含變頻滑動支承及抗拉拔裝置之不等高橋梁實驗

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黃麟翔(Lin-Siang Huang) 查詢紙本館藏

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土木工程學系

論文名稱

含變頻滑動支承及抗拉拔裝置之不等高橋梁實驗

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摘要(中)

多項式摩擦單擺支承（polynomial friction pendulum isolator,PFPI），其曲面為六次方多項式的新式變頻滑動隔震支承，利用回復勁度遞減之軟化段減緩結構加速度反應，亦可藉由回復勁度遞增之硬化段降低結構位移反應。過去研究已證實PFPI應用於等高橋墩與不等高橋墩橋梁中，受近域與遠域震波皆發揮良好的隔震效果。
若地震力太大，可能使PFPI的支承位移超出曲盤範圍或使支承上下分離，進而產生落橋或是結構物傾倒。本研究針對PFPI隔震橋梁進行設計，假設此橋梁受單向(行車方向)的地震力下，設計一抗拉拔裝置與支承環形擋板，當地震力太大時，依靠支承環形擋板避免支承水平分離，碰撞下產生的支承垂直分離則利用抗拉拔裝置限制。
本研究採用隱式非耦合有限元素動力分析方法 (Implicit decoupled finite element method , IDFEM) 建立有限元素分析模型，並與振動台實驗有良好的擬合。並比較不同橋梁情況下，抗拉拔裝置作用的情形，針對比較結果，給予設計上的建議。

摘要(英)

Polynomial friction pendulum isolator (PFPI) , which curve is six power polynomials , is a new kind of variable frequency pendulum isolator. Using the softening section to reduce the acceleration response of the structure , on the other hand , the hardened section reduces the structural displacement response. Research in past has confirmed that when PFPI applied on regular and irregular bridge. Both the near and far seismic waves exert good isolation effects.
If the seismic force is too large, the displacement of PFPI may exceed the boundary of the disk or the bearing may be separated , which may cause falling bridge or structure overturning. This study design for PFPI isolated bridges. Assuming that the bridge is under a unidirectional (driving direction) seismic force, an uplift restraint device and a stopper are designed. The stopper prevent the bearing separated horizontally, and using the uplift restraint device to limited the vertical separation when the bearing impact.
In this study, the Implicit decoupled finite element method (IDFEM) is used to establish the finite element analysis model, and it fits well with the shaking table experiment results. And compare with the effect of the uplift restraint device under different situation of bridge, and give design suggestions based on the comparison results.

關鍵字(中)

★ 變頻式隔震支承
★ 抗拉拔裝置
★ 不等高橋墩橋梁
★ 隱式非耦合有限元素動力分析方法
★ 振動台實驗

關鍵字(英)

★ variable frequency pendulum isolator
★ uplift restraint device
★ irregular bridge
★ Implicit decoupled finite element method
★ shaking table experiment

論文目次

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
致謝 III
目錄 IV
表目錄 VII
圖目錄 VIII
第一章緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 文獻回顧 2
1.2.1 近遠域震波特性 2
1.2.2 摩擦單擺支承 3
1.2.3 最佳化參數搜尋 4
1.2.4 抗拉拔裝置 5
1.2.5 非耦合隱式動力有限元素法(Implicit decoupled finite element method , IDFEM) 6
1.3 研究內容 6
第二章多項式摩擦單擺支承與抗拉拔裝置的設計 8
2.1 支承力學行為 9
2.2 瞬時隔震頻率 11
2.3 多項式摩擦單擺支曲面函數與特性 12
2.4 PFPI最佳化參數搜尋 15
2.5 抗拉拔裝置 16
第三章隱式非耦合有限元素動力分析方法 21
3.1 隱式非耦合運動方程式 21
3.2 隱式直接積分法 24
3.2.1 Newmark直接積分法 25
3.2.2 Bathe複合積分法 26
3.3 平面梁元素 27
3.4 滑動元素 28
3.4.1 黏滯階段 28
3.4.2 滑動階段 29
3.4.3 分離階段 33
3.4.4 抗拉拔拉桿功能 34
3.4.5 摩擦係數之參數分析 34
3.5 其他特殊元素 35
3.5.1 線性彈簧元素 (Linear Spring) 37
3.5.2 雙線性彈簧元素 (Bilinear Spring) 37
3.5.3 可壓縮開孔彈簧元素 (Gap Spring) 38
第四章橋梁模型振動台實驗 42
4.1 實驗設備與實驗試體 42
4.2 抗拉拔裝置設計 44
4.3 實驗測量儀器及配置 44
4.4 實驗系統識別 45
4.5 輸入震波 46
第五章討論與比較 70
5.1 有限元素模型與實驗模型結果比較 70
5.1.1 案例一有限元素模型建立 70
5.1.2 案例二、案例三有限元素模型建立 71
5.1.3 分析與實驗結果比較 72
5.2 案例一與案例二實驗結果比較 74
5.3 案例二與案例三實驗結果比較 76
5.4 小結 77
第六章結論與建議 152
6.1 結論 152
6.2 建議及未來研究方向 153
參考文獻 154

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指導教授

李姿瑩(Tzu-Ying Lee)

審核日期

2020-1-3

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