台商在環境衝擊下的供應鍊配置調整探討

以作者查詢圖書館館藏

、以作者查詢臺灣博碩士

、以作者查詢全國書目

、勘誤回報

、線上人數：32

、訪客IP：18.222.125.171

姓名

黃鐸銘(Tuo-Ming Huang) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

資訊管理學系

論文名稱

台商在環境衝擊下的供應鍊配置調整探討

相關論文

★ 製藥業的成本會計評估研究─ 一個ABC成本制度的應用	★ 一個保險業的資料採擷應用--業務員的薪酬制度分析
★ 農漁產品電子化交易中分類分級管理之研究	★ 應用類神經網路建構壽險核保決策支援之研究
★ 企業導入ERP之關鍵成功因素-個案研究	★ 體外診斷醫療器材滿足CE及GMP驗證要求之個案研
★ 企業資訊系統委外研究－以個案銀行為例	★ DRAM月平均價格變動分析
★ 定期航運產業運價及運送時間對經營績效影響之研究-以某外商海運公司在台灣經營為例	★ 以交通儲值卡作為電子支付工具的營運模式及可行性分析
★ 軟體公司能力成熟度評估	★ 加速台灣海關的通關便捷化－提升行動化服務的解決方案
★ 以均勻度係數為預測晶圓良率指標之可行性分析-以國內某DRAM廠為例	★ 某公司資訊部門變革失敗之探討
★ 資訊部門導入ITIL 管理機制之現況分析─ 以企業導入ITIL 服務支援為例	★ 導入WCO SAFE 優質企業之可行性分析–以A航空公司為例

檔案

[Endnote RIS 格式]

[Bibtex 格式]

[相關文章]

[文章引用]

[完整記錄]

[館藏目錄]

[檢視]

[下載]

本電子論文使用權限為同意立即開放。
已達開放權限電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的，進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。
請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定，切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送，以免觸法。

摘要(中)

自1918年西班牙流感爆發以來，2020年COVID-19爆發是最嚴重的大流行。普遍認為這只是醫療問題，其實是有非常嚴重的影響，發展為城市封鎖與製造業供應鏈受到嚴重影響的狀態。特別是，除了嚴重的肺炎之外，自2018年以來還發生了中美貿易戰。儘管似乎這兩種力量相互競爭，但實際上，生產比例正在逐步調整，不再集中在一個國家，並影響了供應鏈的配置。在這種衝擊下，台商如何調整其供應鏈配置，尤其是庫存策略來應對？
本研究採用質性研究的深度訪談法，並通過札根理論進行數據分析，提取結果。目的是了解在流行病影響帶來之不確定性情況下，台商如何審視和調整在過去幾十年中被廣泛接受的精實生產。
過去，製造商保持適當的庫存水平，以作為應對環境不確定性的緩衝。但是，在過去的幾十年中，隨著資訊技術的演進，已經從庫存轉移到了更有效的精實生產方法。在發生衝擊的情況下，如果沒有足夠的緩衝，將無法維持供應鏈原物料的流動，從而導致生產中斷。
這項研究揭示了一些有趣的結果。首先，目前，台商通常採用精實生產。在最近環境變化下，生產變得不穩定，甚至面臨生產線停工或工廠關閉的。這導致對精實生產進行重新檢驗。其次，為了應對由環境因素引起的這些不確定性，回頭採行較高庫存或餘裕資源，作為緩衝來對應不確定性並穩定生產。

摘要(英)

The outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 has been the most serious pandemic since the Spanish flu in 1918. What the public thought to be just a medical problem, turns out to have a much severe impact, developing into a status where cities ware shut down and manufacturing supply chains were seriously affected. In particular, in addition to the severe pneumonia, there is also the Sino-US trade war since 2018. Although it seems that the two forces are competing, in fact, the proportion of production is gradually adjusted and no longer concentrated in a single country, and affected the configuration of the supply chain. Under the impact, how can Taiwanese companies adjust their supply chain configuration, in particular, the inventory strategy, to respond?
This research adopts the in-depth interview method of qualitative research, and extracts the results through data analysis through Grounded Theory. The objective is to understand how, under the huge uncertainty brought about by the impact of the epidemic, Taiwanese manufacturers review and adjust the lean production practices that have been widely accepted in the past decades.
In the past, manufacturers kept an appropriate level of inventories, as a buffers to cope with environmental uncertainties. However, over the past few decades, along with the advent of information technologies, they have moved away from inventory, and adopt the more efficient lean production approach. In the event of an impact, without sufficient buffers, some of them cannot maintain the flow of goods along the supply chain, resulting in production interruptions.
This study reveals a few interesting results. First, currently, Taiwanese manufacturers generally adopts the lean production approach. Under recent environmental changes, production has become unstable, even facing production line stoppage, or factory closures. This results in reexamination of the lean production practice. Second, in order to cope with these uncertainties arising from environmental factors, some of the slowly creeping back to keep higher levels of inventory, or slack resources, to buffer from the uncertainties and stabilize productions.

關鍵字(中)

★ 精實生產
★ 餘裕資源
★ 供應鏈管理
★ 不確定性
★ 札根理論
★ 質性研究

關鍵字(英)

★ Lean Production
★ Slack Resource
★ Supply Chain Management
★ Uncertainty
★ Grounded Theory
★ Qualitative Study

論文目次

第一章緒論 1
1.1 研究動機 2
1.2 研究目的 3
1.3 研究貢獻 5
第二章文獻回顧 6
2.1 組織生態理論 (Organization Ecology Theory) 6
2.2 精實生產 (Lean Production) 9
2.3 環境 (Environment) 11
2.4 風險 (Risk) 與不確定性 (Uncertainty) 13
2.5 餘裕資源 (Slack Resource) 14
2.6 韌性供應鏈 (Resilience Supply Chain) 16
2.7 台商赴大陸投資發展與現況 20
2.8 小結：研究架構 24
第三章影響供應鏈配置之環境衝擊 32
3.1 嚴重特殊傳染性肺炎 (COVID-19，又稱新冠肺炎) 32
3.2 中美貿易戰 (US-China Trade War) 34
3.3 東日本大震災 (日本 311 大地震) 37
3.4 小結 39
第四章研究設計 40
4.1 研究方法：個案研究法 40
4.2 研究對象：個案之選擇 44
4.3 資料蒐集方法：深度訪談法 49
4.4 資料分析方法：扎根理論 53
4.5 質性研究資料分析品質與可信度 58
第五章企業因應環境衝擊之餘裕資源調節分析 62
5.1 個案公司簡介 62
5.1.1 機械產業個案 A 公司簡介 62
5.1.2 機械產業個案 B 公司簡介 64
5.1.3 汽機車零組件個案 C 公司簡介 65
5.1.4 電源供應器個案 D 公司簡介 66
5.1.5 電源供應器個案 E 公司簡介 67
5.1.6 小結 68
5.2 庫存－生產資源調整動態分析 68
5.2.1 機械產業個案 A 分析 68
5.2.2 機械產業個案 B 分析 70
5.2.3 汽機車零組件個案 C 分析 72
5.2.4 電源供應器個案 D 分析 74
5.2.5 電源供應器個案 E 分析 75
5.3 緩衝與環境不確定性之分析 78
第六章結論 82
6.1 研究成果：企業餘裕資源多少與環境不確定性高低成正相關 82
6.2 管理意涵 85
6.3 研究限制 87
6.4 未來研究建議 88
參考文獻 89
附件一、拜訪每個個案之第一次研究訪談大綱 98
附件二、拜訪個案 D 及個案 E 之第二次研究訪談大綱 99
附件三、札根理論個案分析 100

參考文獻

Aguilar, F. (1967). Scanning The Business Environment, New York: Macmillan.

Bauer, R. A. (1960). Consumer Behavior as Risk Taking, American Marking Association.

Bourgeois, L. J. (1981). “On The Measurement of Organizational Slack,” Academy of Management Review, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 29-39.

Bourgeois, L. J. and Singh, J. V. (1983). “Organizational Slack and Political Behavior Within Top Management Teams,” Academy of Management; Vol. 1983, No.1, 43-7.

Bromiley, Philip (1991). “Testing A Causal Model of Corporate Risk-Taking and Performance,” The Academy of Management Journal; Vol. 34, No. 1, pp. 37-59.

Carroll, G. R. (1984). “Organizational Ecology,” Annual Review of Sociology, 10:71-93.

Chen, Yi-Min, Yang, De-Sin and Lin, Feng-Jyh (2013). “Does Technological Diversification Matter to Firm Performance? The Moderating Role of Organizational Slack,” Journal of Business Research, Vol. 66, Issue 10, pp. 1970-1975.

Cheng, J. and Kesner, I. F. (1997). “Organizational Slack and Response to Environmental Shifts: The Impact of Resource Allocation Patterns,” Journal of Manage; Vol. 23, Issue 1, pp. 1-18.

Child, J. (1972). “Organizational Structure, Environment, and Performance: The Role of Strategic Choice,” Sociology, Vol. 6, Issue 1, pp. 1-22.

Christopher, Martin and Peck, Helen (2004). “Building The Resilient Supply Chain,” The International Journal of Logistics Management, Vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 1-14.

Coffey, Amanda Jane and Atkinson, Paul A. (1996). Making Sense of Qualitative Data, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Corbin, J. M., and Strauss, A. (1990). “Grounded Theory Research: Procedures, Canons, and Evaluative Criteria.” Qualitative Sociology, 13, pp. 3-21.

Cresswell, J. W. (2007), Qualitative Inquiry & Research Design, 2nd Ed. Thousnd Oaks, CA: Sage.

Cyert, Richard and March, James (1963). The Behavioral Theory of the Firm, Prentice-Hall.

Daniel Francis, Franz T. Lohrke, Charles J. Fornaciari and R. Andrew Turner Jr. (2004). “Slack Resources and Firm Performance: A Meta-Analysis,” Journal of Business Research, Vol. 57, pp. 565-574.

Denzin, Norman K. and Lincoln, Yvonna S. (1994). Handbook of Qualitative Research, London: New Delhi.

Eisenhardt, K. M. (1989). “Building Theories from Case Study Research,” Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 14, No. 4, pp. 532-550.

Fontana, Andrea and Frey, James H. (1994). Interviewing: The Art of Science, Sage.

Geiger, S. W. and Cashen, L. H. (2002). “A Multidimensional Examination of Slack and Its Impact on Innovation,” Journal of Managerial Issues, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 68-84.

Gibbs, Jack P. and Martin, Walter T. (1958). “Urbanization and Natural Resources: A Study in Organizational Ecology,” American Sociological Review, Vol. 23, No. 3 (Jun., 1958), pp. 266-277.

Glaser, B. G., and Strauss, A. L. (1967). The Discovery of Grounded Theory. Chicago, IL:Aldine.

Golsorkhi, D., Rouleau L., Seidl, D. and Varrar, E. (2007). Strategy-as-Practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Grenley, Gordon E. and Oktemgil, Mehmet (1998). “A Comparison of Slack Resources in High and Low Performing British Companies,” Journal of Management Studies 35:3 May 1998.

Hannan, Michael T. and Freeman, John (1977). “The Population Ecology of Organizations,” American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 82, No. 5, pp. 929-964.

Hannan, Michael T. and Freeman, John (1989). Organizational Ecology, Harvard University.
Herriott, Rober E. and Firestone, William A. (1983). “Multisite Qualitative Policy Research: Optimizing Description and Generalizability,” Educational Researcher, Vol. 12, Issue 2, pp. 14-19.

Hill, Charles W. L., Schilling, Melissa A. and Jones, Gareth R. (2019). Strategic Management, 13th Edition. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin.

Jardine, C. G., and Hrudey, S. E. (1999). Chapter 7: What Is Risk. In D. J. Briggs, R.
Sten & T. L. Tinker (Eds.), Environmental Health for All. Boston, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Jensen, M. (1986). “Agency Costs of Free Cash Flow, Corporate Finance, and Takeovers,” The American Economic Review; Vol. 76, No. 2, pp. 323-329.

Karlsson, C., and Ahlstrom, P., (1996). “Assessing Changes Towards Lean Production.” International Journal of Operations and Production Management, 16 (2), pp. 24-41.

Knight, F. H. (1921). Risk, Uncertainty and Profit, Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin.

Lee, Hau L., Padmanabhan, V. and Whang, Seungjin (1997). “The Bullwhip Effect in Supply Chains,” Sloan Management Review, Vol. 38, pp. 93-102.

Lee, Thomas W. (1999). Using Qualitative Methods in Organizational Research, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Louis, Karen S. (1982). “Multisite / Multimethod Studies,” The American Behavioral Scientist, Vol. 26, Issue 1, pp. 6-22.

Mason-Jones, Rachel and Towill, Denis R. (1998). “Shrinking The Supply Chain Uncertainty Cycle,” Control, pp. 17-22.

Neuman, W. Lawrence (2003). Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches, Boston: Allyn and Bacon.

Nohria, N. and Gulati R. (1996). “Is Slack Good or Bad for Innovation?” The Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 39, No. 5, pp. 1245-64.

O’Brien, Ellen (2003). “Employers’ Benefits from Workers’ Health Insurance,” The Milbank Quarterly, Vol. 81, Issue 1, pp. 5-43.

Patton, Michael Quinn (1990). Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods (2nd ed.), Sage Publications, Inc.

Peck, H. (2004). The Financial Times Handbook of Management, London: Pearson Publishing.

Penrose, Edith (1959). The Theory of The Growth of The Firm, NY: Wiley.

Ragin, C. C. (1987). The Comparative Method: Moving Beyond Qualitative and Quantitative Strategies, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

Schofield, J. W. (1993). Increasing The Generalizability of Qualitative Research, Maidenhead, BRK, England: Open University Press.

Scheppard, Michael (2018). “The Relationship Between Discretionary Slack and Growth in Small Firms,” International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Issue 1.

Singh, J. V. (1986). “Performance, Slack, and Risk Taking in Organizational Decision Making,” The Academy of Management Journal; Vol. 29, No. 3,pp. 562-585.

Strauss, Anselm and Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of Qualitative Research: Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Thomas, G. (2011). “How to Do Your Case Study: A Guide for Students and Researchers,” CA: Sage Publications.

Womack, James P., Daniel T. Jones and Daniel Roos (1990). The Machine That Changed The World: The Story of Lean Productions, New York, NY: Harper Perennial.

Womack, James P., and Jones, Daniel T. (2003). Lean Thinking: Banish Waster and Create Wealth in Your Corporation, New York, NY: Simon & Schuster.

Yin, R. K. (1981 a). The Case Study as A Serious Research Strategy, Knowledge, Vol. 3, Issue: 1, pp. 97-114.

Yin, R. K. (1981 b). “The Case Study Crisis: Some Answers,” Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 26, pp. 58-65.

Yin, R. K., (2009), Case Study Research: Design and Methods, 4th. Ed. Thousnad Oaks, CA: Sage.

中文參考文獻

工業技術研究院產業經濟與趨勢發展中心 (2011)，「日本三陸沖大地震對我國相關產業之影響評估」，工業技術研究院產業經濟與趨勢發展中心。

胡幼慧 (1996)，質性研究的分析與寫成。載於胡幼慧 (主編)，質性研究：理論、方法及本土女性研究實例 (頁159-170)。台北市：巨流圖書股份有限公司。

高長 (2009)，大陸經改與兩岸經貿。台北市：五南圖書出版有限公司。

陳向明 (2002)，社會科學質的研究。台北市：五南圖書出版有限公司。

網路參考文獻

BBC (2020 a). 肺炎疫情下全球產業鏈面臨重構：「去中國化」是否可行。[Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/business-52229356], (Accessed 2020/10/06)

BBC (2020 b). 新冠肺炎：一場影響中國每個角落的疫情。[Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/chinese-news-51484581], (Accessed 2020/10/07)

BBC (2020 c). 肺炎疫情封鎖打擊石油需求美國油價歷史性暴跌為負值。[Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/business-52366117], (Accessed 2020/10/08)

BBC (2020 d). 疫情之下油價撼動全球金融市場為何石油仍在左右世界經濟。[Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/business-52394110], (Accessed 2020/10/08)

EMDAT (2020). EM-DAT The International Disaster Database. [Retrieved from https://www.emdat.be], (Accessed 2020/03/15)

Investing.com (2020). 供應鏈中斷！現代汽車韓國工廠停產影響其全球40%的產量。 [Retrieved from https://hk.investing.com/news/stock-market-news/article-80728], (Accessed 2020/10/06)

KPMG (2020). KPMG 2020 年全球 CEO 前瞻大調查。[Retrieved from https://home.kpmg/tw/zh/home/media/press-releases/2020/09/global-ceo-outlook-2020.html], (Accessed 2020/10/01)

The News Lens (2020). 細數例年「石油危機」：油價最高飆到147美元，也曾經跌到比滷肉飯還便宜。[Retrueved from https://www.thenewslens.com/article/139289], (Accessed 2020/10/08)

The Time of India (2020). Three top Apple suppliers to commit $900 million to India smartphone incentive plan: Report. [Retrieved from https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/three-top-apple-suppliers-to-commit-900-million-to-india-smartphone-incentive-plan-report/articleshow/78376214.cms], (Accessed 2020/10/04)

Wikipedia. (2002). 嚴重急性呼吸道症候群。[Retrieved from https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/嚴重急性呼吸道症候群], (Accessed 2020/10/04)

Wikipedia. (2011). 東日本大震災。[Retrieved from https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/東日本大震災], (Accessed 2020/10/03)

Wikipedia. (2018). 2018－2020年中美貿易戰。[Retrieved from https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/中美貿易戰], (Accessed 2020/10/03)

Wikipedia. (2020 a). 嚴重特殊傳染性肺炎疫情。[Retrieved from https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019冠狀病毒病疫情], (Accessed 2020/09/07)

Wikipedia. (2020 b). 演化。[Retrieved from https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/演化], (Accessed 2020/10/03)

Wikipedia. (2020 c). 風險。[Retrieved from https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/風險], (Accessed 2020/10/03)

Wikipedia. (2020 d). 風險管理。[Retrieved from https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/風險管理], (Accessed 2020/10/03)

Wikipedia. (2020 e). 精實生產。[Retrieved from https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/精實生產], (Accessed 2020/10/08)

Wikipedia. (2020 f). 長鞭效應。[Retrieved from https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/長鞭效應], (Accessed 2020/10/08)

Wikipedia. (2020 g). PEST。[Retrieved from https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/PEST分析], (Accessed 2020/09/28)

Wikipedia. (2020 h). 波羅的海乾散貨指數。[Retrieved from https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/波羅的海乾散貨指數], (Accessed 2020/10/09)

中時新聞網 (2020)，客機減班貨運成本節節飆。[Retrieved from https://www.chinatimes.com/newspapers/20200511000199-260203?chdtv], (Accessed 2020/10/09)

今周刊 (2020)，Retrieved from [https://www.businesstoday.com.tw/article/category/80392/ post/202002170008/新冠肺炎》社區感染總有一天會來臨！兒科醫師：比起疫情擴散，更該害怕這4件事], (Accessed 2020/10/07)

天下雜誌 (2020 a)，中國工廠復工不順全球產業斷鏈中。[Retrieved from https://www.cw.com.tw/article/5098993?from=search], (Accessed 2020/10/03)

天下雜誌 (2020 b)，新冠肺炎衝擊供應鏈斷鏈危機？蘋果預警營收無法達標中。[Retrieved from https://www.cw.com.tw/article/5099026?from=search], (Accessed 2020/10/03)

中時新聞網 (2020)，大陸零件斷炊南韓現代汽車停產。[Retrieved from https://www.chinatimes.com/realtimenews/20200204003432-260410?chdtv], (Accessed 2020/10/03)

台灣經貿網 (2011)，日本311強震對產業供應鏈之影響。[Retrieved from https://info.taiwantrade.com/biznews/日本311強震對產業供應鏈之影響-915394.html], (Accessed 2020/10/03)

拓墣 (2011)，日本大地震震斷產業鏈結構拓墣：專業化過度分工後遺症。[Retrieved from https://www.topology.com.tw/DataContent/release/日本大地震%20震斷產業鏈結構%20拓墣：專業化過度分工後遺症/123], (Accessed 2020/10/03)

哈佛商業評論 (2020)，3月中旬，冠狀病毒將重擊全球供應鏈。[Retrieved from https://www.hbrtaiwan.com/article_content_AR0009509.html], (Accessed 2020/10/03)

星展銀行 (2020)，新冠狀病毒對亞洲供應鏈的影響。[Retrieved from https://www.dbs.com.tw/documents/1055049/15463269/supplychain-disruption.pdf/54718ffc-2691-4652-be62-8fcba3c3225f?t=1584071900871], (Accessed 2020/10/03)

行政院大陸委員會 (2020)，海峽兩岸關係紀要。[Retrieved from https://www.mac.gov.tw/News.aspx?n=3D7C9BFC4F86BF4A&sms=CDA642B408087E65], (Accessed 2020/12/11)

范錚強 (2009)，小心，長鞭效應回盪會讓你措手不及。[Retrieved from https://news.pchome.com.tw/magazine/report/li/iThome/742/120499200026033075007_2.htm], (Accessed 2020/12/17)

童子賢 (2020)，童子賢：重複下單大家有經驗。[Retrieved from https://www.chinatimes.com/newspapers/20201217000222-260204?utm_source=iii_news&utm_medium=rss&chdtv], (Accessed 2020/12/17)

俞偉雄 (2010)，俞偉雄：風險與不確定性。[Retrieved from https://www.epochtimes.com/b5/10/6/6/n2929817.htm], (Accessed 2020/10/03)

鉅亨網 (2020 a)，航空業經營的大困境：全球國際線運量大減56%。[Retrieved from https://news.cnyes.com/news/id/4457914], (Accessed 2020/10/09)

鉅亨網 (2020 b)，波羅的海－乾散裝型。[Retrieved from https://www.cnyes.com/futures/Javachart/BDI.html], (Accessed 2020/10/09)

管理知識中心 (2020)，斷開供應鏈可不是開玩笑！》新冠肺炎衝擊精品業急凍。[Retrieved from https://mymkc.com/article/content/23370], (Accessed 2020/10/03)

經濟日報 (2020)，貿易戰不停歇美中兩套供應鏈系統成全球趨勢。[Retrieved from https://money.udn.com/money/story/5612/4814579], (Accessed 2020/10/03)

劉彥伯 (2020)，斷鏈了，怎麼辦？。[Retrieved from https://home.kpmg/tw/zh/home/insights/2020/04/tw-supply-chain-recovery-plan.html], (Accessed 2020/10/03)

指導教授

范錚強(CK Farn)

審核日期

2021-1-5

推文