微量Sb與熱處理對4Y32鋁合金微結構與磨耗性質之影響

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熊振捷(Chen-Chieh Hsiung) 查詢紙本館藏

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機械工程學系

論文名稱

微量Sb與熱處理對4Y32鋁合金微結構與磨耗性質之影響
(Effects of trace Sb and Heat treatment on the Microstructures and Wear Properties of 4Y32 Aluminum alloy)

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摘要(中)

本研究藉由光學顯微鏡（OM）、熱差掃描分析儀（DSC）、電子顯微鏡（SEM）來分析Sb改良和固溶時效對4Y32鋁合金（Al-11.2Si-3Cu-0.5Mg-0.5Mn）微結構、機械性質、與抗磨耗性質之影響；結果顯示，經Sb改良後，可獲得細小層狀（Lamellar）鑄態共晶微結構；均質化後共晶矽發生細化與球化，經熱軋後，共晶矽發生更顯著之細化與球化，而共晶矽隨固溶時間增加而粗化。經505℃*0.5hr固溶淬火處理，合金之強化固溶原子已可充分回溶至Al基地；且Sb的改良並不會影響合金之析出動力或析出量，但Sb的添加，可細化T6態合金之共晶矽。
藉由改良劑(Sb)的添加與固溶時效等處理，可以調控4Y32鋁合金之共晶矽(粗細)形貌與硬度變化；當合金硬度相同時，共晶矽愈細化愈抗磨耗；當合金共晶矽尺寸相同時，合金硬度愈高愈抗磨耗。結合Sb的改良、降低固溶時間，及頂時效(T6)熱處理等之結合，可以獲得最細共晶矽與最高之合金硬度，將可提升4Y32鋁合金之抗磨耗。當磨耗過程中，合金表面會形成一保護性MML氧化層，經Sb改良合金具有較高穩定性，而MML氧化層穩定性隨厚度增加而降低，當MML氧化層因裂縫成長傳遞而剝落，合金磨耗機制由研磨磨耗(Abrasive wear)轉為分層磨耗(Delamination wear)。

摘要(英)

The effect of Sb modification, solution and aging treatment on the microstructure, mechanical properties and anti-wear properties of 4Y32（Al-11.2Si-3Cu-0.5Mg-0.5Mn）aluminum alloy was demonstrated by Optical Microscopy（OM）, Differential Scanning Calorimeter（DSC）,and Scanning Electron Microscopy（SEM）. The results showed that Sb-modified alloy presented a fine lamellar eutectic microstructure. After homogenization, the eutectic silicon undergoes refinement and spheroidization, and hot-rolling caused eutectic silicon undergoes more significant refinement and spheroidization. The eutectic silicon coarsens with increasing solid solution time. After 505℃*0.5hr solution treatment and water quenching, the strengthened solid solution atoms of the alloy can be fully dissolved into the α-Al matrix. The element Sb will not affect the precipitation kinetics or precipitation quantity of the alloy, but the addition of Sb can be refined eutectic silicon of T6 alloy.
Through the addition of modifier (Sb) and solution aging treatments, the morphology and hardness of eutectic silicon of 4Y32 aluminum alloy can be modified. When the hardness of the alloy is same, the eutectic silicon becomes thinner and more resistant to wear. When the size of eutectic silicon is same, the higher the hardness of the alloy, the more resistant it is to wear. Combined with the Sb-modifier, reduction of solution time, and peak aging (T6) heat treatment, the finest eutectic silicon and the highest alloy hardness can be obtained, which will increase the wear resistance of 4Y32 aluminum alloy. During the wear process, a protective oxide layer which is called Mechanical Mixed Layer (MML) is formed on the surface of the alloy. The Sb modified alloy has higher stability, and the stability of the MML decreases with increasing thickness. When the MML peels off due to crack growth and transmission, the wear mechanism is changed from abrasive wear to delamination wear.

關鍵字(中)

★ 4Y32鋁合金
★ 中間相
★ 固溶處理
★ 人工時效
★ 磨耗試驗

關鍵字(英)

★ 4Y32 aluminum alloy
★ Intermediate phase
★ Solution treatment
★ Artificial aging
★ Wear test

論文目次

摘要---------------------------------------------------I
Abstract----------------------------------------------II
謝誌---------------------------------------------------IV
總目錄--------------------------------------------------V
圖目錄------------------------------------------------VII
表目錄-------------------------------------------------IX
一、前言------------------------------------------------1
1.1鋁合金簡介-------------------------------------------1
1.2鋁-矽合金簡介----------------------------------------2
1.3 Al-Si-Cu-Mg鋁合金簡介-------------------------------5
1.3.1 Al-Si-Cu-Mg合金的介金屬化合物（中間相）-------------6
1.3.2 4Y32鋁合金---------------------------------------8
1.3.3 改良元素對鋁-矽合金之影響--------------------------8
1.3.4 熱處理對鋁-矽合金之影響----------------------------9
1.4磨耗-----------------------------------------------10
1.5研究背景與目的--------------------------------------18
二、實驗方法與步驟--------------------------------------21
2.1合金製備--------------------------------------------22
2.1.1 4Y32鋁合金熔配-----------------------------------22
2.1.2 熱軋合金製備-------------------------------------23
2.1.3 磨耗試片製備-------------------------------------23
2.2硬度試驗（Hardness test）---------------------------24
2.3磨耗試驗（Wear test）-------------------------------24
2.4微結構觀察與分析------------------------------------25
2.4.1光學顯微鏡（Optical Microscopy）------------------25
2.4.2影像分析（Image Analysis）------------------------25
2.4.3掃描式電子顯微鏡（Scanning Electron Microscopy） ------------------------------------------------------25
2.4.4微差掃描熱分析（Differential Scanning Calorimeter） ------------------------------------------------------26
2.4.5導電度量測（Electrical Conductivity, %IACS）-------26
三、結果與討論------------------------------------------27
3.1 4Y32鋁合金微結構分析--------------------------------27
3.2微差掃描熱（DSC）與導電度分析-------------------------34
3.3硬度量測分析----------------------------------------40
3.4磨耗測試--------------------------------------------42
3.4.1共晶矽形貌對於磨耗性質的影響------------------------43
3.4.2合金硬度對於磨耗性質的影響--------------------------51
四、結論-----------------------------------------------59
五、參考文獻--------------------------------------------61

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指導教授

李勝隆(Sheng-Long Lee)

審核日期

2020-7-23

推文