以作者查詢圖書館館藏

、以作者查詢臺灣博碩士

、以作者查詢全國書目

、勘誤回報

、線上人數：94

、訪客IP：18.188.51.137

姓名	巴賴莫(George Liafuna Balairamo)  查詢紙本館藏	畢業系所	國際永續發展碩士在職專班
論文名稱	評估所羅門群島氣候變遷的影響和適應策略 (Assessing the impacts and adaptation strategies of climate change for Solomon Islands)
檔案	[Endnote RIS 格式]    [Bibtex 格式]    [相關文章]   [文章引用]   [完整記錄]   [館藏目錄]   [檢視]  [下載] 本電子論文使用權限為同意立即開放。 已達開放權限電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的，進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。 請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定，切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送，以免觸法。
摘要(中)	從工業化前以來，全球的氣候條件都一直在迅速變化。極易受到負面影響的小島嶼發展中國家（SIDS）必須找到生存的替代方法，氣候變化給居民的生活中帶來嚴峻的風險且沒有任何減緩的跡象。特別是在高度脆弱的島嶼國家，而所羅門群島就是被認為極易受到氣候變化影響的小島嶼國家之一。經歷了海平面的急劇上升、長時間的乾旱、強烈的極端事件、高溫、高降、洪災、山體滑坡以及海洋溫度升高;這些都直接關係到食品安全、健康問題、經濟損失、財產損失、土地和人類生命。許多所羅門群島人在這些負面影響之下依舊生活了許多年，靠的就是這些傳統的知識來生存。《聯合國氣候變遷綱要公約》針對弱勢國家強調唯有適用性現代知識才是唯一的希望，鑑於此類倡議的重要性，所羅門群島批准了《聯合國氣候變化框架公約》和《京都議定書》。該島嶼同時也是各種政府組織的成員，包括小島嶼國家、最不發達國家和小島嶼發展中國家聯盟等等。在區域方面，所羅門群島積極參與南太平洋區域環境方案，太平洋適應氣候變化和太平洋島嶼論壇秘書處，以有效應對氣候變化。研究結果表明，儘管採取了各種適應措施，但依舊有必要擴大應對措施的規模，所羅門群島政府必須扮演重要角色來加強機構、協調和執行各種措施，才不會因未受到關注而無法達到預期之成果。適應工作中應納入各種層面，其中包括發展計劃和教育系統，而保留傳統的適應知識對於應變氣候變遷也是相當重要的，該研究還進一步觀察到在社區倡議中必須納入適應過程，因為大多數社區之間有著牢固的聯繫和傳統紐帶，基於社區和生態系統的適應在研究區域內的大多數社區中都得到了成功證實，能使弱勢群體確保生計並且可建立更強大的社區適應力。
摘要(英)	The global climatic conditions have been rapidly changing since the Pre-Industrial era hence, small island developing states (SIDS) which are highly susceptible to the negative impacts must find alternatives to survive. Climate change continues to pose severe risks to the livelihood of the people and there are no signs of slowing down, more specifically in highly vulnerable island nations. The Solomon Islands has been regarded as one of the small island nations that are highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. The country had experienced a severe increase in the sea level, prolonged droughts, intense extreme events, high temperatures, high rainfall and flooding, landslides, and increased ocean temperature which affects the environment and human livelihood. Many Solomon Islanders lived with these negative impacts for many years and developed traditional knowledge to survive. The modern knowledge in adaptation highlighted by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change targeting vulnerable nations is the only hope for many of the vulnerable communities. Seeing the importance of such initiatives, Solomon Islands ratified the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and Kyoto Protocol. The island nation is also a member of various inter-governmental organizations including, the Alliance of Small Island States, Least Developing Countries, and Small Island Developing States. On the regional front, Solomon Islands actively involved with the South Pacific Regional Environment Programme, Pacific Adaptation to Climate Change, and Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat to effectively deal with climate change. The results of this study show that despite the ongoing adaptation initiatives, there is a need for upscaling of responses as the impacts become widespread. Solomon Islands government must play a vital role to strengthen its institutions, coordinate and implement approaches without favor, and due influences. Adaptation should be integrated at all levels including development plans and the education system. It is important to share and preserve traditional knowledge of adaptation to enable communities to adapt to abrupt environmental changes. This study also further observed that communal initiatives must be included in the adaptation process as most communities have stronger connections and traditional ties. Community-Based Adaptation proved successes in most of the communities within the study area thus enable the vulnerable population to secure their livelihoods and build stronger community resilience.
關鍵字(中)	★ 氣候變遷 ★ 適應 ★ 脆弱性 ★ 基於社區的適應 ★ 社區適應力	關鍵字(英)	★ Climate Change ★ Adaptation ★ Vulnerability ★ Community-Based Adaptation ★ Community Resilience
論文目次	CHINESE ABSTRACT….……………………..………………………………………….......i ABSTRACT……..…………………………………………………………………..…….......ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT……………………………………………………………..……..iii TABLE OF CONTENTS….....…………………………………………………………….....iv LIST OF FIGURES...…………………...…...………………………………………….........vi LIST OF TABLES…………………………………………………………………………...vii ABBREVIATIONS…………………………………………………………………………viii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION….……………………………………………..…….....1 1.1 Objectives...…………...…………………………………………………………...7 1.2 Scope……………..………………………………………………………………..7 1.3 Significance of the Study…………..……………………………………………...8 1.4 Research Limitation………..……………...………………………………............8 1.5 Statement of Problem….…………………………………………………..............8 1.6 Thesis Organization...…………………………….……………………………......9 CHAPTER TWO: COUNTRY PROFILE….….......………..…………………………….....10 2.1 Solomon Islands…….…………………………………………………...……….10 2.2 Climate Change Vulnerability: Solomon Islands Context….……………………14 2.3 National Responses…….…………………………………...……………............17 CHAPTER THREE: LITERATURE REVIEW…...…………………………………….......21 3.1 Global Warming and Climate change…………………….………………...........21 3.1.1 Climate Change Vulnerability…….…………………………………...24 3.1.2 Adaptation to Climate Change…………….……....……………….......25 3.1.3 International and Institutional Adaptation Policies………….………....27 3.2 Small Island Developing States, Climate change, Vulnerabilities and Adaptation…………………………………………………………..29 3.3 Climate Change in Solomon Islands……………………………………………..31 3.3.1 Vulnerabilities and Risks of Climate Change: Solomon Islands............35 3.3.2 Adaptation to climate change in Solomon Islands: National and local level….................................37 3.3.3 Climate change adaptation and livelihoods: Local population………...38 3.4 Community Based Adaptation: Effective Tool to address climate change impacts…………………………………………………............40 CHAPTER FOUR: METHODOLOGY…………………..…….………...…………............42 4.1 Research Method…………………………………………...……………............42 4.1.1 Analytical Approach……………………....……...……………...........42 4.1.2 Documentary Analysis…………………………….……………..........42 4.1.3 Methodological Approach……………………………………………..43 4.1.4 Study Area……………………………………….………………….....45 CHAPTER FIVE: RESULTS………….……………………………………………………47 CHAPTER SIX: DISCUSSION….…………………………………………………………60 CHAPTER SEVEN: CONCLUSION…………………..…………………………………..65 7.1 Recommendation…………………………………………….….....................66 BIBLIOGRAPHY…………………………………………………………………………...67 APPENDICES………………..………….....…………………………………………….....75 Appendix I…………………………………….…………………………………….............75 Appendix II…………….……………………………………………………………............83
參考文獻	Adger, N., Huq, S., Brown, K., Conway, D., and Hume, M. (2003). Adaptation to Climate Change in the Developing World, Progress in Developing Studies, (3)3, 179-195. Ansel, N, Klocker, N and Skelton, T, (2016). Geographies of Global Issues: Change and Threat, Geographies of Children and Young People Springer Singapore, 8 ed. Retrieved from https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9789814585538#aboutAuthors Australian Bureau of Meteorology and CSIRO, (2011). Climate Change in the Pacific: Scientific Assessment and New Research. Volume 1: Regional Overview. Volume 2: Country Reports AfDB, ADB, DFID, Directorate-General for Development European Commission, Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development-Germany, MFA- Development Cooperation The Netherlands, OECD, UNDP, UNEP & WB (2003). Poverty and Climate Change: Reducing the Vulnerability of the Poor through Adaptation. Ahmed, A., Alam, M., and Rahman, A. (1999). Adaptation to Climate Change in Bangladesh: Future Outlook, in Huq, S., Karim, Z., Asaduzzaman, M., & Mahtab, F., editors, Vulnerability and Climate Change for Bangladesh, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 125-141. Bader, N and Bleischwitz, R, (2009). Measuring Urban Greenhouse Gas Emissions: The Challenge of Comparability, Cities and Climate Change (2) 3 Barnett, J., and Campbell, J. (2010). Climate change and small island states power, knowledge, and the South Pacific. London: Routledge. Barnett, J. (2008). The effect of aid on capacity to adapt to climate change: Insights from Niue. Political Science, (60) 1, 31–45. Barnett, J. (2011). Dangerous climate change in the Pacific Islands: Food production and food security. Regional Environmental Change, (11) 1, 229–237 Barnett J, and O’Neill S.J. (2013). Minimizing the risk of maladaptation: a framework for analysis. In Climate Adaptation Futures, ed. J Palutikof, SL Boulter, AJ Ash, M Stafford Smith, M Parry, Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. 87-93 Basel, Britt & Goby, Gillian & Johnson, Johanna. (2020). Community-based adaptation to climate change in villages of Western Province, Solomon Islands. Marine Pollution Bulletin. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341653983_Community-based_adaptation_to_climate_change_in_villages_of_Western_Province_Solomon_Islands/references Beg, N., Morlot, J.C., Davidson, O., Afrane-Okesse, Y., Tyani, L., Denton, F., Sokona, Y., Thomas, J.P., La Rovere, E.L., Parikk, J.K. Parikh, K., and Rahman, A. (2002). Linkages between Climate Change and Sustainable Development, Climate Policy, ( 2) 129-144. Berkeley Earth Analysis, (2013). Temperature Trend Solomon Islands (1880 – 2000). Retrieved from http://berkeleyearth.lbl.gov/auto/Regional/TAVG/Text/solomon-islands-TAVG-Trend.txt Bortscheller, M. J. (2009). Equitable but ineffective: How the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities hobbles the global fight against climate change. Sustainable Dev. L. & Pol′y, 10, 49. Cosbey, A., Bell, W., Murphy, D., Parry, J.E., Drexhage, J., Hammill, A., and Van Ham, J. (2005). Which Way Forward? Issues in Developing an Effective Climate Change Regime after 2012, IISD, Canada. Dessler, A., and Parson, A. (2006). The Science and Politics of Global Climate Change: A Guide to the Debate, Cambridge University Press. Eriksen, S., and Noess, L. (2003). Pro-poor Climate Adaptation, Norwegian Development Cooperation, and Climate Change Adaptation: An Assessment of Issues, Strategies and Potential Entry Points, CICERO, Oslo. Filho W. L, (2015). Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. Retrieved from https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783642386695 Gacusana, A, (2008). Community-Based Adaptation to Climate Change: A Case Study of Bangladesh, University of Birmingham. Retrieved from http://www.grin.com G.Holmes, B.R, Singh and L. Theodore (1996). Handbook of environmental management and technology, Global Environmental Change, Wiley, New York. 651 Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 2012 Springer Science and Business Media LLC Retrieved from https://www.springer.com Harry W. Fischer., (2019). Policy innovations for pro-poor climate support: social protection, small-scale infrastructure, and active citizenship under India’s MGNREGA. Climate and Development (0)0 1-14. Retrieved from https://www.springer.com Hansen, K., (2018). Swallowed Islands: Getting Sea Level Rise out of Variability. Retrieved from https://wattsupwiththat.com/2018/07/26/swallowed-islands-getting-slr-out-of-variability Huq, S. (2002). Lessons Learned from Adaptation to Climate Change in Bangladesh, A Paper Presented to the Climate Change Team, the World Bank. Huq, S., Reid, H., and Murray, L., (2006). Climate Change and Development Links, Gatekeeper Series 123, IIED. International Energy Agency, 2008. World Energy Outlook. Retrieved from https://www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-outlook-2008 International Institute Environment and Development, (2003). Livelihoods and Climate Change Combining Disaster Risk Reduction, Natural Resource Management and Climate Change Adaptation in a New Approach to the Reduction of Vulnerabilities and Poverty International Institute Environment and Development, (2007). Community-Based Adaptation: An IIED Briefing, London. International Institute Environment and Development, (2007). Community-Based Adaptation to Climate Change Bulletin: A Summary of the Second International Workshop on CBA to Climate Change, (135). Intergovernmental Panel Climate Change,(2001). Climate Change 2001: Synthesis Report, A Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Watson, R.T. and the Core Writing Intergovernmental Panel Climate Change, (2007). Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II, and III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Core Writing Team, Pachauri, R.K and Reisinger, A.(eds.). IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, (2018). Global warming of 1.5°C, Summary for Policymakers Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, (2018). Global warming of 1.5°C. An IPCC Special Report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate poverty, ed. V. Masson-Delmotte, P. Zhai, H. O. Pörtner, D. Roberts, J. Skea, P.R. Shukla, A. Pirani, W. Moufouma-Okia, C. Péan, R. Pidcock, S. Connors, J. B. R. Matthews, Y. Chen, X. Zhou, M. I. Gomis, E. Lonnoy, T. Maycock, M. Tignor, T. Waterfield. In Press. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, (2019). Summary for policymakers. In IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate, ed. HO Partner, DC Roberts, V Masson-Delmotte, P Zhai, M Tignor, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, and New York, NY, USA. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, (2014). Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II, and III. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University. Jones, R., and Rahman, A. (2007). Community-Based Adaptation, Tiempo Issue (64) 17-19. Kasperson, J.X., Kasperson, R.E., and Turner, B.L. (1995). Regions at Risk: Comparisons of Threated Environments, United Nations University Press, New York. Macdonal K, and Tipton T. (1993). In Gilbert N (ed) (1993). Researching Social Life. London, Sage Publications Macdonald K and Tipton T (1993). In Gilbert N (ed.) (1993). Researching Social Life. London, SAGE Publications. Mataki M, Birk T, May W, Ole M, Bruun T. B, Agergaard J and Yee D. (2009), Adaptation to climate change on three small Polynesian outliers in Solomon Islands, Earth and Environment Science 6. Retrieved from https://www.iopscience.iop.org Malaita Development Authority, 2018. Mapping the future of Malaita. Solomon Islands National University, Honiara Ministry of Finance and Treasury (2019). Solomon Islands, Development Budget 2009-2019, Solomon Islands government, 2019. Ministry of Environment, Meteorology, Climate Change, and Disaster Risk Management, (2018). Solomon Islands Government Nanau, G. (2011) The Wantok System as a Socio-Economic and Political Network in Melanesia, University of the South Pacific, Journal of Multicultural society. National Centers for Environment Information, (2015). The recent global surface warming hiatus: Fact or artificial Biases, Science. Retrieved from https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/ National Aeronautics and Space Administration, (2014). Carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere. NASA. Retrieved from https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/files/FY2014_NASA_SP_508c.pdf Nemakonde, L.D., and Van Niekerk, D. (2017). A normative model for integrating organizations for disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation within SADC member states, Disaster Prevention and Management, 26(3), 361-376. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1108/DPM-03-2017-0066 Nikolas, B, and Raimund, B.(2009). Measuring Urban Greenhouse Gas Emissions: The Challenge of Comparability, Sapiens. (2) 3. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/40810679_Measuring_Urban_Greenhouse_Gas_Emissions_The_Challenge_of_Comparability Nunn P and Kumar R. (2018). Understanding climate human interactions in Small Island Developing States (SIDS): implications for future livelihood sustainability. Int. J. Clim. Change Strategy. Manage. 10(2) 245–71 Nunn P, Kohler A, and Kumar R. (2017). Identifying and assessing evidence for recent shoreline change attributable to uncommonly rapid sea-level rise in Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia, Northwest Pacific Ocean. J. Coast. Conserve. 21(6) 719–30 Nurse LA, McLean RF, Agard J, Briguglio LP, and Duvat-Magnan V., (2015). Small Islands. In Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability: Part B: Regional Aspects: Working Group II Contribution to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, ed. VR Barros, CB Field, DJ Dokken, MD Mastrandrea, et al. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1613–54. Obakeng A. Sethamo, Rachel J. Masika and Marie K. Harder. (2020. Understanding the role of crystallizing local shared values in fostering effective community engagement in adaptation planning in Botswana. Climate and Development(12)5.448-456. Retrieved from https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17565529.2019.1639488 Otoara H. M, Gonzalez R. and Wairiu M. (2019) Is there any chance for the poor to cope with extreme environmental events? Two case studies in the Solomon Islands, World Development. Retrieve from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333879353 Otoara H. M and Gonzalez R. (2015) Building Resilience to Climate Change Impacts and Socioeconomic Attributes of Households in Solomon Islands, Springer International, Switzerland. Retrieve from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333879353 Otoara H. M, Gonzalez R., Wairiu M and Morrison K. (2018) Transformation of rural communities: lessons from a local self-initiative for building resilience in Solomon Islands, Local Environment. Retrieve from https://doi.org/10.1080/13549839.2017.1420640 Pacmas, (2013). Solomon Islands State of media & communication report. Pelling, M. (2011). Adaptation to climate change: from resilience to transformation. London: Routledge. Rahman, J. Md. (2019). Community-Based Adaptation to Climate Change. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335756404 Rajamani, L. (2000). The principle of common but differentiated responsibility and the balance of commitments under the climate regime. Review of European Community & International Environmental Law, 9(2), 120-131. Ravindranath, N.H., and Sathyahe, J.A. (2003). Climate Change and Developing Countries, Kluwer Academic Publishers. Sarkar A.N. (2012). Sustainable Development Through Pathways of Mitigation and Adaptation to Offset Adverse Climate Change Impacts. In: Leal Filho W. (eds) Climate Change and the Sustainable Use of Water Resources. Climate Change Management. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-22266-5_33 Smit, B.and Wandel, J. (2006). Adaptation, Adaptive Capacity, and Vulnerability, Global Environmental Change, (16) 282-292. Smith, J. and Pilifosova, O. (2003). From Adaptation to Adaptive Capacity and Vulnerability Reduction, in Smit, J., editor, Climate Change, Adaptive Capacity and Development, Imperial College Press, London, 9-25. Smith, B., and Pilifosova, O. (2003). Adaptation to climate change in the context of sustainable development and equity. Sustainable Development, 8(9), 880 – 912. South Pacific Regional Environment Program, (2013). Pacific adaptation to climate change, Solomon Islands, Report of in-country consultations. Retrieved from http://www.sprep.org Stern, N.H. (2007), Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, UK. Taylor. S and Kumar. L, 2016. Global Climate Change Impacts on Pacific Islands, Open Access Journal, Tropical Science, 9 (1) Tearfund (2006). Overcoming the Barriers: Mainstreaming Climate Change Adaptation in Developing Countries, United Kingdom. Thomas, A; Baptiste, A; Koller, M; and Rhiney Kevon, (2020). Climate Change and Small Island Developing States, Annual Reviews. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341377388 UNDP (2007). Human Development Report 2007/2008, Fighting Climate Change: Human Solidarity in a Divided World, New York, NY. Retrieved from http://www.unfccc.int UNFCCC (2007), Climate Change: Impacts, Vulnerabilities, and Adaptation in Developing Countries, Bonn, Germany. van Aalst, M.K., Cannon, T., and Burton, I. (2007) Community Level Adaptation to Climate Change: The Potential role of Participatory Risk Assessment, Global Environmental Change, (18) 165-179. Venkatesh, V., Brown, S., and Bala, H. (2013). Bridging the Qualitative-Quantitative Divide: Guidelines for Conducting Mixed Methods Research in Information Systems. MIS Quarterly: Management Information Systems. 37. 21-54 United Nations Development Program. (2015). Climate Change Adaptation, Building Resilience of Health Systems in Pacific Islands LDC’s to climate change United Nations Development Program, (2016). Pacific Adaptation to Climate Change, Solomon Islands, South Pacific Regional Environment Program. Retrieved from http://www.pacific.undp.org United Nation. (1987). Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: Our Common Future, United Nations, Geneva World Bank Report, (2020). Country Profile. Retrieve from http://www.worldbank.org World Data, (2008). Global carbon dioxide emission by region 1750-2008. Retrieved from https://www.zmescience.com/science/news-science/volcano-co2-humans-emissions-16102017/ Yohe, G., and M. Schlesinger (2002). The economic geography of the impacts of climate change, Journal of Economic Geography
指導教授	Ho-Ching Lee(Ho-Ching Lee)	審核日期	2020-10-15
推文	facebook   plurk   twitter   funp   google   live   udn   HD   myshare   reddit   netvibes   friend   youpush   delicious   baidu
網路書籤	Google bookmarks   del.icio.us   hemidemi   myshare