基於模糊邏輯之頻譜資源分享用於IEEE 802.22無線網路跨基地台共存機制

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姓名

林強生(JOHNSON LIN) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

通訊工程學系

論文名稱

基於模糊邏輯之頻譜資源分享用於IEEE 802.22無線網路跨基地台共存機制
(Fuzzy Logic based spectrum sharing for Inter-BS Coexistence Mechanism in IEEE 802.22 WRAN)

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摘要(中)

這些年來隨著無線多媒體應用的增加，無線網路的技術不斷更新，頻譜資源利用情況則原地踏步，使得無線頻譜越來越缺乏，包括美國電機電子工程師學會(IEEE)和美國聯邦通訊委員會(FCC)，都已朝向感知無線電網路技術發展及制定規格，希望藉由感知無線電網路技術能對頻譜資源做進一步的整合與管理，來達到頻譜資源的分享。
本論文藉由IEEE 802.22提出的CBP協定，攜帶動態的資源租賃的訊息，以解決跨基地台之間無線電資源管理，基於模糊邏輯控制有效的作資源的估測與分配無線電資源，並考量到三種訊務，分別為聲音、影像和資料，動態調整系統的可用資源，以提升無線電資源的利用率，達到頻譜資源分享的目的。採用模糊邏輯控制的原因為，其擴充性高，且運作過程不複雜，模糊邏輯規則可以依據經驗法則作參數的微調，隨時可以動態的改善情況，使系統達到有效的資源管理。

摘要(英)

The increasing of wireless multimedia application and the wireless network technology has significant progress in recent years. The inefficient spectrum resource utilization makes spectrum resources exhaust gradually. In order to satisfy growing demands for spectrum resources, IEEE are currently developing wireless network standards related to the cognitive radio network technology for the integration and management of radio resources to improve spectrum resource utilization to achieve the objective of spectrum sharing.
This thesis follow IEEE 802.22 proposed coexistence beacon protocol (CBP), the mechanism carry the information of dynamic resource renting and offering to solve the problem of spectrum sharing for inter-BS (Base Station) coexistence mechanism. The proposed fuzzy logic based algorithm considering three kinds of traffic, voice, video and data respectively, can meet the dynamic management of radio resources to improve spectrum resource utilization.
Due to high flexibility and low complexity, fuzzy rules based on empirical laws can dynamically adjust parameters to control the radio resources. The fuzzy logic control (FLC) spectrum sharing for Inter-BS coexistence mechanism is chosen to make effective utilization of resources in IEEE 802.22 WRAN.

關鍵字(中)

★ 模糊邏輯
★ CBP協定
★ 無線區域網路
★ 感知無線電

關鍵字(英)

★ Cognitive Radio
★ WRAN
★ CBP
★ Fuzzy Logic

論文目次

目錄
摘要 ........................................................... I
Abstract ....................................................... II
誌謝 ......................................................... III
目錄 .......................................................... IV
第一章緒論 .................................................... 1
1-1前言 .................................................... 1
1-2研究動機 ................................................ 2
1-3論文架構 ................................................ 4
第二章相關研究背景 ............................................ 5
2-1 感知無線電網路技術 ..................................... 5
2-2 IEEE 802.22 (Wireless Region Access Network；WRAN)...... 11
2-2-1實體層 ........................................... 14
2-2-2媒體存取控制層 ................................... 16
2-2-3 802.22系統共存與其他系統的共存 ................... 18
2-2-4 服務品質及訊務分類 ............................... 21
2-2-5 共存信標協定(Coexistence Beacon Protocol；CBP) ....... 22
第三章頻譜資源分享機制 ....................................... 28
3-1架構 ................................................... 28
3-2流程 ................................................... 29
3-2-1模糊邏輯控制 ..................................... 31
3-2-2 資源分配順序(Distribution sequence of renter BSs) ....... 42
3-2-3 資源分配(Resource allocation ) ....................... 42
第四章模擬與分析 ............................................. 43
4-1模擬環境設定 ........................................... 43
4-2無線電資源 ............................................. 44
4-3流程圖 ................................................. 45
4-4數據分析 ............................................... 48
第五章結論 ................................................... 58
參考文獻 ...................................................... 59
圖目錄
圖2-1 感知無線電感知迴圈(Cognitive Cycle)模型.................................... 5
圖2-2 Simon Haykin提出的感知迴圈模型 ....................................................... 7
圖2-3頻譜管理關係架構圖 ............................................................................... 8
圖2-4頻譜共用的方式與策略設計 ................................................................. 10
圖2-5不同的無線網路服務容量與覆蓋區域之比較 ..................................... 14
圖2-6 電視頻段在時域與頻域佔用情況之意示圖 ........................................ 14
圖2-7等效全向輻射功率限制 ......................................................................... 21
圖2-8 The structure of a CBP packet ................................................................. 23
圖2-9 CBP Packet Structure as transport mechanism ........................................ 23
圖2-10 Communication between two synchronized overlapping cells ............. 26
圖3-1 頻譜管理與其他感知功能之運作關係圖 ............................................ 28
圖3-2資源分享機制運作流程 ......................................................................... 30
圖3-3資源交換過程.......................................................................................... 30
圖3-4 CPE資源交換流程 ................................................................................. 31
圖3-5 模糊邏輯控制之基本架構 .................................................................... 32
圖3-6 模糊推論系統......................................................................................... 32
圖3-7 三角形歸屬函數..................................................................................... 33
圖3-8 SS歸屬函數 ............................................................................................ 34
圖3-9 聲音訊務之DR歸屬函數 ..................................................................... 34
圖3-10 影像訊務之DR歸屬函數 ................................................................... 34
圖3-11 資料訊務之DR歸屬函數 ................................................................... 35
圖3-12 FV歸屬函數 ......................................................................................... 35
圖3-13 RS歸屬函數 .......................................................................................... 35
圖3-14 聲音訊務之輸入（DR,SS）輸出（FV）關係圖 .............................. 39
圖3-15 聲音訊務之輸入（DR,SS）輸出（RS）關係圖 .............................. 39
圖3-16 影像訊務之輸入（DR,SS）輸出（FV）關係圖 .............................. 40
圖3-17 影像訊務之輸入（DR,SS）輸出（RS）關係圖 .............................. 40
圖3-18 資料訊務之輸入（DR,SS）輸出（FV）關係圖 .............................. 40
圖3-19 資料訊務之輸入（DR,SS）輸出（RS）關係圖 .............................. 41
圖4-1 WRAN細胞分佈圖 ................................................................................ 43
圖4-2 拍賣理論演算法..................................................................................... 46
圖4-3平均分配演算法...................................................................................... 47
圖4-4基於模糊邏輯演算法 ............................................................................. 47
圖4-5不同資源需求度之公平性的比較 ......................................................... 48
圖4-6阻絕機率 .................................................................................................. 49
圖4-7 聲音訊務之阻絕機率 ............................................................................ 50
圖4-8 影像訊務之阻絕機率 ............................................................................ 50
圖4-9 資料訊務之阻絕機率 ............................................................................ 51
圖4-10阻絕機率與資源使用率之比較 ........................................................... 52
圖4-11聲音訊務之阻絕機率 ............................................................................ 52
圖4-12 影像訊務之阻絕機率 .......................................................................... 53
圖4-13資料訊務之阻絕機率 ........................................................................... 53
圖4-14個別演算法之平均資源利用程度 ....................................................... 55
圖4-15個別演算法之平均資源利用程度(100 calls/hr) .................................. 55
圖4-16各別演算法之平均資源利用程度(200 calls/hr) .................................. 56
圖4-17 Renter基地台和Offeror基地台的比例 .............................................. 57

參考文獻

[1] Stevenson, C. Chouinard, G. Zhongding Lei, Wendong Hu Shellhammer, S. Caldwell, W.” IEEE802.22: An Introduction to the First Wireless Standard based on Cognitive Radio” IEEE Communications Magazine, Volume 47, Issue 1, January 2009 , Page(s):130 – 138.
[2] Joseph Mitola III and Gerald Q. Maguire ,” Cognitive Radio: Making Software Radios More Personal” ,IEEE Personal Communications, August 1999, Page(s):13 – 18.
[3] Simon Haykin,”Cognitive Radio: Brain-Empowered Wireless Communications”, IEEE Journal on selected areas in communications, vol. 23, February 2005, Page(s):201 – 220.
[4] Ian F. Akyildiz, Won-Yeol Lee, Mehmet C. Vuran, Shantidev Mohanty,”NeXt generation/dynamic spectrum access/cognitive radio wireless networks: A survey” Computer Networks, Vol. 50, 2006, Page(s):2127 - 2159.
[5] Carlos Cordeiro ,Kiran Challapali ,Monisha Ghosh ,”Cognitive PHY and MAC Layers for Dynamic Spectrum Access and Sharing of TV Bands” , ACM International Conference Proceeding Series,Vol. 222, 2006.
[6] Kim, H.Kim, J.Yang, S.Hong, M.Shin, Y,” An Effective MIMO–OFDM System for IEEE 802.22 WRAN Channels, IEEE transactions on circuits and systems, Vol. 55, NO. 8, August 2008, page(s): 821 - 825.
[7] Charles Einolf,” Proposed resolution to Comment 283”, Technical proposal submitted to IEEE 802.22 WG, January 2009.
[8] Wendong Hu, Eli Sofer. “22-05-0098-00-0000 STM-Runcom PHYMAC Outline”, Technical proposal submitted to IEEE 802.22 WG.
[9] ETRI, FT, I2R, Motorola, Philips, Samsung, Thomson “22-06-0005-05-0000_ETRI-FT-I2R-Motorola-Philips-Samsung-Thomson_Proposal-1” Technical proposal submitted to IEEE 802.22.
[10] Carl R. Stevenson, Carlos Cordeiro , Eli Sofer , Gerald Chouinard ,”Functional Requirements for the 802.22 WRAN Standard” The 802.22 WRAN WG group, January 2006.
[11] IEEE 802.22 Working Group” Cognitive Wireless RAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications: Policies and procedures for operation in the TV Bands”, v1.1
[12] 王文俊, 認識fuzzy, 全華科技圖書股份有限公司, 2005
[13] 蘇木春, 張孝德, 機器學習：類神經網路、模糊系統以及基因演算法則, 修訂二版, 全華科技圖書股份有限公司, 2006年3月
[14] RFC 3551, “RTP Profile for Audio and Video Conferences with Minimal Control”
[15] RFC 2032, “RTP Payload Format for H.261 Video Streams”
[16] ITU-R RECOMMENDATION P.1546-1, "Method for point-to-area predictions for terrestrial services in the frequency range 30 MHz to 3000 MHz", Geneva, 2003.
[17] T. S. Rappaport, Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice, 2nd ed. Prentice-Hall, 2002.
[18] Niyato. D. Hossain. E.” Spectrum trading in cognitive radio networks: A market-equilibrium-based approach” IEEE Wireless Communications, Vol. 15,Issue: 6, December 2008,page(s): 71 - 80.
[19] Gerald Chouinard, “22-04-0002-12-0000_WRAN_Reference_Model” http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/802/22/, 2007

指導教授

吳中實(Jung-Shyr,Wu)

審核日期

2009-7-22

推文