太陽選擇性塗層與熱平行堆疊運用於太陽熱電發電系統之實時模擬研究

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姓名

林慕汶(Mu-Wen Lin) 查詢紙本館藏

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機械工程學系

論文名稱

太陽選擇性塗層與熱平行堆疊運用於太陽熱電發電系統之實時模擬研究

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摘要(中)

本研究針對太陽熱電發電系統，建構3D熱電模組模擬模型，除了探討在實時模擬中熱電模組的性能變化，並探討應用太陽選擇性塗層及熱平行堆疊時之系統之熱分析、發電情形及熱電轉換效率，並以使用軟體中之太陽表面與表面的輻射來模擬實時的熱電發電。在本研究之模擬中，除了探討太陽輻照度對於熱電模組的影響，亦探討太陽選擇性塗層對於系統接收面的吸熱影響，最後使用熱電晶片與晶片之間的熱平行堆疊提升整個系統的轉換效率。根據模擬結果，發現使用高吸收率、低發射率的太陽選擇性塗層可有效提升熱電發電系統的性能；而在邊界參數不變下，使用熱平行堆疊亦可有效提升系統之轉換效率，模擬中當使用11片熱電晶片的堆疊，可以達到8.3%的轉換效率。於實驗，本研究成功建構一個太陽熱電發電裝置，使用Fresnel lens聚光於有太陽選擇性塗層之熱電模組上，以量測系統效能。其實驗結果與模擬結果吻合，並驗證了熱平行堆疊法可有效提高系統之輸出電壓及轉換效率值。

摘要(英)

The purpose of this research is to analyze the performance thermoelectric power generation systems, and to use solar-selective coating and thermally parallel stacking arrangement to improve the efficiency of power generation. In simulation, we built a model of a commercial thermoelectric module, TGM-199-1.4-1.5, simulated real-time power generation, and analyzed thermal effect of a solar thermoelectric generator (STEG). By using solar-selective coating materials with different absorptance and emittance, the thermal energy was varied absorbed by the system. Besides, by means of thermally parallel stacking arrangement, thermal energy can be transferred vertically downwards, making more efficient use of solar thermal energy. In the experiment, we successfully constructed a solar thermoelectric power generation system, with the treatments of solar-selective coating and thermally parallel stacking arrangement. The measured results agreed with the simulated ones.
According to the simulation results, it can be known that when a coating material with high absorptance and low emittance is used, the effective heat flux absorbed by the system can be increased, thereby increasing the open circuit voltage. According to the simulated and experimental results of the thermally parallel stacking arrangement, the more the number of stacked modules are, the higher the open circuit voltage is. Then, the conversion efficiency is also increased. The simulated results show that when 11 pieces of thermoelectric modules are stacked, the maximum output power is 0.71 W, and the conversion efficiency reaches 8.3%.

關鍵字(中)

★ 熱電模擬
★ 熱電發電系統
★ 太陽能選擇性塗層
★ 實時模擬

關鍵字(英)

論文目次

摘要 I
ABSTRACT III
致謝 IV
目錄 V
圖目錄 VIII
表目錄 XII
第1章緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究背景與動機 1
1.3 文獻探討 4
1.3.1 熱電材料發展歷史 4
1.3.2 熱電發電系統之設計 6
1.3.3 太陽能熱電發電系統之模擬與量測 11
1.4 論文架構 14
第2章基礎理論與原理 15
2.1 熱電效應 15
2.1.1 Seebeck effect 15
2.1.2 Peltier effect 16
2.1.3 Thomson effect 17
2.1.4 Thomson relationships 18
2.2 熱電材料性質 19
2.2.1 熱電優值 19
2.2.2 碲化鉍(Bi2Te3)材料 20
2.2.3 碲化鉛(PbTe)材料 20
2.2.4 矽鍺合金(SiGe)材料 21
2.3 熱電物理性質 21
2.3.1 晶格振動之量子化與聲子 21
2.3.2 電傳導理論 22
2.3.3 熱傳導理論 23
2.4 太陽能熱電發電系統運作原理 24
2.4.1 熱傳遞的機制 24
2.4.2 太陽選擇性塗層的傳熱和效率 29
2.4.3 STEG的性能表徵 29
第3章模擬設計架構與結果 31
3.1 熱電發電模擬方法 31
3.1.1 熱電晶片之命名與設計 31
3.1.2 溫度對熱電模組發電的影響 33
3.2 太陽熱電發電模擬 34
3.2.1 太陽輻照度對溫度的影響 34
3.2.2 太陽能熱電發電系統的實時模擬與結果 37
3.2.3 太陽選擇性塗層結合的影響 40
3.2.4 熱平行堆疊的熱電模組 44
3.3 小結 48
第4章量測系統與實驗方法 49
4.1 熱電晶片之發電特性量測 50
4.2 太陽光模擬光源之量測 51
4.3 實時的STEG系統的量測 53
4.4 小結 55
第5章實驗結果與模擬修正 56
5.1 熱電晶片之特性量測 56
5.2 太陽光下之實驗量測 57
5.2.1 太陽能選擇性塗層(SSC)與聚焦透鏡對熱電模組的影響 57
5.2.2 熱電晶片的熱平行堆疊 60
5.3 實時STEG的量測結果與分析 62
5.4 小結 65
第6章結論與未來展望 67
6.1 結論 67
6.2 未來展望 68
參考文獻 70

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指導教授

韋安琪

審核日期

2019-1-7

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