博碩士論文 107323113 詳細資訊




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姓名 夏勇騎(Yung-Chi Hsia)  查詢紙本館藏   畢業系所 機械工程學系
論文名稱 車用雙相鋼板的沖壓成形的實驗與分析
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摘要(中) 近年來全球環保意識抬頭,為了減少溫室氣體的排放,並提昇燃油效率,汽車減重為各大汽車廠努力的目標,世界各國也將碳排放做為主要環保指標;首當其衝的就是車輛油耗表現,從而使得高強度鋼材(Advance High Strength Steel) 的使用增加;而其中使用量最為廣泛的就是雙相鋼(Dual Phase Steel)。
在車輛零件生產過程時會有材料會有回彈效應的現象產生;這也是汽車產業目前對於此種材料在進行生產時會遇到的難題;特別在零件尺寸的成型精確度上。然而在沖壓成型中,回彈為無法避免的問題,且隨著使用之材料的強度愈高,回彈現象愈嚴重,故本研究採用三點鈑彎、U 型彎曲以及V型彎曲成型實驗來了解回彈之特性,選用1mm厚度的薄板雙相鋼DP590、雙相鋼DP780、雙相鋼DP980和雙相鋼DP1180四種材料來了解高強度鋼板在回彈現象的差異性。
本研究使用油壓式壓床與曲柄式沖壓機來探討先進高張力鋼在不同應變率下之成型特性及不同應變率與板件破裂之關係,並希望從中探討是否以不同模具尺寸、模具特性來抑制回彈之可行性。並利用有限元素法軟體模擬高強度鋼板回彈之行為,驗證CAE 模擬回彈之正確性。為了提升CAE 模擬回彈之正確性,本研究將探討不同應變程度與回彈角度的關係,再將其應用於基本造型沖壓成型CAE 模擬分析技術上,包括V 型彎曲成型、三點鈑彎及U 型彎曲。
雙相鋼因為材料變形時相變態的緣故會強化,本研究針對這個強化現象分析板材成型時雙相鋼的回彈角度變化,以及改變製程參數對回彈角度的影響。
摘要(英) In recent years, the awareness of global environmental protection.In order to cut greenhouse gas emissions, increase the fuel efficiency of gasoline. Losing weight of automobile is the goal of each automotive company in the world. Carbon emissions becomes major environmental index for each country in the world. Thus increased usage of advanced high strength steel. However, there is dual phase steel is the most used material.
In the production process of vehicle parts, there will be a phenomenon that the material will have a springback effect, this is also the problem that the automotive industry currently encounters in the production of advanced high strength steel, especially in the accuracy of forming the part size. However, in stamping forming, springback is an unavoidable problem, and as the strength of the material used is higher, the springback phenomenon becomes more serious, so this study uses three-point sheet bending, U-bending and V-bending forming experiments to understand the characteristics of springback.After all, we choose four materials of 1mm thickness thin-plate dual-phase steel DP590, dual-phase steel DP780, dual-phase steel DP980, and dual-phase steel DP1180.
In this study, hydraulic presses and crank presses were used to discuss the forming characteristics of advanced high strength steel under different strain rate and the relationship between different strain rate and plate breakage. We hope to discuss the possibility, whether to use different die size and die characteristics to suppressing the of springback. And using the finite element method software to simulate advanced high strength steel springback to verify the correctness of CAE simulated springback. In order to improve the accuracy of CAE simulation springback, this study will explore the relationship between the degree of same
strain and springback angle, and then apply it to the basic analysis of CAE simulation analysis technology of stamping forming, including V-shaped bending, three-point sheet bending and U-shaped bend.
The dual-phase steel will be strengthened due to the phase transformation when the material is deformed. In this study, the springback angle of the dual-phase steel during sheet forming and the effect of changing the process parameters on the springback angle are analyzed for this strengthening phenomenon.
關鍵字(中) ★ 雙相鋼
★ 成型極限圖
★ 回彈效應
★ V型彎曲
★ U型彎曲
★ 三點鈑彎
關鍵字(英) ★ Dual phase steel
★ Forming limit diagram
★ Springback effect
★ V-Bending
★ U-Bending
★ 3 point bending
論文目次 中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
誌  謝 iv
目  錄 v
圖 目 錄 viii
表 目 錄 xiii
一、 緒論 1
1-1 研究動機 3
1-2 高強度鋼概述 3
1-2-1 雙相鋼的優點與特性 4
1-2-2 雙相鋼材製造 5
1-2-3 雙相鋼的製程 5
1-2-4 雙相鋼的機械特性與化學成分 6
1-2-5 雙相鋼的粒度分析 7
1-2-6 雙相鋼的腐蝕金相 7
1-2-7 雙相鋼的晶粒大小 8
1-2-8 雙相鋼的退火 8
1-2-9 麻田散鐵的誘發成因 9
1-2-10 拉伸特性與應變速率 9
1-3 成型極限圖(FLD) 11
1-3-1 工程應變與自然應變 14
1-3-2 成型極限曲線(FLC)-Marginal area 14
1-3-3 成型極限曲線(FLC)的建立 16
1-4 回彈效應 19
1-4-1 V型彎曲回彈機制 20
1-4-2 回彈試驗模擬 21
1-4-3 等效應力與等效應變 22
1-4-4 最大主應力(Maxinmum principal stress) 23
二、 實驗方法與步驟 24
2-1 實驗材料 24
2-2 實驗設備 24
2-3 實驗步驟 26
2-3-1 材料準備 26
2-3-2 顆粒數分析 26
2-3-3 腐蝕觀察量測 26
2-3-4 維克氏硬度實驗 26
2-4 拉伸試驗 26
2-5 FLD成型極限試驗 27
2-5-1 網格腐蝕 28
2-5-2 成型極限實驗 31
2-6 雙相鋼成型試驗:三點板彎 35
2-6-1 雙相鋼成型試驗:三點板彎沖頭尺寸R6 35
2-6-2 雙相鋼成型試驗:三點板彎沖頭尺寸R16 35
2-6-3 雙相鋼成型試驗:圓柱體成型實驗 36
2-7 雙相鋼成型試驗:V形板彎實驗 37
2-7-1 表面粗糙度量測 38
2-7-2 氮化鈦鍍膜 39
2-8 彈回實驗模擬 40
三、 結果與討論-金相分析 41
3-1 材料淨度觀察分析 41
3-2 材料表面硬度分析 42
3-3 金相腐蝕觀察 43
3-4 拉伸試驗結果 44
四、 結果與討論-成型極限分析 46
4-1 成型後試片(DP590、DP780、DP980、DP1180) 46
4-2 成型極限試驗結果與討論 49
4-3 成型極限模擬分析(剷雪機 press brake:*web sourcee) 53
五、 結果與討論-三點板彎實驗 64
5-1 鋼板成型實驗模擬:三點板彎 64
5-2 鋼板成型實驗模擬:圓柱成型實驗 64
5-3 鋼板成型實驗:三點板彎 65
5-4 圓柱成型模實驗-放置時間對彈回角度的關係 67
六、 結果與討論-V型彎曲實驗 68
6-1 V型彎曲實驗-實驗模擬 68
6-2 V型彎曲實驗-油壓式沖床與曲炳式沖床對彈回角度的影響 72
6-3 V型彎曲實驗-不同表面粗糙度及模具形狀對彈回角度的影響 73
6-4 V型彎曲實驗-不同模具形狀對表面硬度影響 74
6-5 V型彎曲實驗-不同模具形狀對微結構的影響 75
6-6 V型彎曲實驗-成型影響的綜論 79
6-7 實際產品彈回分析(剷雪機煞車press brake) 79
七、 結論與建議 81
八、 參考文獻 82
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指導教授 施登士(Teng-Shih Shih) 審核日期 2020-8-20
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