添加石墨烯助導劑對活性碳超高電容電極性質的影響

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姓名

潘柏瑞(Bo-Rui Pan) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

材料科學與工程研究所

論文名稱

添加石墨烯助導劑對活性碳超高電容電極性質的影響
(Effects of Graphene Additives on Supercapacitive Properties of Activated Carbon Electrodes)

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至系統瀏覽論文 ( 永不開放)

摘要(中)

本研究主要是利用石墨烯作為助導劑並添加於活性碳，以製備活性碳/石墨烯複合電極材料。期望藉由石墨烯之添加、不同石墨烯助導劑的改質、活性碳與石墨烯之間的比例調整，使超高電容器具有更為優異之電化學性質表現。電解液則是選用商業上較常使用的1 M TEABF4/PC (Tetraethylammonium Tetrafluoroborate)/(Propylene Carbonate)做為電解液。
首先探討不同改質之石墨烯助導劑對於超高電容器的影響：本研究將採用四種不同的石墨烯作為助導劑並進行比較，分別為於氮氣的氣氛下將GO以升溫速率5 oC/min升溫至900 oC並持溫1 hr，製備無孔洞石墨烯 (GEs)，以及以升溫速率40 oC /min升溫至900 oC並持溫1 hr，製備多孔石墨烯 (HGEs)。至於氮摻雜之多孔石墨烯 (NHGEs)則是於NO的氣氛下，將GO以升溫速率40 oC /min升溫至900 oC並持溫1 hr後製備而成。此外，本研究也將選用準一維結構之石墨烯奈米條 (GNSPs)作為助導劑，藉以探討維度效應之石墨烯助導劑對於超高電容的影響，並且進一步地針對不同比例之GNSPs助導劑的添加量進行研究，其添加的比例分別為AC：GNSPs = 80：1、40：1、20：1。
在前述四種石墨烯助導劑之中，AC：GNSPs = 40：1具有最為優異之電性表現。由材料分析能夠觀察到：GNSPs屬於準一維結構之石墨烯，且其維度相較於另外三種還原氧化石墨烯 (GEs、HGEs、NHGEs)小；在電化學分析方面，GNSPs優異的導電性與其較小的尺度，將有助於提升超高電容器之電性表現，並改善漏電流等特性。研究結果顯示，AC/GNSPs於電流密度1 A/g時，擁有116 F/g之電容值；於電流密度50 A/g時，仍有54 F/g之電容值；於功率密度31.5 kW/kg時，具有能量密度11.7 Wh/kg，且於六千圈充放電後仍有85%的維持率。相較於AC/GNSPs，未添加石墨烯助導劑之ACs，其高速電容值為21 F/g，且於功率密度31.5 kW/kg時，能量密度僅有4.6 Wh/kg。

摘要(英)

In this study, a AC/graphene composite was provided which used graphene as additive. Through the addition of graphene, different modifications of graphene additive and the different AC/graphene ratios enhance supercapacitor performance. 1 M TEABF4 in PC was used as commercial electrolyte.
Firstly, we studied the effect of different modified graphene additive on supercapacitor. We chose four types of graphene additives: Graphene (GEs) and holey graphene (HGEs) were made by GO with heating rate 5 oC/min and 40 oC/min, respectively, to 900 oC for 1 hr in N2 atmosphere. Nitrogen-doped holey graphene (NHGEs) was produced by GO with heating rate 40 oC/min to 900 oC for 1 hr in NO atmosphere. Besides, we also provided the quasi-one dimension graphene additive (graphene nanostripes, GNSPs) to study the effect of reduced dimension graphene on supercapacitor. Finally, we studied the effect of different AC/graphene ratios.
In this study, AC/GNSPs delivers a capacitance of 116 F/g and 54 F/g at 1 A/g and 50 A/g, respectively. At power density of 31.5 kW/kg, the energy density of AC/GNSPs is 11.7 Wh/kg which is around 2.5 times higher than ACs (4.6 Wh/kg). After 6000 cycles, the retention of AC/GNSPs is 85%.

關鍵字(中)

★ 超高電容器
★ 活性碳
★ 氮摻雜多孔石墨烯
★ 石墨烯奈米條

關鍵字(英)

★ supercapacitor
★ activated carbon
★ nitrogen-doped holey graphene
★ graphene nanostripes

論文目次

摘要 i
Abstract iii
誌謝 iv
總目錄 vi
圖目錄 ix
表目錄 xii
第一章序論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 研究動機 1
第二章研究背景與文獻回顧 3
2-1 超高電容器簡介 3
2-2影響電雙層電容器電容值的因素 6
2-3 石墨烯之孔洞影響 8
2-3-1 孔洞於石墨烯之效益 8
2-3-2 多孔石墨烯的製備方法 9
2-4 氮摻雜的影響 12
2-4-1 摻氮原因 12
2-4-2 摻氮方法 13
2-5 奈米帶石墨烯 15
2-5-1 奈米帶石墨烯之製備方法 15
2-5-2 奈米帶石墨烯應用於超級電容器之優點 18
2-6 石墨烯助導劑於活性碳電極之影響 21
2-6-1 添加石墨烯助導劑之原因 21
2-6-2 石墨烯助導劑於活性碳電極之超高電容器的發展近況 25
第三章實驗方法與步驟 33
3-1 碳材之準備 33
3-1-1 活性碳材之來源 33
3-1-2 石墨烯之製備 33
3-1-3石墨烯奈米條之來源 34
3-2 材料特性分析 35
3-2-1 表面形貌之分析 35
3-2-2官能基鑑定與缺陷結構分析 35
3-3 電化學量測之實驗步驟 37
3-3-1 計時電位法 (Chronopotentimetry, CP) 38
3-3-2 交流阻抗 (Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, EIS) 39
3-3-3 漏電流測試 (Leakage Current) 39
3-3-4 循環穩定性分析 (Cycle Life Test) 40
第四章結果與討論 41
4-1 活性碳電極材料添加不同石墨烯助導劑之比較 41
4-1-1 材料結構分析 41
4-1-2不同碳材之表面組成與缺陷結構 47
4-1-3 電化學性質分析 54
4-2 活性碳電極材料添加不同含量石墨烯奈米條之比較 74
4-2-1材料結構分析 74
4-2-2電化學性質分析 77
第五章結論 93
參考文獻 96

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指導教授

張仍奎李勝偉(Jeng-Kuei Chang Sheng-Wei Lee)

審核日期

2018-10-18

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