Lanyang Plain has revealed obvious contamination of some part of the groundwater, with some measured hydrochemical parameters in excess of the levels recommended by Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration. In addition, land subsidence and seawater intrusion caused by overexploitation of groundwater are also found in the Lanyang Plain. Thus, establishing a sound plan for groundwater resource management that considers groundwater quality and the aquifer impact by pumping in Lanyang Plain is important. This study aims to present a zonal management plan for the multi-purpose groundwater utilization in the Lanyang Plain based on the groundwater quality and aquifer impact by pumping. The Kriging approach is used evaluate spatial distribution of groundwater quality and the safe zones are determined based on the water quality standards for the three groundwater utilization sectors. The suitable zone for the aquifer impact by pumping is then spatially determined based on the ratio of actual groundwater utilization to the transmissivity. Integrating the evaluation results showing the safe water quality zones for the three different purposes of groundwater utilization demands and suitable zones for the low impact on aquifer. Integrating the evaluation results showing the safe water quality zones for the three different purposes of groundwater utilization demands and suitable zones for the low aquifer impact by pumping can create groundwater management map for multi-purpose groundwater utilization. Ultimately, the obtained groundwater management map is compared with the current land use information to provide a basis for evaluating current land use practices and establishing a water resource management strategy for safe and sustainable use of groundwater to meet multi-purpose groundwater utilization requirements in the Lanyang Plain.

關鍵字(中)

★ 區域管理
★ 水質標準
★ 含水層衝擊
★ 多標的地下水使用
★ 土地利用

關鍵字(英)

★ Zonal management
★ Water quality standard
★ Impact on the aquifer
★ Multi-purpose groundwater utilization
★ land use

論文目次

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 ix
符號說明 x
第一章前言 1
1-1 研究背景 1
1-2 研究目的 10
第二章文獻回顧 12
2-1 地下水水質之議題 12
2-2 含水層衝擊之問題 14
2-3 應用於地下水之空間分析方法 16
第三章研究區概況 19
3-1 地質環境 19
3-2 氣候 21
3-3 各標的用水狀況 23
第四章研究方法 24
4-1 地理統計方法 24
4-1-1 區域化變數理論 25
4-1-2 半變異元 26
4-1-3 空間變異性理論 27
4-1-4 克利金推估法 29
4-2 含水層衝擊評估 30
4-3 水質標準 32
4-3-1 灌溉用水之水質標準 32
4-3-2 養殖用水之水質標準 34
4-3-3 飲用水之水質標準 37
第五章結果與討論 39
5-1 水質安全區 39
5-1-1 飲用水之水質標準 46
5-1-2 灌溉用水之水質安全區 49
5-1-3 養殖用水之水質安全區 50
5-2 含水層衝擊區 51
5-3 多標的地下水使用區域管理 56
5-4 不適合使用地下水之區域 59
5-4-1 現有農業用地 59
5-4-2 現有養殖漁業用地 60
第六章結論 61
參考文獻 63
附錄一 68
附錄二 71

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指導教授

陳瑞昇梁菁萍(Jui-Sheng Chen Ching-Ping Liang)

審核日期

2018-8-21

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