人行吊橋背拉鋼索索力之動態應變式監測計

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邱繼正(Ji-Zheng Chiu) 查詢紙本館藏

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土木工程學系

論文名稱

人行吊橋背拉鋼索索力之動態應變式監測計
(Cable Force Monitoring of Pedestrian Suspension Bridge by Resistance Type Strain Gauge)

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摘要(中)

對吊橋、斜張橋等鋼纜支撐橋梁而言，纜索為其重要的受力部分，橋體的受力狀態往往可由纜索索力的變化得知。因此，索力之監測為此類橋梁安全性確保的重要手段。而在監測索力的諸方法中，微振法由於具有非侵入性、操作簡便且能得到足夠精確之結果等優點，而被廣泛運用。為了減少監測儀器成本，本研究嘗試以電阻式應變計作為量測自然振動頻率之工具。本研究進行之相關實驗，包含鋼棒振動實驗、預力鋼絞線振動實驗，以及人行吊橋的現地量測實驗。實驗結果證實，若是作為電阻式應變計間接安裝平面之AB膠填充層與纜索之複雜表面保持足夠貼合，使纜索因振動產生之軸向應變的動態變化能確實為安裝於AB膠填充層上之電阻式應變計所量測，則電阻式應變計便能夠正確量測出纜索的自然振動頻率，進而評估纜索之現有索力。

摘要(英)

For cable-supported bridge, like suspension bridge and cable-stayed bridge, cable is an important part to be taken force. The structure condition of the bridge usually can be known from the change of the cable force. So cable force monitoring is an important method to ensure the safety of the cable-supported bridge. In various ways to monitor the cable force, ambient vibration method is widely used since its advantage include non-invasive, easy to operate while getting good enough data. To reduce the cost of the monitoring, this research tried to use resistance strain gauge as the device to measure the natural frequency of the structure. The related experiments include the experiment of vibration of steel bar, the experiment of vibration of reinforced cable, local measurement experiment at a pedestrian suspension bridge. The experiment result confirmed that if the AB glue layer, as an indirect mounting plane for resistance strain gauge, remains sufficiently conformable to the complex surface of the cable, so the dynamic change of the axial strain of the cable caused by the vibration of the cable can be measured by the resistance strain gauge mounted on the AB glue layer, the resistance strain gauge can measure the natural frequency of the cable, and then evaluate the existing cable force of the cable.

關鍵字(中)

★ 吊橋
★ 索力監測
★ 微振法
★ 自然振動頻率
★ 電阻式應變計

關鍵字(英)

★ suspension bridge
★ cable force monitoring
★ natural frequency
★ resistance strain gauge

論文目次

摘要 I
Cable Force Monitoring of Pedestrian Suspension Bridge by Resistance Type Strain Gauge II
致謝 III
目錄 IV
表目錄 VII
圖目錄 VIII
第一章緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究動機與目的 1
1.3 論文架構 2
第二章文獻回顧 3
2.1 索力量測方法 3
2.1.1 油壓千斤頂 3
2.1.2 荷重計 3
2.1.3 磁通量感應計 4
2.1.4 光纖光柵 4
2.2 微振法 5
2.2.1 基本解析公式 5
2.2.2 索力計算公式探討 5
2.2.3 有限元素法索力求解 6
2.2.4 等效簡支梁法 6
2.2.5 雙振頻法 9
2.3 多重隨機遞減法(Multiple Random Decrement Method) 10
2.4 向量式有限元素法 16
2.4.1 概述 16
2.4.2 點值描述 17
2.4.3 途徑單元 18
2.4.4 虛擬逆向剛體運動 19
2.4.5 質點受力求解 19
2.4.6 運動方程式求解 22
2.4.7 向量式有限元素模型建立流程 23
第三章動態應變式監測計 33
3.1 電阻式應變計簡介 33
3.2 監測計思路與方案 36
3.3 限制與影響 40
第四章實驗規劃 45
4.1 前言 45
4.2 鋼棒實驗 45
4.2.1 實驗目的 45
4.2.2 實驗設置與流程 45
4.3 鋼絞線實驗 47
4.3.1 實驗目的 47
4.3.2 實驗設置與流程 47
4.4 現地量測實驗 50
4.4.1 實驗目的 50
4.4.2 實驗設置與流程 50
第五章實驗結果與討論 53
5.1 鋼棒實驗 53
5.1.1 自然振動頻率量測 53
5.1.2 小結 53
5.2 鋼絞線實驗 57
5.2.1 自然振動頻率量測 57
5.2.2 等效簡支梁法使用 57
5.2.3 小結 58
5.3 現地量測實驗 81
5.3.1 自然振動頻率量測耐久度測試 81
5.3.2 小結 82
第六章結論與建議 110
附錄A 軸力梁振動方程式推導 117

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指導教授

王仲宇(Chung-Yue Wang)

審核日期

2019-8-7

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